sept 6 (biomolecules carbs nuc-acid)

Biology I: Introduction Biology I: Introduction to to

Bio-moleculesBio-molecules

Mr. NettlesMr. Nettles

Agenda-Tuesday, Sept. 6, Agenda-Tuesday, Sept. 6, 20112011

1.1.Warm-Up – 5 minWarm-Up – 5 min

2.2.Lesson – 30 minLesson – 30 min

3.3.Wrap-Up – 5 minWrap-Up – 5 min

4.4.Cell Projects (due Fri.) – 20 minCell Projects (due Fri.) – 20 min

Today’s ObjectivesToday’s Objectives

• I will identify and distinguish between I will identify and distinguish between the four major groups of bio (organic) the four major groups of bio (organic) molecules.molecules.

• I will define the words: monomer and I will define the words: monomer and polymer.polymer.

• I will articulate five key things about I will articulate five key things about carbohydrates and nucleic acids.carbohydrates and nucleic acids.

Warm-UpWarm-Up

1.1. What organelle is responsible for What organelle is responsible for producing energy within a cell?producing energy within a cell?

2.2. What plant cell organelle uses sunlight What plant cell organelle uses sunlight to make cellular food and store energy?to make cellular food and store energy?

3.3. What animal cell organelle helps transfer What animal cell organelle helps transfer chromosomes during Meiosis and chromosomes during Meiosis and Mitosis?Mitosis?

Bio (organic):

Molecules:

Has to do with life

Makes up everything

Bio (organic) molecules make up EVERYTHING in a cell

Organic molecules Organic molecules areare polymerspolymers

MonomerMono: onemer: molecule

Monomer: one part that makes up a polymer

Polymer Poly: manymer: molecule

Polymer: a large molecule made of many repeating parts

Think!Think!

• What is something you see everyday What is something you see everyday that is made of many repeating that is made of many repeating parts?parts?

Monomer or Polymer?Monomer or Polymer?

A single partA single part

Many repeating partsMany repeating parts

There are 4 major groups There are 4 major groups of bio (organic) molecules: of bio (organic) molecules: carbohydrates, nucleic carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins & lipidsacids, proteins & lipids

For each (bio) organic For each (bio) organic molecule, you NEED to know 5 molecule, you NEED to know 5 things!things!

1. AKA (other names): other names it can be called

2. Monomer: name of the monomer

3. Purpose: job in our bodies

4. Examples: things that are that organic molecule

5. Related organelles: what organelle it has to do with

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

• AKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, AKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucoseglucose

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

• AKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucoseAKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucose

• Monomer: MonosaccharideMonomer: Monosaccharide

(simple sugar)(simple sugar)

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

• AKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucoseAKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucose

• Monomer: Monosaccharide (simple Monomer: Monosaccharide (simple sugar)sugar)

• Purpose: store energyPurpose: store energy

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

• AKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucoseAKA: Sugar, polysaccharide, glucose

• Monomer: MonosaccharideMonomer: Monosaccharide

• Purpose: Storage of energy and Purpose: Storage of energy and provide structureprovide structure

• Examples: starch, cellulose, Examples: starch, cellulose, glucose (suffix ‘ose’)glucose (suffix ‘ose’)

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

•Related organelles:Related organelles:

-Mitochondria: uses carbohydrates (sugar) to make energy

-Chloroplast: uses CO2 and sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugar)

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesThink!Think!

• What are the monomers of What are the monomers of carbohydrates called?carbohydrates called?

• Give one example of a carbohydrate.Give one example of a carbohydrate.

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

• AKA: DNA, RNAAKA: DNA, RNANucleic acid

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

• AKA: DNA, RNAAKA: DNA, RNA

• Monomer: NucleotideMonomer: Nucleotide

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

• AKA: DNA, RNAAKA: DNA, RNA

• Monomer: NucleotideMonomer: Nucleotide

• Purpose: carry genetic Purpose: carry genetic informationinformation

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

• AKA: DNA, RNAAKA: DNA, RNA

• Monomer: NucleotideMonomer: Nucleotide

• Purpose: carry genetic informationPurpose: carry genetic information

• Examples: DNA, RNAExamples: DNA, RNA

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

• Related organelles:Related organelles:

-Nucleus: stores DNA

Nucleic AcidsNucleic AcidsThink!Think!

• What are the monomers of nucleic What are the monomers of nucleic acids called?acids called?

• Give one example of a nucleic acid.Give one example of a nucleic acid.

Carbohydrates, Nucleic Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids or neither?Acids or neither?

Amino AcidsAmino Acids

MonosaccharidesMonosaccharides

Does the work of the cell Does the work of the cell (makes and stores energy)(makes and stores energy)

StarchStarch

Carry genetic informationCarry genetic information

NucleotidesNucleotides

GlucoseGlucose

DNA and RNADNA and RNA

Fats and OilsFats and Oils

Energy StorageEnergy Storage

Wrap-UpWrap-Up

1.1. Give two examples of nucleic acids.Give two examples of nucleic acids.

2.2.What is the difference between a What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?monomer and a polymer?

3.3.Starch and glucose are examples of Starch and glucose are examples of _________._________.