Somalia

Acknowledgments

The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy

Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led

by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of

Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was

provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation

components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation

components). The team is grateful for all comments and

suggestions received from regional and sector specialists

regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Introduction      In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WB­CPT) has

reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief

aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation

policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,

associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues. 

      The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions. 

The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify

and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in

terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive

mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easy­to­use, and interactive database and briefs

of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including

the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks

(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices

(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,

analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies

and actions. In­depth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage. 

      In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions

which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of

submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to

adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse

gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In

addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to

significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation

plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,

the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance

mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Table of Contents

I Overall Planning and Preparation Process 

II  Mitigation

  Economy­wide Targets

  Economy­wide Policies

  Mitigation Actions and Policies

III  Adaptation

  Adaptation Targets

  Adaptation Context

  Adaptation Actions and Policies

Acronyms

BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions

CIF­PPCR Climate Investment Funds ­ PilotProgram for Climate Resilience

NAP National Adaptation Plan

DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action

INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions

REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries

LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy

LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry

|

|

|

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Overall Planning and

Preparation Process

How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?

Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level

Interministerial level

OFFICE OF THE PRIMEMINISTER AND LINEMINISTRIESFEDERAL GOVERNMENTOF SOMALIA

Parliament

Ministry LevelSTATE MINISTER FORENVIRONMENTMINISTRY OF PLANNING

Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement YES

Multisector commision YES

Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?

YES

Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?

LEDS

NAMAS

NAPA YES

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

$N/A

(in Billion USD)

TOTAL COST OF

IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Existing policies:National Adaptation Programmes of Action for Climate Change (NAPA) (2013)

Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support

Financial support

Implementation Plans and Needs

Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:

Technology Transfer

Financial support

Capacity Building

Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?

YES

Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?

Are there any barriers identified?

Link list:• Somalia INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climate­energy­college.net/files/site1/factsheets/Somalia_INDCFactsheet_UoM­PRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf 

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Mitigation

ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS

Coverage of Gases:

Other Targets:

POLICIES:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

$28.175 million

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

RENEWABLE

ENERGY: HYDROActions: INDC page link

Rehabilitation of Fanoole Hydro-Electric Dam and Irrigation Infrastructure P. 29

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Plans: INDC page link

Fanoole dam rehabilitation P. 11

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

ENERGY

EFFICIENCYPlans: INDC page link

More efficient kilns for charcoal making P. 11

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

RENEWABLE

ENERGY: WINDPlans: INDC page link

Replacing diesel-powered water pumps with wind systems P. 11

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

RENEWABLE

ENERGY: SOLARActions: INDC page link

Upscaling the Use of Solar Energy P. 43

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

$6.45 million

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

SUSTAINABLE

LAND

MANAGEMENT

Actions: INDC page link

Adoption of Sustainable Land Management to Build Resilient RuralLivelihoods and Enable National Food Security

P. 13

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

$23.671 million

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

CONSERVATIONActions: INDC page link

UN Joint Programme on Sustainable Charcoal Production and AlternativeLivelihoods (PROSCAL) to Mitigate Against Deforestation; CharcoalProduction from Prosopis and Replacement with Crop Production

P. 25

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

REFORESTATIONPlans: INDC page link

Regional nurseries and forest plantation using indigenous and introducedsuitable tree species

P. 11

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Emission reduction potential:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

N/A

N/A

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Adaptation

ADAPTATION TARGETS

ADAPTATION CONTEXT

Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans

National Communications

NAPs

NAPAS YES

CIF-PPCRs

Sectoral Strategies

Cross-cutting

Conditionality:

Unconditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation

TARGET YEAR

2030N/A

(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

african development bank (afdb)

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

ENERGY

ENERGY: GENERAL

Actions:

UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Action/Investment Programme (2015)

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 6.45 million

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

AGRICULTURE

LAND AND SOIL

MANAGEMENT

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Adoption of Sustainable Land Management to Build Resilient RuralLivelihoods and Enable National Food Security

P. 13

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 1.04 million

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

LULUCF/FORESTRY

SUSTAINABLE

FOREST

MANAGEMENT

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Project for Domestication of Indigenous and the Introduction ofEconomically Important Plant Species

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 4.10 million

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

DISASTER RISK

MANAGEMENT (DRM)

DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Adaptation by Reducing Risks among Vulnerable Populations from NaturalDisasters

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

somalia federal government (sfg) ministry ofstate for environment

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 8.10 million

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

WATER

WATER

MANAGEMENT

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Adaptation Using Integrated Water Resources Management to EnsureWater Access and Supply to Vulnerable Populations and Sectors

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: usd 31.35 million

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | Somalia | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

COASTAL ZONE

COASTAL

MANAGEMENT

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Marine and Coastal Environmental Governance and Management:Studies of the Status of the Marine EnvironmentEnvironmental Policies and Legal Framework Formulation andImplementationEstablishment of 10 Coastal NurseriesProtection and Replanting of Coastal Mangroves and Protection of CoralReefsMedia AwarenessTraining Workshops and SeminarsProtection Against Illegal Fishing and Dumping of Waste and Oil SpillCoastal Infrastructural Development

P. 45

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group