section 1.docx
Post on 04-Mar-2016
10 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 1/46
Section 1
(a) Who was Tipu Sultan? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
Son o! &aider 'li o! sore* oth o! whom resisted +ritish rule. Tipu recei"ed
support !rom the ,rench and the +ritish were concerned aout this. &e was known
as the Ti$er o! sore and ruled there !rom 1-2 to 1-//. &e won important
"ictories a$ainst the +ritish in the Second 'n$lo0sore War* and ne$otiated the
1-4 Treat o! an$alore with them a!ter his !ather died the pre"ious ear. &is
treatment o! his conuered non0uslim suects and +ritish prisoners o! war is
contro"ersial. &e remained an enem o! the +ritish* rin$in$ them into renewed
con3ict with an attack on Tra"ancore in 1-/. n the Third 'n$lo0sore War* Tipu
was !orced into a humiliatin$ treat* losin$ a numer o! pre"iousl conuered
territories* includin$ alaar and an$alore. n the ,ourth 'n$lo0sore War* thecomined !orces o! the +ritish and the 5i6am o! &deraad de!eated Tipu and he
was killed on 4 a 1-//* while de!endin$ his !ort o! Sriran$apatna.
() Wh was 7rdu chosen as the national lan$ua$e in 8akistan in 1/4-?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1]
t was the est lan$ua$e.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4]
t>s understood all 8akistanis.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-]
t carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis since it has een considered to e
the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was the lan$ua$e associated with the
8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with the +ritish and the &indus. '!ter
ndependence* it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was the unitin$ !orce ehind the nation
and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ it at all le"els in societ.
(c) Was the attempt to achie"e a etter understandin$ with the +ritish the most
important contriution that Sir Sed 'hmad Chan made to the uslim cause durin$
the nineteenth centur? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2]
Sir Sed helped the uslims.
9:;:9 2% DescriptionEidenti<cation o! reasons [=F]
&e wrote a numer o! ooks and opened a school and uni"ersit.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 2/46
9:;:9 % :@plains the attempt to achie"e a etter understandin$ GR other
contriutions [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the attempt to achie"e a etter understandin$ '5D other
contriutions [/=1]
&e su$$ested that the +ritish should tr to understand uslims etter. &e $a"e an
e@planation o! the word H5adarath> in an attempt to remo"e the misunderstandin$
o! the +ritish aout the uslims. &e elie"ed that relations with the +ritish could e
impro"ed impro"in$ the understandin$ o! #hristianit uslims. &e tried to
o"ercome this writin$ Tain0ul0Calam* in which he pointed out the similarities
etween slam and #hristianit. &e wrote a numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o!
ndependence in which he tried to show the +ritish that the uslims were onl
partl to lame and that there were man who were supporters o! the +ritish
$o"ernment. &e was also aware that the +ritish knew little aout slam and was
oIended a ook he read in +ritain on the li!e o! the 8rophet and* as a result* he
wrote his own work correctin$ the man errors he had read. &owe"er* hecontriuted man other thin$s. Sir Sed wanted democratic ri$hts in ndia ut
elie"ed that this would onl disad"anta$e uslims since &indus were in the
maorit and would win all the elections. &e there!ore !elt that the +ritish should
treat the uslims and &indus diIerentl since the li"ed separate and diIerent li"es
!rom one another and so were reall like separate nations. Sir Sed was the <rst
person to e@press this point o! "iew and it ecame known as the Two 5ation Theor
that $a"e hope to uslims o! a separate homeland. &e attempted to impro"e the
position o! uslims throu$h education. n 1F he !ounded the Scienti<c Societ at
Jha6ipore. &e wanted to make scienti<c writin$s a"ailale to uslims translatin$
them !rom :n$lish into 7rdu. &e estalished a uslim colle$e which led to the
uslim0'n$lo Griental #olle$e in 1-F. This ecame the 7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which
ecame important in 8akistani histor as pro"idin$ an education !or man o! its
!uture leaders.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
KuneEma 2B14
1 (a) The authorit o! the u$hal emperors was declinin$ the end o! 'uran$6e>s
rei$n in 1-B-. The &indus were unhapp with aspects o! his rei$n and a!ter his
death* e$an to e@ercise $reater control o"er parts o! the su0continent. 's a result
uslim power and in3uence o"er ndia* which had een so stron$* e$an todisinte$rate. an uslims e$an to !eel stron$l aout re"i"in$ slam includin$
&ai Shariat 7llah.
Descrie the achie"ements o! &ai Shariat 7llah in re"i"in$ slam. [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 3/46
Dar07l0&ar = miserale condition o! uslims* had mo"ed awa !rom slamic
practices and so wanted them to oser"e them a$ain = !arai6. &e wanted to restore
pride o! uslims* remo"e &indu practices in worship* emphasis on prain$ !or past
sins* promisin$ to lead a ri$hteous li!e in !uture* alarmed &indus* work carried on
son. Work carried on in :ast +en$al amon$st uslims who had een oppressed
&indus and +ritish. Supported ihad.
() :@plain wh the :ast ndia #ompan ecame in"ol"ed in the su0continent
durin$ the se"enteenth centur.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1]
The were interested in the countr
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4]
To trade and e@tend their sphere o! in3uence in the :ast
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A0-]
Traders reported e"idence o! immense wealth in the su0#ontinent* which led to the
:# estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there since the saw a pro<tale !uture in the trade
o! spices* cotton and silk. t also wanted to estalish its in3uence in the su0
#ontinent and to oust the Dutch and 8ortu$uese* especiall since the :ast ndies
was alread out o! reach with the Dutch in control o! the Spice trade. The :# also
wanted to estalish a strate$ic port in the su0continent that would protect its
tradin$ interests there and the warm waters were especiall attracti"e to all ear
tradin$.
(c) Was the introduction o! the HDoctrine o! 9apse> in 1A2 the most important
reason !or the War o! ndependence in 1A-? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2]
The War was the !ault o! the +ritish
9:;:9 2% Description o!
E
identi<es reasons [=F]
The Doctrine o! 9apse occurred when an local kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct heir was
to e taken o"er the +ritish.
' new ri3e cartrid$e* which was coated in oth cow and pi$ !at* was introduced.
9:;:9 % :@plains Doctrine o! 9apse or other reasons [-=1B]
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 4/46
9:;:9 4% :@plains Doctrine o! lapse and other reasons [/=1]
The Doctrine o! 9apse* under which an local kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct heir was
to e taken o"er the +ritish* had een introduced without an consultation or
care !or local !eelin$. t caused $reat unrest. Gther re!orms had also een
introduced similarl. The replacement o! 8ersian and Sanskrit :n$lish as theoLcial lan$ua$e in 12 deepl upset oth the uslims and &indus who were
concerned aout the loss o! their culture throu$h a chan$e o! lan$ua$e. ' numer
o! social re!orms had een imposed without consultation or care !or local !eelin$
which also caused unrest. ndians had to send their children to coeducational
schools and were !orced to aandon purdah* which a$ain was seen as a threat to
their culture. The +ritish introduced a new cartrid$e* which was coated in oth cow
and pi$ !at. +ecause the soldiers had to chew the !at it caused $reat resentment
since the uslims !orade pi$ !at and the cow was a sacred animal in the ees o!
the &indus.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 0 also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
Kunema 2B1
1 (a) The u$hal :mpire took 1AB ears !rom the death o! 'uran$6e in 1-B- to
reak up. &is empire was !acin$ diLculties at the time o! his death and !ollowin$
this* the tensions and prolems onl $ot worse. The most serious challen$e to
u$hal authorit came !rom the arathas.
Descrie what the arathas did. [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to% 9i"ed in the Deccan* 'uran$6e
had !ailed to crush them* known !or skills as $uerrilla <$hters and de"otion to
&induism* 1-- de!eated a u$hal arm outside Delhi which the occupied in 1-FB*
de!eated '!$hans in 1-F1 at 8anipat.
() Wh ha"e re$ional lan$ua$es een promoted the 8akistan $o"ernment since
1/4-? 9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The are spoken in 8akistan 9:;:9 2%
denti<es reasons [2=4] To keep the lan$ua$es ali"e
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] t was !elt that the literature and work undertaken
authors in such areas as Sindh should e kept ali"e and so the $o"ernment set
up odies to promote it such as the Sindhi 9iterar +oard in 1/4. an lan$ua$es
ha"e plaed an important role in the histor o! the re$ion* e.$. 8ushto literature had
an important role in creatin$ opposition to +ritish rule and the mo"ement !or
independence. +alochi had little de"elopment e!ore 1/4- and its literature was in
decline. &owe"er the $o"ernment !elt that it should e kept ali"e and not lost
!ore"er. &ence the lan$ua$e was promoted.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 5/46
(c) Who o! the !ollowin$ was the most important in the spread o! slam durin$ the
se"enteenth and ei$hteenth centuries%
(i) Shah Wali 7llahM
(ii) Sed 'hmad Shaheed +arail"iM
(iii) &ai Shariat 7llah?
:@plain our answer with re!erence to all three o! the ao"e. 9:;:9 1% Simplistic
statement. [1=2] Shah Wali 7llah was a $reat scholar 9:;:9 2% Description o!
