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Somalia
Acknowledgments
The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy
Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led
by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of
Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was
provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation
components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation
components). The team is grateful for all comments and
suggestions received from regional and sector specialists
regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.
© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has
reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief
aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation
policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,
associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.
The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.
The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify
and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in
terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive
mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs
of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including
the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks
(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices
(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,
analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies
and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.
In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions
which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of
submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to
adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse
gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In
addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to
significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation
plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,
the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance
mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Table of Contents
I Overall Planning and Preparation Process
II Mitigation
Economywide Targets
Economywide Policies
Mitigation Actions and Policies
III Adaptation
Adaptation Targets
Adaptation Context
Adaptation Actions and Policies
Acronyms
BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions
CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience
NAP National Adaptation Plan
DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action
INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions
REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries
LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy
LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry
|
|
|
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Overall Planning and
Preparation Process
How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?
Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level
Interministerial level
OFFICE OF THE PRIMEMINISTER AND LINEMINISTRIESFEDERAL GOVERNMENTOF SOMALIA
Parliament
Ministry LevelSTATE MINISTER FORENVIRONMENTMINISTRY OF PLANNING
Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement YES
Multisector commision YES
Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?
YES
Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?
LEDS
NAMAS
NAPA YES
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
$N/A
(in Billion USD)
TOTAL COST OF
IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Existing policies:National Adaptation Programmes of Action for Climate Change (NAPA) (2013)
Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support
Financial support
Implementation Plans and Needs
Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:
Technology Transfer
Financial support
Capacity Building
Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?
YES
Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?
Are there any barriers identified?
Link list:• Somalia INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climateenergycollege.net/files/site1/factsheets/Somalia_INDCFactsheet_UoMPRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Mitigation
ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS
Coverage of Gases:
Other Targets:
POLICIES:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
$28.175 million
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
RENEWABLE
ENERGY: HYDROActions: INDC page link
Rehabilitation of Fanoole Hydro-Electric Dam and Irrigation Infrastructure P. 29
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Plans: INDC page link
Fanoole dam rehabilitation P. 11
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
ENERGY
EFFICIENCYPlans: INDC page link
More efficient kilns for charcoal making P. 11
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
RENEWABLE
ENERGY: WINDPlans: INDC page link
Replacing diesel-powered water pumps with wind systems P. 11
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
RENEWABLE
ENERGY: SOLARActions: INDC page link
Upscaling the Use of Solar Energy P. 43
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
$6.45 million
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
SUSTAINABLE
LAND
MANAGEMENT
Actions: INDC page link
Adoption of Sustainable Land Management to Build Resilient RuralLivelihoods and Enable National Food Security
P. 13
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
$23.671 million
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
CONSERVATIONActions: INDC page link
UN Joint Programme on Sustainable Charcoal Production and AlternativeLivelihoods (PROSCAL) to Mitigate Against Deforestation; CharcoalProduction from Prosopis and Replacement with Crop Production
P. 25
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
REFORESTATIONPlans: INDC page link
Regional nurseries and forest plantation using indigenous and introducedsuitable tree species
P. 11
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
N/A
N/A
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Adaptation
ADAPTATION TARGETS
ADAPTATION CONTEXT
Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans
National Communications
NAPs
NAPAS YES
CIF-PPCRs
Sectoral Strategies
Cross-cutting
Conditionality:
Unconditional part of adaptation implementation
Conditional part of adaptation implementation
Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation
TARGET YEAR
2030N/A
(in Billion USD)
COST OFIMPLEMENTATION
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
african development bank (afdb)
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
ENERGY
ENERGY: GENERAL
Actions:
UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Action/Investment Programme (2015)
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 6.45 million
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
AGRICULTURE
LAND AND SOIL
MANAGEMENT
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Adoption of Sustainable Land Management to Build Resilient RuralLivelihoods and Enable National Food Security
P. 13
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 1.04 million
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
LULUCF/FORESTRY
SUSTAINABLE
FOREST
MANAGEMENT
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Project for Domestication of Indigenous and the Introduction ofEconomically Important Plant Species
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 4.10 million
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
DISASTER RISK
MANAGEMENT (DRM)
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Adaptation by Reducing Risks among Vulnerable Populations from NaturalDisasters
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 8.10 million
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
WATER
WATER
MANAGEMENT
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Adaptation Using Integrated Water Resources Management to EnsureWater Access and Supply to Vulnerable Populations and Sectors
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 31.35 million
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
COASTAL ZONE
COASTAL
MANAGEMENT
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Marine and Coastal Environmental Governance and Management:Studies of the Status of the Marine EnvironmentEnvironmental Policies and Legal Framework Formulation andImplementationEstablishment of 10 Coastal NurseriesProtection and Replanting of Coastal Mangroves and Protection of CoralReefsMedia AwarenessTraining Workshops and SeminarsProtection Against Illegal Fishing and Dumping of Waste and Oil SpillCoastal Infrastructural Development
P. 45
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
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