social science power sharing std x

Social Science PowerPoint Presentation

Learning Objectives

To Understand The Knowledge

Topic :-- “Power Sharing”

Basic Definition :-

A situation in which two people or groups share responsibility for

running a government, organization, etc.:

POWER SHARING

Common Life Examples Of Power Sharing

Power Sharing in a Family

Father

Mother

Children

Father & Mother Exercises The Supreme PowerChildren Are Governed By Parents

Till An Age

Power sharing in a Classroom

The teacher acts as a coordinator and guide for Their behavior in class and studies.

Students can Present Their views what they learned etc…. In front of the class..

A class room Has A Teacher And Student

Power Sharing in a Government College Institution

Ultimately Government Colleges are managed by GOVERNMENT itself

Headed By the Principal

 Teachers (Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor) are appointed through Public Service Commission's of central and state governments. They share the powers allotted to them by the college.

Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy  A democratic rule involves sharing power with those

affected by its exercise, and who have to live with its effects.

All communities, social groups get their say in the governance.

People have a right to be consulted on how they are to be governed.

A legitimate government is one where citizens acquire a stake in the system; through participation.

Power Sharing in Democracy

Power Sharing in a Unitary DemocracyBritain :-

A unitary system of government, or unitary state, is a sovereign state governed as a single entity. Central Govt is the Ultimate Govt.

Monarch is the head of state and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government.

 Executive power is exercised by Her Majesty's Government

Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the House of Commons and the House of Lords

The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The highest court is the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

Unitary GovernmentsFederations

United States is a federal constitutional republic.

President of the United States (the head of state and head of government), Congress, and judiciary share powers reserved to the national government

The federal government shares sovereignty with the state governments.

Power Sharing in Federal Republic :- USA

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government.

The executive branch is headed by the President and is independent of the legislature

The judicial branch (or judiciary), composed of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, exercises judicial power

Power Sharing in Federal Parliamentary Republic :- Germany

Germany is a federal parliamentary republic, and federal legislative power is vested in the parliament and the representative body of Germany's regional states.

There is a multi-party system

The judiciary of Germany is independent of the executive and the legislature.

Power Sharing In Non-Democratic Countries

Saudi Arabia

The politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in the context of an absolute monarchy

The King of Saudi Arabia is both head of state and the head of government

The Qur'an is declared to be the constitution of the country, which is governed on the basis of Islamic law (Shari'a).

Government is dominated by the vast royal family, the Al Saud

King Salman

The king combines legislative, executive, and judicial functions

ChinaChina is run by a single party, the Communist Party of China.

The leadership of the Communist Party is stated in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.

The President of China is the titular head of state, serving as the ceremonial figurehead under National People's Congress.

The Premier of China is the head of government

 General Secretary of the Communist Party of China holds ultimate power and authority over state and government.

Forms Of Power Sharing In India

Horizontal Distribution Power

Legislature Executive Judiciary

HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION

POWER

LEGISLATURE

It consists of two bodies in the National Level :-Namely Rajya Sabha (Council Of States) and Lok Sabha (House Of The People)

Legislature is mainly the Parliament of the country

At the State Level Legislative Assembly is Found

It Legislates Laws in the country

A Visual Of A Legislative Assembly Meeting

ExecutiveIt consist of the following :-

1) President Of India 2) Council Of Ministers 3) The Vice-President 4) The Union Ministers 5) The Independent Executive Agencies

Examples Of Executive

The President

Council Of Ministers

C.B.I ,Police

Judiciary

 The Common Law System in which the judges develop the laws with their judgments, orders and decisions.

Three type of courts found in India:-

1) SUPREME COURT (NEW DELHI)2) HIGH COURTS (STATE WISE)3) DISTRICT AND SUBORDINATE COURTS

Vertical Distribution Of Power

Union Government

State Government

Local Government

Union Government

It is the Government for the whole Nation Also called : Federal Government

It is the governing authority of the 29 states of India and 7 Union territories. It deals with Military , External Affairs etc.

It has its Base in New Delhi, the capital of India

State Government

This Government is found in all states. It deals with internal Security and other state issues

It is headed by the Chief Minister.

The centre can dissolve state government in favour of President's rule if necessary. 

Local Government

Local Government of India refers to the government of the 28 Indian states and the 7 union territories

There are a total of 6,45,000 local governments of India

Local governments of the rural regions are termed as the Panchayats.

The local government in the urban areas is referred to as the nagar panchayats and the municipalities. 

A Panchayat Meeting

Sharing Of Power Among Different

Social Groups

In a diverse country; like India; there are various social, linguistic and caste groups and power is shared among each group.

For example; people from the minority communities, OBCs, and SC & ST are given reservation so that there could be adequate representation for themin the government machinery. >>>> RESERVED SEATS

Indian Concept Of Community Government

Example Muslim League

Sharing Of Power Among Different *Political Parties *Pressure Groups

and *Movements

Usually the largest political party or the largest political coalition becomes the ruling party. The other parties form the opposition.

The Opposition Party has the power to look for the flaws of the ruling Party

Heads of various committees comes from various political parties; which is another way of sharing power among different political parties.

Among Political parties

Pressure groups are organizations that wants the Government to Act in a peculiar way according to their demands.

For example; the trade unions, ASSOCHAM, students’ union, etc. get some power by certain mechanisms.

 Representatives of these associations become part of many decision making bodies and thus enjoy their share of power.

Among Pressure Groups

Conclusions

NEED OF POWER SHARING

helps in reducing the conflict between various social groups.

Power sharing helps in avoiding the tyranny of majority.

People’s voice forms the basis of a democratic government. 

Avoiding conflict in society and preventing majority tyranny are considered as prudential reasons for power sharing. 

1.sharing of power leads to division of power which makes a country more weaker than it would be if power rested in one hand. 

2. It also leads to misunderstanding between the council of various organs. 

3. It also leads to a thinking that it pose a risk to nation's unity.

4. It also sometimes leads to conflict between two states, two districts or even two cities or locality. 

Disadvantages Of Power Sharing

This Presentation Was Submitted To:

Sabitha KS (Social Science)

A Presentation By:- Akhil Mohan Anna Abraham Eldhose Eldho Hariprasad P Venu

Thank You