Shah Wali 7llah andEor others [=F] &ai Shariat 7llah estalished the ,arai6i
o"ement. Shah Wali 7llah tau$ht at the adrassa in Delhi* spent some time in
edina and wrote a numer o! ooks. Sed 'hmad Shaheed +arail"i was a !ollower
o! Shah 'dul '6i6 and !ounded the Kihad o"ement.
9:;:9 % :@plains the importance o! the work o! one person [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the importance o! the work o! 2 or more people. 'll !or ma@
marks [/=1] Shah Wali 7llah !elt that the uslims !aced man prolems
ecause o! their i$norance aout slam and the &ol Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to
concentrate on Nuranic teachin$s and helped them translatin$ the &ol Nuran
into 8ersian which was the main lan$ua$e o! the uslims at that time. &is ooks
were desi$ned to spread the principles o! slam amon$st the uslims. Sed 'hmad
Shaheed +arail"i spread slam throu$h the Kihad o"ement* which was to ecome
an armed stru$$le to lierate the 8una and the 5W, !rom Sikh rule lar$el
ecause uslims were anned !rom praer and had to under$o man humiliations*
which made it diLcult to practise their reli$ion. &ai Shariat 7llah spread slam
throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement which insisted that uslims should per!orm their
!arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This alarmed the &indu landlords who were unhapp
with the uslim practices. ' hu$e $roup o! !ollowers $rew which were called
H,arai6is>.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14
2 (a) ndians e$an to resent +ritish control o! the su0continent* and in 1A- the
+ritish !aced a serious challen$e to their control o! ndia. ,or the +ritish it was a
re"olt a$ainst their authorit ut to the ndians it was a re"olt to throw oI !orei$n
domination.
Descrie the e"ents o! the War o! ndependence* 1A-01A. [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
arch 1A- a sepo an$al 8ande e@ecuted* a sepos in eerut re!used to
touch cartrid$es* were imprisoned and roke out. eerut sacked and +ritish oLcers
killed. Soldiers marched on Delhi and captured it* re"olt spread and +ritish lost
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 6/46
control o! a numer o! towns (athura* Canpur* Khansi and 'llahaad). n Septemer
+ritish took Delhi ack* +ahadur Shah surrendered and his sons murdered*
9ucknow taken ack. Khansi held out until Rhani was killed in 1A.
() Wh was +ritain success!ul in maintainin$ its control o! the su0continent in
the ears 1-AB to 1AB? 9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The were etter<$hters 9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] The captured rich lands and had a
etter arm 9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] The attles o! 8lasse and +u@ar
$a"e the +ritish the "ast riches o! +en$al and !a"ourale tradin$ ri$hts with the
local nawas. This pro"ided massi"e new resources which +ritain could use to
consolidate its control. The +ritish also introduced $o"ernor0$enerals into the
pro"inces who administered them on +ritish lines and pro"ided et more control.
The +ritish arm usin$ its "ast local resources and superior weapons and skills were
increasin$l takin$ control o! more land.
(c) Was the Two 5ation Theor the most important contriution o! Sir Sed 'hmad
Chan? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] &e was important to uslims
9:;:9 2% Description o! elie!sEwritin$s &e wrote a numer o! ooks and opened a
school and uni"ersit [=F]
9:;:9 % :@plains the Two 5ation Theor or other contriutions [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the Two 5ation Theor and other contriutions [/=1] Sir Sed
wanted democratic ri$hts in ndia ut elie"ed that this would onl disad"anta$e
uslims since &indus were in the maorit and would win all the elections. &e
there!ore !elt that the +ritish should treat the uslims and &indus diIerentl since
the li"ed separate and diIerent li"es !rom one another and so were reall like
separate nations. Sir Sed was the <rst person to e@press this point o! "iew and it
ecame known as the Two 5ation Theor that $a"e hope to uslims o! a separate
homeland.
&owe"er he contriuted man other thin$s. &e attempted to impro"e the position o!
uslims throu$h education. n 1F he !ounded the Scienti<c Societ at Jha6ipore.
&e wanted to make scienti<c writin$s a"ailale to uslims translatin$ them !rom
:n$lish into 7rdu. &e estalished a uslim colle$e which led to the uslim0'n$lo
Griental #olle$e in 1-F. This ecame the 7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which ecame
important in 8akistani histor as pro"idin$ an education !or man o! its !uture
leaders. &e wrote a numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o! ndependence in which he
tried to show the +ritish that the uslims were onl partl to lame and that there
man who were supporters o! the +ritish $o"ernment. &e su$$ested that the +ritish
should tr to understand uslims etter. &e $a"e e@planation o! the word
>5adarath> in an attempt to remo"e the misunderstandin$ o! the +ritish aout the
uslims. &e elie"ed that relations with the +ritish could e impro"ed impro"in$
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 7/46
the understandin$ o! #hristianit uslims. &e tried to o"ercome this writin$
Tain0ul0Calam* in which he pointed out the similarities etween slam and
#hristianit. &e was also aware that the +ritish knew little aout slam and was
oIended a ook he read in +ritain on the li!e o! the 8rophet and as a result he
wrote his own work correctin$ the man errors he had read.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
S12
1 n 1-AF the ,rench encoura$ed the 5awa o! +en$al* Sira0ud0Daulah to attack the
:ast ndia #ompan>s ase at #alcutta. &e captured the cit ut was unale to keep
control o! it. Roert #li"e decided to $o to the cit with a !orce o! soldiers to re0take
it. This led to the attle o! 8lasse.
(a) Descrie the attle o! 8lasse.
[4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
1-A-* ,rench encoura$ed Sira0ud0Daulah to attack :# ase at #alcutta. #aptured
cit ut couldn>t keep hold o! it* #li"e arri"ed with :# soldiers and ried Ka!ar* one
o! Sira>s ke men. ade him 5awa o! +en$al as a reward !or turnin$ a$ainst Sira
who was de!eated #li"e. +od !ound in a ri"er a!ter attle. 's a result o! attle*
:# controlled trade in +en$al* #li"e made Jo"ernor o! +en$al.
() :@plain wh the u$hal :mpire declined !ollowin$ the rei$n o! 'uran$6e.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] t was 'uran$6e>s successors that were to
lame.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] 'uran$6e>s successors were weak. There was
no law o! succession.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] 'uran$6e>s successors ecame la6* weak and
corrupt and le!t the administration to their ministers who o!ten put their own
interests <rst. There was no law o! succession. nstead there was usuall a stru$$le
!or succession which ended in war. Succession o!ten depended upon the ailit o!
the candidates and the support the could $et. ,i$htin$ wars ecame e@pensi"e and
the militar was stretched and suIered much ineLcienc. The successors !ailed to
run the :mpire eIecti"el ecomin$ "er e@tra"a$ant and so suIered !rom <nancial
ineLciencies. The "astness o! the :mpire made it hard to de!end and as such
suIered se"eral in"asions. :"entuall the +ritish o"erran the :mpire and were
superior in such areas as militar mi$ht.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 8/46
(c) Was the $reased cartrid$e incident the most important cause o! the War o!
ndependence o! 1A-? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2] t was the most important reason
9:;:9 2% Description Eidenti<cation o! reasons [=F] ' new cartrid$e was
introduced the +ritish which was !olded in oth cow and pi$ !at. The cartrid$e
had to e un!olded chewin$ with teeth e!ore usin$ them in the $uns.
9:;:9 % :@plains the $reased cartrid$e incident GR other reasons [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the $reased cartrid$e incident '5D other reasons [/=1B] ' new
cartrid$e was introduced the +ritish which was coated in oth cow and pi$ !at.
+ecause the soldiers had to chew the !at caused $reat resentment since pi$ !at was
!oridden the uslims and the cow was a sacred animal in the ees o! the
&indus. &owe"er there were other reasons !or the War. The replacement o! 8ersian
and Sanskrit :n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e in 12 deepl upset oth the
uslims and &indus. n 1A2 the HDoctrine o! 9apse> was introduced and caused
$reat unrest ecause an local kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct male heir was taken
o"er the +ritish. ' numer o! social re!orms had een imposed without
consultation or care !or local !eelin$ which also caused unrest. ndians had to send
their children to co0educational schools and were !orced to aandon purdha.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
S11
1 + the end o! 'uran$6e>s rei$n the authorit o! the u$hal emperors was
declinin$. &indus were not happ with his rei$n and a!ter his death* uslim powerand in3uence o"er ndia* which had een so stron$* e$an to disinte$rate. 't this
time Shah Wali 7llah was $rowin$ up.
(a) Descrie the achie"ements o! Shah Wali 7llah in re"i"in$ slam. [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
8romoted his messa$e throu$h writin$s* translated the &ol Nuran into 8ersian (1)
which would enale more people read it(1)* emphasised traditional "alues o! their
!aith* stressed the importance o! !ollowin$ teachin$s o! Nuran* !uture de"elopments
uilt upon his teachin$s.
() :@plain wh +ritain was so success!ul in e@tendin$ its control o! the su0
continent etween 1-AB and 1AB. [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The were etter <$hters.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] The captured rich lands and had a etter arm.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 9/46
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] The attles o! 8lasse and +u@ar $a"e the +ritish
the "ast riches o! +en$al and !a"ourale tradin$ ri$hts with the local nawas. This
pro"ided massi"e new resources which +ritain could use to consolidate its control.
The +ritish also introduced $o"ernor0$enerals into the pro"inces who administered
them alon$ +ritish lines and pro"ided et more control. The +ritish arm* usin$ its
"ast local resources and superior weapons and skills* was increasin$l takin$ controlo! more land.
(c) HThe spread o! arathan power was the main reason !or the decline o! the
u$hal :mpire.> Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] The were &indus.
9:;:9 2% Description Eidenti<cation o! reasons [=F] 'uran$6e>s successors had a
decadent li!estle and the arathas were ale to de!eat the u$hal soldiers.
9:;:9 % :@plains one reason [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains more than one reason includin$ arathan power [/=1] There
were a numer o! reasons !or the :mpire>s decline. The arathas were skil!ul &indu
$uerrilla <$hters who de!eated a u$hal arm in 1-- and took control o! Delhi and
eastwards towards +en$al. + 1-FB the were the most power!ul people in ndia
and nothin$ could the u$hals do to stop it. &owe"er* there were other reasons !or
the decline. 'uran6e had an intolerant attitude to non0uslims. &e introduced a
ta@ on non0uslims called the Ki6a. &e destroed &indu temples and tried to an
&indu practices. Ta@ation was hi$h as he had to pa !or the cost o! militar
campai$ns such as the Deccan Wars and he spent hi$hl on lu@urious palaces.
+ecause o! these he ecame an unpopular rule. '!ter his death u$hal :mperors
were renowned !or li"in$ an e@tra"a$ant li!estle and spendin$ mone with little
thou$ht to the eIect it had on the econom o! the :mpire. This led to ineLciencies
and a lack o! interest in the runnin$ o! the :mpire. The asence o! a de<nite line o!
succession led to a si$ni<cant amount o! in0<$htin$ amon$st his successors* which
also led to instailit and the down!all o! the :mpire. The +ritish e@pansion into the
sucontinent was rapid and their !orces and euipment were no match !or the
u$hals* who !ell into rapid decline as a result.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
2 n 1A-* a numer o! sepos re!used to use the new cartrid$es at eerut* near
Delhi. The sepos were $i"en lon$ prison sentences and this led to a re"olt in which
their !ellow sepos marched on Delhi and massacred all the +ritish the could <nd.
Thin$s $ot worse !or the +ritish at Canpur.
(a) What happened at the attle o! Canpur? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 10/46
Troops oined re"olt* killed their oLcers* led 5ana Sahi* +ritish held out !or
weeks* then surrendered* soldiers and BB women and children slau$htered*
remainder kept as prisoners* rein!orcements arri"ed and prisoners killed* +ritish
carried out acts o! re"en$e* Sahi escaped.
() Wh did Sir Sed 'hmad Chan !ound the 'li$arh o"ement? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] &e was interested in the uslims.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] &e wanted to impro"e relations with the +ritish. &e
wanted to impro"e the position o! uslims.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] &e wanted to impro"e relations etween the
+ritish and uslims $ettin$ rid o! +ritish douts aout uslim loalt and uslim
douts aout the +ritish. &e also wanted to impro"e the social and economic
position o! uslims $ettin$ them to recei"e Western education and take up posts
in the ci"il ser"ice and arm. &e also wanted them to increase their political
awareness to make them aware o! the threat to !rom the &indu polic o!
cooperation with the +ritish.
(c) H8unai has een promoted more than an other 8akistani re$ional lan$ua$e
etween 1/4- and 1///.> Ji"e reasons wh ou mi$ht a$ree and disa$ree with this
statement. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] 8unai is a re$ional lan$ua$e.
9:;:9 2% Description o! lan$ua$es [=F] 8unai was a popular lan$ua$e amon$st
Su< poets. 8ushto is spoken in the 5W,8. Sindhi is the second maor lan$ua$e
spoken in 8akistan.
9:;:9 % :@plains promotion o! at least one lan$ua$e [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains promotion o! at least two lan$ua$es includin$ 8unai [/=1]
8unai is the local lan$ua$e o! the 8una. t was a popular lan$ua$e amon$st the
Su< poets who used it !or their romantic !olk poetr. These poems contriuted
$reatl to the popularit o! 8unai. '!ter ndependence* steps were taken !or the
promotion and de"elopment o! the lan$ua$e in other parts o! the pro"ince. The
Jo"ernment has ensured its de"elopment $i"in$ support to those institutions
who are usin$ it. Sindhi was written in Harwari> and H'r6 5a$ari> was o! writin$
which was suseuentl chan$ed into 'raic. '!ter ndependence* steps were takento promote the lan$ua$e e.$. the Sindhi 9iterar +oard was set up in 1/4 which
has printed man ooks and ma$a6ines in the lan$ua$e. 8ushto literature was
oosted a!ter ndependence since the poets had contriuted a $reat deal to the
!reedom stru$$le. The +aluchi lan$ua$e has also een promoted its
roadcastin$ on the radio. The estalishment o! the Nuetta Tele"ision Station has
also helped to promote it.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 11/46
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
S1B
1 With the slow crumlin$ o! the u$hal :mpire* the onl uestion le!t in the earl
ei$hteenth centur was who would pick up the pieces. ,ew oser"ers could ha"e
$uessed that the :ast ndia #ompan would ha"e plaed such a maor role.
(a) What was the :ast ndia #ompan? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
' tradin$ compan* #harter $ranted in 1FBB Nueen :li6aeth * landed at Surat
in 1FB* permission to trade in 1F12* headuarters mo"ed to +oma in 1FF4.
Jrew in power durin$ 1th #entur.
() Wh did Shah Wali 7llah ha"e such a maor in3uence on the re"i"al o! slam inthe su0continent? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement (1) &e was a well known <$ure.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons (2=4) &e stopped the uslim decline.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons (A=-) uslims had deteriorated into ein$ a helpless and
disor$anised $roup o! people and i! the were to re$ain their power then stron$
leadership was reuired. &e elie"ed the were i$norant aout slam and the
teachin$s o! the &ol Nuran. There!ore an emphasis on Nuranic teachin$s would
not onl impro"e their knowled$e ut produce a !eelin$ o! solidarit. &e also
elie"ed that uslims> knowled$e o! slam was diLcult to $ain and so he !elt that
translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian would enale more people read it. +ooks
written in3uenced the re"i"al o! slam (e@amples).
(c) Was a lack o! unit amon$st the ndians the main reason !or the !ailure o! the
War o! ndependence 1A-=1A? :@plain our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. (1=2) The +ritish were etter GR descries the war
andEor causes.
9:;:9 2% DescriptionEidenti<cation o! reasons (=F) The opposition to the +ritish was
too weak.
9:;:9 % :@plains one reason (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains more than one reason includin$ a lack o! unit (/=1) There was a
lack o! unit and common cause amon$st the ndian population. The 8una was
uninterested in helpin$ the reellion and actuall sent men and supplies to help the
+ritish. This also happened in Cashmir. The +ritish had more modern methods o!
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 12/46
<$htin$ and the arm was etter disciplined as well as ein$ supplied some o!
the local rulers.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
2 The election results o! 1/- created more prolems than the sol"ed. #on$ress
was ale to !orm a $o"ernment in most o! the pro"inces and e$an to e@ert control
o"er the minorities. The introduced the Wardha Scheme amon$st man other
re!orms.
(a) What was the Wardha Scheme? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
' asic education scheme* introduced Jandhi* made &indi the sole lan$ua$e*
remo"ed reli$ious education* made cotton spinnin$ hand a part o! curriculum.
Students e@pected to ow e!ore picture o! Jandhi.
() Wh was the Chila!at o"ement !ounded? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement (1) +ecause o! the ,irst World War GR e"ents or
!ailure o! o"ement.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons (2=4) The uslims thou$ht Turke would e split up.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons (A=-) uslims held the #aliphate o! Turke in hi$h re$ard
and were not prepared to see Turke split up a!ter the War and thus the #aliph
aolished. The e@pressed their "iews to the +ritish $o"ernment durin$ the War
who promised that no harm would e done to the #aliphate. '!ter the War ended
reports !rom :urope su$$ested that the +ritish and ,rench wanted to punish the
Turks !or their support o! the Jermans. 's a result the Chali!at o"ement was
!ounded.
(c) HThe uslim 9ea$ue was estalished in 1/BF ecause the &indus had their own
political part.> Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement (1=2) uslims wanted their own part.
9:;:9 2% DescriptionEidenti<cation o! reasons (=F) The &indus had the #on$ress
part which represented &indu "iews onl.
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors includin$ the &indu part (/=1) The #on$ress
was demandin$ that ndia should e treated as a cultural and political whole and
&indi should e declared the oLcial lan$ua$e. t was seen as an or$anisation which
would onl ad"ance &indu "iews. uslim ri$hts would not e ad"anced i! the
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 13/46
continued to rel on the ndian 5ational #on$ress. + not or$anisin$ a uslim
$roup the would continue to e disor$anised and disunited. The didn>t !eel that
had the same in3uence as #on$ress with the +ritish. 'lso the &indus were
e$innin$ to protest a$ainst the partition o! +en$al and the uslims saw this as a
si$n o! the in3uence the &indus had and the were worried aout their own
interests. :"en more worrin$ was the $rowth o! e@treme &indu nationalist $roupswho demanded that uslims e !orcil con"erted to &induism. There!ore a
numer o! prominent uslim leaders !ounded the uslim 9ea$ue.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
SB/
1 (a) (i) 5ame the ta@ on non0uslims introduced 'uran$6e that made him an
unpopular ruler. Ki6a. [1]
(ii) Who did Shah Wali 7llah stud under when he went to Saudi 'raia in 1-24?
Sheikh 'u Tahir in rahim. [1]
(iii) 5ame the '!$han $eneral that attacked Caul* 8eshawar and 9ahore in 1-4-.
'hmad Shah DurraniE'dali. [1]
(i") Where was Sed 'hmad Shaheed +arail"i orn in 1-F? Rae +areli* near
9ucknow. [1]
() :@plain wh the :ast ndia #ompan $ot in"ol"ed in the su0continent durin$
the se"enteenth centur.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. (1) The were interested in the countr.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. (2=4) To trade and e@tend their sphere o! in3uence in
the :ast.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons. (A=-) Traders reported e"idence o! immense wealth in
the su0#ontinent which led to the :# estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there since the
saw a pro<tale !uture. t also wanted to estalish its in3uence in the su0#ontinent
and to oust the Dutch and 8ortu$uese. The :# also wanted to estalish a strate$ic
port in the su0continent that would protect its tradin$ interests there.
(c) &as the promotion o! 7rdu een more success!ul than that o! an re$ional
lan$ua$e in 8akistan etween 1/4- and 1/? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. (1=2) 7rdu is spoken most people.
9:;:9 2% Description o! 7rdu andEor re$ional lan$ua$es. (=F) 7rdu is the national
lan$ua$e. 8ushto is spoken in the 5W,8. Sindhi is the second maor lan$ua$e
spoken in 8akistan.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 14/46
9:;:9 % :@plains promotion o! 7rdu GR re$ional lan$ua$e(s). (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains promotion o! more than one lan$ua$e* includin$ 7rdu. (/=1)
7rdu carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis since it has een considered to
e the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was the lan$ua$e associated with
the 8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with the +ritish and the &indus.'!ter ndependence it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was the unitin$ !orce ehind the
nation and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ at all le"els in societ.
8unai is the local lan$ua$e o! the 8una. t was a popular lan$ua$e amon$st the
Su< poets who used it !or their romantic !olk poetr. These poems contriuted
$reatl to the popularit o! 8unai. '!ter ndependence* steps were taken !or the
promotion and de"elopment o! the lan$ua$e in other parts o! the pro"ince. The
Jo"ernment ha"e ensured its de"elopment $i"in$ support to those institutions
who are usin$ it. Sindhi was written in Harwari> and H'r6 5a$ari> was o! writin$
which was suseuentl chan$ed into 'raic. '!ter ndependence* steps were
taken to promote the lan$ua$e e.$. the Sindhi 9iterar +oard was set up in 1/4which has printed man ooks and ma$a6ines in the lan$ua$e. 8ushto literature
was oosted a!ter ndependence since the poets had contriuted a $reat deal to the
!reedom stru$$le. The +aluchi lan$ua$e has also een promoted its
roadcastin$ on the radio. The estalishment o! the Nuetta Tele"ision Station has
also helped to promote it.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
2 (a) (i) Which ndian $eneral assisted the Rhani o! Khansi durin$ the War o!
ndependence? Tata Topee. [1]
(ii) Which position was added to that o! Jo"ernor0Jeneral a!ter the War o!
ndependence? ;icero. [1]
(iii) 5ame the 'ct o! 8arliament passed in 1- that placed strict controls on some
ndian newspapers. ;ernacular 'ct. [1]
(i") Which or$anisation su$$ested the !ormation o! a political od to represent the
"iews o! ndians in 1? ndian 'ssociation. [1]
() Wh was +ritain success!ul in increasin$ its control o! some parts o! the
sucontinent in the ears 1-AB to 1AB?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. (1) The were $ood <$hters.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. (2=4) The had more resources and etter0ualit
weapons.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons. (A=-) The +attles o! 8lasse and +u@ar $a"e the +ritish
the "ast riches o! +en$al and !a"ourale tradin$ ri$hts with the local nawas. This
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 15/46
pro"ided massi"e new resources which the +ritish could use to consolidate its
control. The +ritish also introduced $o"ernors0$eneral into the pro"inces who
administered them on +ritish lines and pro"ided et more control. The :ast ndia
#ompan arm* usin$ its "ast local resources and superior weapons and skills* was
increasin$l takin$ control o! more land. The ndian states were disunited politicall
and militaril = a situation o! which the +ritish took !ull ad"anta$e.
(c) Was the de"elopment o! a western education sstem the most important
contriution o! Sir Sed 'hmad Chan in de"elopin$ the cause o! uslims durin$ the
nineteenth centur? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. (1=2) Sir Sed was a $reat scholar.
9:;:9 2% Description o! elie!sEwritin$s. (=F) &e wrote a numer o! ooks and
opened a school and uni"ersit.
9:;:9 % :@plains G5: !actor. (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least TWG !actors* includin$ education. (/=1) &e attempted
to impro"e the position o! uslims throu$h education. n 1F he !ounded the
Scienti<c Societ at Jha6ipore. &e wanted to make scienti<c writin$s a"ailale to
uslims translatin$ them !rom :n$lish into 7rdu. &e estalished a uslim
colle$e which led to the uslim0'n$lo Griental #olle$e in 1-F. This ecame the
7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which ecame important in 8akistani histor as pro"idin$ an
education !or man o! its !uture leaders. &e also made a contriution in politics. &e
elie"ed that uslims would ne"er win an election ecause o! the maorit o! the
population was &indu. &e there!ore ad"ocated separate seats uslim and a
separate uslim electorate* which was the !orerunner o! the !uture demand !or a
separate uslim homeland. &e wrote a numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o!
ndependence in which he tried to show the +ritish that the uslims were onl
partl to lame and that there man who were supporters o! the +ritish
$o"ernment. &e su$$ested that the +ritish should tr to understand uslims etter.
&e e@plained H5adarath> in an attempt to remo"e +ritish misunderstandin$ o!
uslims.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
SB
O 7#9:S 2BB
1 (a) (i) Who in"aded the u$hal :mpire in 1-? 5adir Shah [1]
(ii) Where did the :ast ndia #ompan land in 1FB? Surat [1]
(iii) Where was a tradin$ post estalished in ndia in 1F/B? #alcutta [1]
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 16/46
(i") Who introduced the Doctrine o! 9apse in 14? Dalhousie [1]
(c) Was the work o! Sed 'hmad Shaheed +arail"i the most important !actor in the
re"i"al o! slam in the su0continent durin$ the se"enteenth and ei$hteenth
centuries? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement &e wanted to e a leader. (1=2)
9:;:9 2% Description o! S'S+ or other !actors S'S+ was a !ollower o! Shah 'dul
'6i6 and !ounded the Kihad o"ement. &e attacked Sikh !orces capturin$ 8eshawar.
&S7 estalished the ,arai6i o"ement. SW7 tau$ht at the adrassa in Delhi* spent
some time in edina and wrote a numer o! ooks. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains 1 !actor (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains 2 or more !actors (S'S+ to e included !or ma@ marks) S'S+
spread slam throu$h the Kihad o"ement* which was to ecome an armed stru$$le
to lierate the 8una and the 5W, !rom Sikh rule lar$el ecause uslims wereanned !rom praer and had diLculties practisin$ their reli$ion. SW7 !elt that the
uslims !aced man prolems ecause o! their i$norance aout slam and the &ol
Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to concentrate on Nuranic teachin$s and helped them
translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian which was the main lan$ua$e o! the
uslims at that time. &is ooks were desi$ned to spread the principles o! slam
amon$st the uslims. &S7 spread slam throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement which
insisted that uslims should per!orm their !arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This
alarmed some &indu landlords who were unhapp that workin$ time was ein$ lost.
' hu$e $roup o! !ollowers $rew which were called H,arai6is>. (/=1)
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
2 (a) (i) Who did the +ritish kill in Kune 1A durin$ the War o! ndependence?
9akshmiai* the Rhani o! Khansi [1]
(ii) What happened to +ahadur Shah a!ter the War o! ndependence? 9i!e
imprisonment [1]
(iii) 5ame the ournal that was the <rst to appear in the nineteenth centur* written
in Sindhi. Ta>alim 'lkhasha!0o0Tauheed [1]
(i") Whose work was the di"in$ !orce in the estalishment o! the slamia #ollle$e in
8eshawar? Sahi6ada 'dul Naum [1]
() Wh did Sir Sed 'hmad Chan wish to de"elop a etter understandin$ with the
+ritish !ollowin$ the War o! ndependence in 1A-?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement &e elie"ed in them. (1)
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 17/46
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons &e wanted see uslims prosper and impro"e their
conditions. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons ! the were to impro"e their poor status then the
uslims had to accept more +ritish ideas and take ad"anta$e o! +ritish education.
&e wanted to impro"e their social and economic conditions takin$ up posts in theci"il ser"ice and the arm. ! the didn>t do these thin$s then the would see others
prosper instead. (A=-)
(c) Hndian resistance to +ritish attempts to take control o! lands in the su0continent
was totall unsuccess!ul.> Do ou a$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement The +ritish imposed their will on the su0continent.
(1=2)
9:;:9 2% Description o! anne@ation or other !actors Gutlines the e"ents in +en$al*
the 8una* 5W,8 and Sindhi. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains successes GR !ailures (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains successes '5D !ailures Successes% power o! local 5awas earl
successes o! Tipu Sultan Ranit Sin$h ,ailures% stren$th o! +ritish arm e"entual
!ailure o! Tipu Sultan and Ranit Sin$h conuests o! +ritish a$ainst weaker
opposition (/=1)
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation (14)
() :@plain wh 7rdu was chosen as the national lan$ua$e o! 8akistan in 1/4-.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement t was !elt to e the est lan$ua$e. (1)
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons t>s the lan$ua$e o! uslims and understood all
8akistanis. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons t carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis since it
has een considered to e the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was the
lan$ua$e associated with the 8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with the
+ritish. '!ter ndependence it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was the unitin$ !orce
ehind the nation and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ at all le"els in societ.
(A=-)
SB-
1 (a) (i) Ji"e the name o! the 5awa o! +en$al* whose troops were de!eated at the
attle o! 8lasse in 1-A-. (ii) Who ecame the <rst Jo"ernor0Jeneral o! ndia in
1-2? (iii) Ji"e the name o! Shah 'dul Rahim>s son. (i") n which ear was the
attle o! +alakot?
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 18/46
(i) Sira0ud0Daulah [1]
(ii) Warren &astin$s [1]
(iii) Shah Wali 7llah [1]
(i") 11 [1]
() Wh did the ndian su0continent attract :uropean traders in the late si@teenth
and earl se"enteenth centuries?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The were interested in the countr.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [204] To trade and e@tend their sphere o! in3uence in
the :ast.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A0-] Traders reported e"idence o! immense wealth in the
su0#ontinent which led to the :# estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there since the saw
a pro<tale !uture. The :n$lish wanted to estalish their in3uence in the su0
#ontinent and to oust the Dutch and 8ortu$uese.
(c) HThe comin$ o! the +ritish was the main reason !or the decline o! the u$hal
:mpire>. Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [102] The +ritish in"aded ndia.
9:;:9 2% Description o! reasons !or decline [0F] The +ritish were too stron$.
9:;:9 % :@plains one !actor [-01B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors. The +ritish to e included !or ma@imum
marks [/01] The +ritish e@pansion into the su0continent was limited* ut their
!orces and euipment were no match !or the u$hals who !ell into rapid decline as
a result. &owe"er there were other reasons. The :mperors were renowned !or
li"in$ an e@tra"a$ant li!estle and spendin$ mone with little thou$ht to the eIect it
had on the econom o! the :mpire. This led to ineLciencies and a lack o! interest
in the runnin$ o! the :mpire. The asence o! a de<nite line o! succession led to a
si$ni<cant amount o! in0<$htin$ amon$st potential successors* which also led to
instailit and contriuted to the down!all o! the :mpire. Gther reasons included*
'uran$6e>s reli$ious polic* the e@pense o! <$htin$ the Deccan Wars* de$radation
o! the militar* militar ineLcienc* <nancial ineLciencies* "astness o! the :mpireand in"asions the 8ersians and '!$hans.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [/014]
2 (a) (i) n which cit was Sir Sed 'hmad Chan orn? (ii) What did the 7nited
8atriotic 'lliance ecome known as in 1/? (iii) Which re$ional lan$ua$e did the
ournal Ta>alim 'lkhasha!0o0Tauheed promote durin$ the nineteenth centur? (i")
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 19/46
Which or$anisation declared in 1/1 that its aim was Ha !orm o! sel!0$o"ernment
suitale !or ndia>?
(i) Delhi [1]
(ii) ohammaden De!ence 'ssociationE'lliance [1]
(iii) Sindhi [1]
(i") uslim 9ea$ue [1]
() Wh did the +ritish decide to re"erse the partition o! +en$al in 1/11?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The &indus didn>t like it.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [204] &indus wanted to protest and anned +ritish
$oods.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A0-] The &indus> oection to 8artition was so $reat thatit caused the +ritish to reconsider it. #on$ress opposed it holdin$ meetin$s and
there were mass rallies which put pressure on the +ritish $o"ernment. The
thou$ht it was a delierate attempt to Hdi"ide and rule> on the part o! the +ritish.
The &indus were so an$r that the attempted to assassinate 9ord into and
started their ocott o! +ritish $oods under the HSwadeshi o"ement>. There was
also an outreak o! terrorist acti"ities. ,urther 9ord #ur6on* ori$inator o! the idea*
was no lon$er "icero so a chan$e o! polic was easier.
(c) HThe estalishment o! :n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e o! the su0continent in
14 was the main reason !or the War o! ndependence o! 1A->. Do ou a$ree or
disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [102] t was resented.
9:;:9 2% Description o! :n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e or other !actors [0F]
:n$lish replaced 8ersian.
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor [-01B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two. :n$lish to e e@plained !or ma@imum marks [/01]
The replacement o! 8ersian and Sanskrit :n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e in the
1Bs deepl upset oth the uslims and &indus. ' numer o! social re!orms hadeen imposed the +ritish without consultation or care !or local !eelin$ which
caused much unrest. ndians had to send their children to co0educational schools
which was hated since it appeared to impose the +ritish sstem on the ndians
without due re$ard to their reli$ious and cultural !eelin$s. The were also !orced to
aandon purdha which had een an ndian custom !or centuries. The HDoctrine o!
9apse> was $raduall introduced* especiall under Dalhousie* and caused $reat
unrest ecause an local kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct male heir was taken o"er
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 20/46
the +ritish. ' new musket cartrid$e was introduced the +ritish which was coated
in oth cow and pi$ !at. +ecause the soldiers had to chew the !at caused $reat
resentment since pi$ !at was !oridden to the uslims and the cow was a sacred
animal in the ees o! the &indus.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
SBF
Nuestion 1 (a) (i) n which ear did Shah Wali 7llah return to Delhi !rom his
pil$rima$e to 'raia? (ii) Who led the 8athan militar !orce that Sed 'hmad
Shaheed +arail"i oined !ollowin$ his $raduation !rom the adrassa in Delhi? (iii)
Who wrote 'thar0ul0Sanadeed in 14F? (i") To where was +ahadur Shah e@iled in
1A-? (i) 1-2 [1] (ii) 'mir Chan [1] (iii) Sir Sed 'hmad Chan [1] (i") Ran$oon
(+urma) [1] () :@plain wh the u$hal :mpire declined !ollowin$ the rei$n o!
'uran$6e. 9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement
'uran$6e was to lame
[1]
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons
'uran$6e>s successors were weak. There was no law o! succession.
[204]
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons
'uran$6e>s successors ecame la6* weak and corrupt and le!t the administration
to their ministers who o!ten put their own interests <rst. There was no law o!
succession. nstead there was usuall a stru$$le !or succession which ended in war.
Succession o!ten depended upon the ailit o! the candidates and the support the
could $et. ,i$htin$ wars ecame e@pensi"e and the militar was stretched and
suIered much ineLcienc. The successors !ailed to run the :mpire eIecti"el
ecomin$ "er e@tra"a$ant and so suIered !rom <nancial ineLciencies. The
"astness o! the :mpire made it hard to de!end and as such suIered se"eral
in"asions. :"entuall the +ritish o"erran the :mpire and were superior in such areas
as militar mi$ht.
[A0-]
(+awa pa$es AF0A/* Cell pa$es 1101)
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement.
8ushto is a re$ional lan$ua$e
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 21/46
[102]
9:;:9 2% Description o! re$ional lan$ua$es andEor 7rdu
8ushto is spoken in the 5W,8. Sindhi is the second maor lan$ua$e spoken in
8akistan.
[0F]
9:;:9 % :@plains promotion o! re$ional lan$ua$es GR 7rdu
[-01B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains oth
8unai is the local lan$ua$e o! the 8una. t was a popular lan$ua$e amon$st the
Su< poets who used it !or their romantic !olk poetr. These poems contriuted
$reatl to the popularit o! 8unai. '!ter ndependence* steps were taken !or the
promotion and de"elopment o! the lan$ua$e in other parts o! the pro"ince. The
Jo"ernment ha"e ensured its de"elopment $i"in$ support to those institutions
who are usin$ it. Sindhi was written in Harwari> and H'r6 5a$ari> was o! writin$
which was suseuentl chan$ed into 'raic. '!ter ndependence* steps were taken
to promote the lan$ua$e e.$. the Sindhi 9iterar +oard was set up in 1/4 which
has printed man ooks and ma$a6ines in the lan$ua$e. 8ushto literature was
oosted a!ter ndependence since the poets had contriuted a $reat deal to the
!reedom stru$$le. The +aluchi lan$ua$e has also een promoted its roadcastin$
on the radio. The estalishment o! the Nuetta Tele"ision Station has also helped to
promote it.
7rdu carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis since it has een considered to
e the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was the lan$ua$e associated with
the 8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with the +ritish and the &indus.
'!ter ndependence it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was the unitin$ !orce ehind the
nation and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ at all le"els in societ.
[/01]
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 0 also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
1 (a) (i) Which u$hal prince succeeded 'uran$6e and took the title H+ahadur
Shah>? ua66um 1
(ii) n which ear was 9ahore captured the 8ersians? 1-/
1
(iii) Who wrote the te@t H,atwa0i0'lam$iri>? Shah 'dul Rahim 1 (i") Who
captured 8eshawar in 1B? Sed 'hmed +arel"i 1 () :@plain wh the :ast
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 22/46
ndia #ompan ecame in"ol"ed in the ndian sucontinent durin$ the se"enteenth
centur.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement
The wanted to e@pand there
1
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons or descries the role o! the :#
To trade and e@tend their sphere o! in3uence in the :ast
204
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons
Traders reported e"idence o! immense wealth in the su#ontinent which led to the
#ompan estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there since the saw a pro<tale !uture. The:n$lish wanted to estalish its in3uence in the su0#ontinent and to oust the Dutch
and 8ortu$uese
(c) Was the attempt to achie"e a etter understandin$ with the +ritish the most
important contriution that Sir Sed 'hmed Chan made to the uslim cause durin$
the nineteenth centur?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement
Sir Sed was a $reat scholar and helped the uslims
102
9:;:9 2% Description o! his career in $eneral terms
&e wrote a numer o! ooks and opened a school and uni"ersit
0F
9:;:9 % :@plains one !actor
-01B
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors (etter understandin$ to e included !orma@imum marks)
&e wrote a numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o! ndependence in which he tried to
show the +ritish that the uslims were onl partl to lame and that there man
who were supporters o! the +ritish $o"ernment. &e su$$ested that the +ritish
should tr to understand uslims etter. &e $a"e e@planation o! the word
>5adarath> in an attempt to remo"e the misunderstandin$ o! the +ritish aout the
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 23/46
uslims. &e also attempted to impro"e the position o! uslims throu$h education.
&e estalished a uslim colle$e which led to the uslim0'n$lo Griental #olle$e in
1-F . This ecame the 7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which ecame important in 8akistani
histor as pro"idin$ an education !or man o! its !uture leaders. n politics he
elie"ed that uslims would ne"er win an election ecause o! the &indu maorit
population. &e there!ore ad"ocated separate seats and a separate electorate whichwas the !orerunner o! the !uture demand !or a separate homeland
/01
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 0 also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. 14
O #amrid$e nternational :@aminations 2B14
1 't <rst the :ast ndia #ompan had a neutral point o! "iew towards reli$ion in
ndia. &owe"er* with the work o! missionaries in the su0continent* the #hristian!aith o! +ritish people li"in$ in ndia was stren$thened. 's a result people ecame
more intolerant o! ndian traditions and eha"iour and the +ritish e$an to impose
chan$es on the wa ndians li"ed* which caused resentment and an@iet.
(a) What was suttee? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
' &indu tradition* ritual urnin$ o! widows on !uneral pre o! husands. +ritish
tended to i$nore the practice ecause o! the !ear o! oIendin$ hi$h0caste &indusser"in$ in the +ritish arm and ci"il ser"ice. n 11 stated it was "oluntar and
would onl e anned i! &indu reli$ion opposed it* the widow was under 1F or
into@icated or pre$nant. 8ractice outlawed :# in +en$al in 12/ and later in rest
o! ndia Jo"ernor Jeneral 9ord +entinck. Suttee remained le$al in some princel
states. solated instances occurred in 2Bth centur.
() Wh did Sir Sed 'hmad Chan tr to impro"e relations etween the uslims
and the +ritish?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] &e elie"ed in them.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] &e wanted to see uslims prosper and impro"e
their conditions.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] ! the were to impro"e their poor status* then
the uslims had to accept more +ritish ideas and take ad"anta$e o! +ritish
education. &e wanted to impro"e their social and economic conditions takin$ up
posts in the ci"il ser"ice and the arm. ! the didn>t do these thin$s* then the
would see the &indus prosper at their e@pense.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 24/46
(c) PThe stren$th o! the +ritish arm was the sole reason !or the !ailure o! the War o!
ndependence 1A.Q Do ou a$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] The +ritish were etter.
9:;:9 2% Description o!Eidenti<es reasons [=F] The opposition to the +ritish was
too weak.
9:;:9 % :@plains the stren$th o! the +ritish or other reasons [-=1B] 9:;:9 4%
:@plains the stren$th o! the +ritish and other reasons [/=1] The +ritish had more
modern methods o! <$htin$ and the arm was etter disciplined as well as ein$
supplied some o! the local rulers. The +ritish were also skilled diplomats so the
were ale to keep other areas o! ndia under their control.
There was also a lack o! unit and common cause amon$st the ndian population.
The 8una was uninterested in helpin$ the reellion and actuall sent men and
supplies to help the +ritish. Some o! the ndian princes were onl interested in
restorin$ their own powers and this o!ten depended upon the support o! the +ritish.
This e@plains wh the ruler o! Cashmir sent troops to help the +ritish. uslims were
more likel to oppose the +ritish in the war ut there was no sense o! unit with
Sikhs and &indus who were less likel to support them in their cause. 'lthou$h
there were a series o! uprisin$s a$ainst the +ritish* the ndians lacked coordination
and stren$th in depth. 's a result the were o"ercome the +ritish.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
1 '!ter ndependence* 7rdu ecame the national lan$ua$e as it was a uni!in$ !orce
in the new countr. t was seen as the link lan$ua$e !or all the pro"inces to pro"ide
!or the cultural and educational needs o! the people. &owe"er* it was also
reco$nised that re$ional lan$ua$es had an important role to pla in the newl
!ormed countr. Gne o! these was Sindhi.
(a) &ow has 8akistan promoted the de"elopment o! Sindhi since 1/4-?
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
Joes ack to 12th #entur* 1/4 Sindhi 9iterar +oard set up. ,olk literature ooks
written* 1/A4 +a6m0e0Tali0ul0uala set up* Sarmast academ estalished in
memor o! Sachal Sarmast* Sindhiolo$ department set up at Sindh 7ni"ersit Kamshoro. '!ter riots o! 1/-2 $o"ernment $uaranteed special importance o! the
lan$ua$e.
() &ow did the successors o! 'uran$6e contriute to the down!all o! the u$hal
:mpire?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The were up to no $ood.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 25/46
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] 'uran$6e>s successors were weak. There was
no law o! succession.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] 'uran$6e>s successors ecame la6* weak and
corrupt and le!t the administration to their ministers who o!ten put their own
interests <rst. 's a result the :mpire was adl ruled. There was no law o!succession. nstead there was usuall a stru$$le !or succession which ended in war.
Succession o!ten depended upon the ailit o! the candidates and the support the
could $et. 's a result the :mpire suIered. ,i$htin$ wars ecame e@pensi"e and the
militar was stretched and suIered much ineLcienc especiall as the successors
were "er e@tra"a$ant and so suIered !rom <nancial ineLciencies which aIected
their ailit to de!end the :mpire.
(c) Was the ndustrial Re"olution in +ritain the most important reason wh the
+ritish were ale to take control o! ndia etween 1-AB and 1AB? :@plain our
answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] The +ritish imposed their will on the su0
continent.
9:;:9 2% Description o!Eidenti<es reasons [=F] The ndustrial Re"olution
pro"ided $uns !or the +ritish arm.
9:;:9 % :@plains the ndustrial Re"olution or other reasons [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the ndustrial Re"olution and other reasons [/=1] The ndustrial
Re"olution pro"ided "ast wealth ad pro<t ut depended upon the import o! raw
materials. Raw cotton was imported !rom ndia and no imports o! <nished cotton
$oods were allowed. This had a terrile eIect on the cotton industr in ndia and as
a result it collapsed. +ritain now controlled the cotton trade makin$ "ast pro<ts ut
none was in"ested in ndia. ' network o! roads and later railwas ser"ed to rein!orce
+ritain>s control o! ndia which was essential to assist trade and control the land.
n order to !urther rein!orce its control* +ritain estalished an administrati"e sstem
that took o"er all duties and responsiilities o! the :ast ndia #ompan and imposed
$o"ernment control throu$h an eLcient administrati"e sstem* that !eatured such
personalities as 9ord Wellesle* Roert #li"e and Warren &astin$s as Jo"ernors
Jenerals* who throu$h their administrati"e skills were !urther ale to e@ert $reater
control o! ndia.
The conuest o! lar$e areas o! ndia !urther stren$thened +ritish control o! ndia.
ndia was not a united nation and the +ritish arm did not meet much resistance.
The manu!acture o! weapons in +ritain aided this control. #andidates ma also
consider such !actors as education* reli$ious and social re!orms durin$ this time* the
Doctrine o! 9apse etc. &owe"er an o! these !actors must relate to the notion o!
control as in the uestion* in order to reach le"el or 4.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 26/46
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
2 Sir Sed 'hmad Chan decided to chan$e uslim attitudes towards recei"in$ a
+ritish education. &e tra"elled to :n$land to stud the uni"ersit sstem there. &e
elie"ed in settin$ up a uni"ersit !or uslims in the sucontinent and was
impressed the uni"ersities o! G@!ord and #amrid$e. &owe"er* on his returnhome he !ound that his plans were met with suspicion !rom some people.
5e"ertheless he wanted to pursue the idea o! pro"idin$ etter education !or
uslims.
(a) What was the ohammaden 'n$lo0Griental School?
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
Set up in 1-A on a 24th in 'li$arh on pattern o! :n$lish pulic school sstem.
The +ritish re!used to allow it to e aLliated with a uslim uni"ersit outside +ritish
territor so it couldn>t ecome the uslim uni"ersit that Sir Sed wanted. The
school oIered western some slamic and ndian education and ecame a smol o!
uslim unit. an o! !uture 8akistan leaders educated there e.$. 9iauat 'li Chan
and 'u Chan.
() Wh did the War o! ndependence !ail to meet its aims in 1A-?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The ndians lost the war.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] The opposition to the +ritish was too weak.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] There was a lack o! unit and common causeamon$st the ndian population. The 8una was uninterested in helpin$ the reellion
and actuall sent men and supplies to help the +ritish. This also happened in
Cashmir. The +ritish had more modern methods o! <$htin$ and the arm was etter
disciplined as well as ein$ supplied some o! the local rulers.
(c) Was the need !or their own political part the most important reason wh the
uslim 9ea$ue was estalished in 1/BF? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2] The needed their own part.
9:;:9 2% DescriptionEidenti<cation o! reasons [=F] The &indus had the #on$ress
part which represented &indu "iews onl.
9:;:9 % :@plains the need !or own part or other reasons [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains the need !or own part and other reasons [/=1] uslims were
increasin$l aware that their political ri$hts would not e ad"anced i! the
continued to rel on the ndian 5ational #on$ress. + not or$anisin$ a uslim $roup
the would continue to e disor$anised and disunited. t was also set up ecause o!
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 27/46
the $rowth o! a etter understandin$ etween the +ritish and uslims that was
re3ected in the Simla Declaration in 1/BA. n 1/BA a new 9ieral $o"ernment had
taken oLce that seemed likel to make chan$es in political representation and
uslims !elt that the needed their own political part. The #on$ress was
demandin$ that ndia should e treated as a cultural and political whole and &indi
should e declared the oLcial lan$ua$e. t was seen as an or$anisation which wouldonl ad"ance &indu "iews. The did not !eel that had the same in3uence as
#on$ress with the +ritish. 'lso the &indus were e$innin$ to protest a$ainst the
partition o! +en$al and the uslims saw this as a si$n o! the in3uence the &indus
had and the were worried aout their own interests. :"en more worrin$ was the
$rowth o! e@treme &indu nationalist $roups who demanded that uslims e !orcil
con"erted to &induism. There!ore a numer o! prominent uslim leaders !ounded
the uslim 9ea$ue.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
1 Sir Sed 'hmad Chan was determined to impro"e the status o! uslims. &e had adesire to re0estalish $ood relations with the +ritish which* he hoped would lead to
$reater opportunities !or uslims. &e also elie"ed that uslims should ha"e $ood
relations with &indus. &owe"er* he was concerned aout the H&indu07rdu
#ontro"ers.>
(a) Descrie the H&indu07rdu #ontro"ers.> [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
1F-* &indus demanded &indi e the oLcial lan$ua$e instead o! 7rdu* Sir Sed and
uslims shocked at attack on 7rdu as it had a special meanin$ to them. :"en &indumemers o! his Scienti<c Societ wanted their ournal pulished in &indi. Jrowin$
elie! that &indus workin$ a$ainst the interests o! uslims and led to his Two 5ation
Theor.
() Wh did the ndian su0continent attract the +ritish in the earl se"enteenth
centur? 9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] The were interested in the countr.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] To trade and e@tend their sphere o! in3uence in
the :ast.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] Reports o! immense wealth in the su0continent
led to the +ritish estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there as the saw a pro<tale !uture*especiall in cotton* silk and su$ar. The wanted to estalish its in3uence in the
su0continent and to oust the Dutch and 8ortu$uese. The also wanted to estalish
a strate$ic port in the su0continent that would protect its tradin$ interests there
and in the ,ar :ast. The also !ound diLcult in reakin$ into the spice trade in the
:ast ndies due to Dutch dominance and so ndia was a $ood alternati"e.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 28/46
(c) &ow success!ul was ndian resistance to +ritish attempts to take control o! lands
in the su0continent etween 1-AB and 1AB? :@plain our answer. 9:;:9 1%
Simplistic statement. [1=2] The +ritish imposed their will on the su0continent.
9:;:9 2% Description o! anne@ation [=F] Gutlines the e"ents in +en$al* the 8una*
5W,8 and Sindhi. 9:;:9 % :@plains successes GR !ailures [-=1B] 9:;:9 4%
:@plains successes '5D !ailures [/=1]
Successes% power o! local 5awas earl successes o! Tipu Sultan Ranit Sin$h
,ailures% stren$th o! +ritish arm e"entual !ailure o! Tipu Sultan and Ranit Sin$h
conuests o! +ritish a$ainst weaker opposition 9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also
produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
2 9an$ua$e is e@tremel important in the de"elopment o! an nation. ' common
lan$ua$e helps to uild a shared understandin$ o! what a nation elie"es in. 7rdu
ecame the national lan$ua$e o! 8akistan ut* due to the di"ersit o! lan$ua$es and
culture across the countr* man re$ional lan$ua$es ha"e een promoted the
$o"ernment. Gne o! these is 8unai.
(a) &ow has the 8akistan $o"ernment promoted the de"elopment o! 8unai? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
8unai is the local lan$ua$e o! the 8una. t was a popular lan$ua$e amon$st the
Su< poets who used it !or their romantic !olk poetr0 contriuted to the popularit o!
8unai. '!ter ndependence* steps were taken !or the promotion and de"elopment
o! the lan$ua$e in other parts o! the pro"ince. The Jo"ernment ha"e ensured its
de"elopment $i"in$ support to those institutions that are usin$ it. Radio* T; and
<lm promotin$ classical and !olk literature as a result. 8unai theatre popular.
() Wh was +en$al partitioned in 1/BA? 9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1] t
wanted to e !ree. 9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4] t was too lar$e and &indus
were in the maorit. 9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-] G! the A4 million people
in +en$al 42 million were &indus. t seemed sensile to di"ide up the pro"ince on
reli$ious $rounds and also ecause it was ecomin$ "er lar$e and producin$
si$ni<cant administrati"e prolems. + doin$ this it was !elt that the pro"ince would
e easier to administer especiall at the time o! a new +ritish $o"ernment in power.
The &indus saw it as a polic o! HDi"ide and Rule>* an attempt the +ritish to work
a$ainst the &indus. The uslims !elt that it was a +ritish attempt to reco$nise theuslims a!ter ears o! mistrust and domination the &indus.
(c) HThe 9ucknow 8act o! 1/1F was the most important attempt either the
uslims* &indus or the +ritish $o"ernment in seekin$ a solution to the prolems in
the sucontinent etween 1/B/ and 1/1/.> Do ou a$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our
answer.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 29/46
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2] The were the most important 9:;:9 2%
Description o! re!orms [=F] The 98 was an a$reement etween uslims and
&indus 9:;:9 % :@plains the 9ucknow 8act GR other attempts [-=1B] 9:;:9 4%
:@plains the 9ucknow 8act '5D other attempts [/=1] The 9ucknow 8act o! 1/1F
was an a$reement etween the uslims and &indus which placed a numer o!
political demands to the +ritish $o"ernment in an attempt to show a united !rontand produce common aims. ,or the <rst time &indus acknowled$ed that uslims
had the ri$ht to a separate electorate and was there!ore seen as a eacon o! hope
!or the !uture. &owe"er there were other attempts to sol"e the prolems in the su0
continent durin$ these ears. The orle0into Re!orms ecame law in 1/B/ as the
ndian #ouncils 'ct. The importance o! the #ouncils which were enlar$ed was to
ensure that ndian le$islators were $i"en a chance to e@press their opinions. The
+ritish also accepted the ri$ht o! uslims to ha"e a separate electorate. 9ittle was
done the +ritish $o"ernment aout the sucontinent durin$ the ,irst World War.
The # Re!orms disappointed the uslims and &indus as the had hoped !or
$reater concessions. #entral $o"ernment reser"ed sweepin$ powers !or itsel! with
onl minor concessions !or the locals. The Re!orms did hold out concessions to
political parties pro"ided that the accepted the ri$ht o! the +ritish to remain in
control. ,ollowin$ the # re!orms the Rowlatt 'ct o! 1/1/ increased the resentment
o! the political parties includin$ the ri$ht o! arrest without a warrant and
detention without ail.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
1 's the morale and commitment o! uslims increased it was ine"itale that with
the ri$ht leadership some uslims would take part in more a$itation a$ainst the
+ritish. t was clear that the uslim identit in ndia would continue to $ain stren$th.
Gne such man was Titu ir.
(a) Who was Titu ir? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
' disciple o! Sed 'hmed* horri<ed suIerin$s o! uslim !armers in West +en$al
durin$ 1Bs* or$anised a stand a$ainst 6amindars* set up his own rule near
#alcutta with small arm* pro"oked +ritish and killed in attle 11.
() :@plain the choice o! 7rdu in 1/4- as the national lan$ua$e o! 8akistan. [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1] t was !elt to e the est lan$ua$e.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. [2=4] t is understood all 8akistanis.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 30/46
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons. [A=-] t carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis
since it has een considered to e the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was
the lan$ua$e associated with the 8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with
the +ritish and the &indus. '!ter ndependence* it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was
the unitin$ !orce ehind the nation and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ it at
all le"els in societ
(c) Did educational re!orms ha"e a more important eIect on the ndians than the
social* reli$ious and economic ones introduced the +ritish durin$ the ears 1--
to 1AF? :@plain our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2] The aIected all ndians.
9:;:9 2% Description o! re!orms. [=F] :n$lish was tau$ht in schools and suttee
was anned.
9:;:9 % :@plains one !actor. [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains more than one !actor* includin$ educational re!orms. [/=1]
acaule introduced schools across the countr to teach Western ideas usin$ the
:n$lish lan$ua$e. &e elie"ed that +ritish ideas were !ar etter than anthin$ that
came !rom ndia and that it would impose Western "alues and help the +ritish to
$o"ern ndia more eIecti"el. 'lthou$h a common lan$ua$e would help to unite
ndia* imposin$ a :uropean culture on the ndians would alienate man o! them.
ndians had to send their children to coeducational schools* which was unpopular*
since it appeared to impose the +ritish sstem on the ndians without due re$ard to
their reli$ious and cultural !eelin$s. #hristian missionaries came to ndia to con"ert
the local population as well as to set up schools. n these schools the missionaries
tau$ht #hristianit and e@pected local reli$ions to e $i"en up* which was resented
uslims* &indus and Sikhs alike. The replacement o! 8ersian and Sanskrit
:n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e in the 1Bs deepl upset oth the uslims and
&indus. ' numer o! social re!orms had een imposed the +ritish without
consultation or care !or local !eelin$* which caused much unrest. The annin$ o!
!emale in!anticide and suttee* whilst seen the +ritish as inappropriate* did $o
a$ainst man traditional !eelin$s &indus especiall held. The were also !orced to
aandon purdha* which had een an ndian custom !or centuries. n 1A2* the
HDoctrine o! 9apse> was introduced and this caused $reat unrest ecause an local
kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct male heir was taken o"er the +ritish. The
introduction o! the railwa in ndia re"olutionised communication and trans!ormedthe countr. ,or +ritain* it meant that there was another means o! e@tendin$ their
power and helped industr to pro<t transportin$ raw materials to the ports. ,or
the ndians* there were man ad"anta$es* especiall in times o! !amine when !ood
could e transported more easil.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 31/46
2 Sir Sed 'hmed Chan admired man +ritish was o! doin$ thin$s. 't the same
time he had a $reat !aith in the uslim reli$ion. &e was con"inced that i! the +ritish
e"er le!t ndia the uslims would e dominated the o"erwhelmin$ &indu
maorit. &e decided to do somethin$ aout this. &e pulished a pamphlet called
HThe 9oal ohammedans o! ndia.>
(a) What was HThe 9oal ohammedans o! ndia?> [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
To rin$ aout etter relations etween +ritish and uslims* told +ritish that
uslims were not opposed to them* +ritish shouldn>t discriminate a$ainst them as
uslims were wron$l lamed !or "iolence* tr to understand and respect uslim
elie!s* should consult with ndians.
() Wh did the ndians not achie"e independence in 1A-? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1] The were unsuccess!ul in the War.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. [2=4] The opposition to the +ritish was too weak.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons. [A=-] There was a lack o! unit and common cause
amon$st the ndian population. The 8una was uninterested in helpin$ the reellion
and actuall sent men and supplies to help the +ritish. This also happened in
Cashmir. The +ritish had more modern methods o! <$htin$ and the arm was etter
disciplined as well as ein$ supplied some o! the local rulers.
(c) Did &ai Shariat 7llah contriute more to the spread o! slam than anone elsein the su0continent e!ore 1AB? :@plain our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1] &S7 was a $reat scholar.
9:;:9 2% Description o! SW7 or other !actors. [=F] &S7 estalished the ,arai6i
o"ement. SW7 tau$ht at the adrassa in Delhi* spent some time in edina and
wrote a numer o! ooks. S' was a !ollower o! Shah 'dul '6i6 and !ounded the
Kihad o"ement.
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor. [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains 2 or more !actors includin$ &S7. [/=1] &S7 spread slamthrou$h the ,arai6i o"ement which insisted that uslims should per!orm their
!arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This alarmed the &indu landlords who were unhapp
with the uslim practices. ' hu$e $roup o! !ollowers $rew* who were called
H,arai6is>. SW7 !elt that the uslims !aced man prolems ecause o! their
i$norance aout slam and the &ol Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to concentrate on
Nuranic teachin$s and helped them translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian*
which was the main lan$ua$e o! the uslims at that time. &is ooks were desi$ned
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 32/46
to spread the principles o! slam amon$st the uslims. S'S+ spread slam throu$h
the Kihad o"ement* which was to ecome an armed stru$$le to lierate the 8una
and the 5W, !rom Sikh rule* lar$el ecause uslims were anned !rom praer and
had to under$o man humiliations* which made it diLcult to practise their reli$ion.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
1 (a) What was the ,arai6i o"ement? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
,ounded &ai Shariat 7llah* to restore pride o! uslims* re"i"e slam* remo"e
&indu practices in worship* emphasis on prain$ !or past sins* promisin$ to lead a
ri$hteous li!e in !uture* alarmed &indus* work carried on son.
() Wh did the :ast ndia #ompan ecome in"ol"ed in the ndian su0continent
durin$ the se"enteenth centur? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. The wanted to spend their time there. (1)
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. To trade and e@tend their in3uence in the :ast. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons. Reports o! immense wealth in the su0continent led to
the #ompan estalishin$ a tradin$ ase there as the saw a pro<tale !uture. The
:n$lish wanted to estalish its in3uence in the su0continent and to oust the Dutch
and 8ortu$uese. The :# also wanted to estalish a strate$ic port in the
sucontinent that would protect its tradin$ interests there and in the ,ar :ast. (/=
1)
(c) &ow success!ul were the +ritish attempts to take control o! lands in the su0
continent etween 1-AB and 1AF? [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. The +ritish imposed their will on the su0continent.
(1=2)
9:;:9 2% Description o! +ritish conuests. Gutlines the e"ents in +en$al* the
8una* 5W,8 and Sindh. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains successes GR ,ailures (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains oth% (/=1)
Successes Stren$th o! +ritish 'rm. :"entual !ailure o! Tipu Sultan and Ranit
Sin$h. denti<es success!ul conuests o! +ritish a$ainst weaker opposition.
'nne@ation o! Gudh under the Doctrine o! 9apse.
,ailures 8ower o! local 5awas. :arl successes o! Tipu Sultan. Ranit Sin$h.
'!$hanistan campai$n. (/=1)
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 33/46
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
2 (a) &ow has the 8akistan $o"ernment promoted the de"elopment o! +alochi since
1/4-? [4]
Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can e awarded !or a
de"eloped statement. #andidates mi$ht re!er to%
Radio 8akistan Carachi roadcasts in +alochi* +alochi 9iterar 'ssociation set up*
weekl and monthl ma$a6ines pulished* Nuetta T; station* de"elopment o!
+alochi literature* writers and poets e.$. 'tta Shad* sh Shamin* Jul Chan 5a6ir and
'6ad Kamal Din.
() :@plain wh the u$hal :mpire declined !ollowin$ the death o! 'uran$6e. [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. There weren>t an $ood rulers a!ter his death. (1)
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons. 'uran$6e>s successors were weak. There was no law
o! succession. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons% 'uran$6e>s successors ecame la6* weak and
corrupt and le!t the administration to their ministers who o!ten put their own
interests <rst. There was no law o! succession. nstead there was usuall a stru$$le
!or succession which ended in war. Succession o!ten depended upon the ailit o!
the candidates and the support the could $et. ,i$htin$ wars ecame e@pensi"e and
the militar was stretched and suIered much ineLcienc. The successors !ailed to
run the :mpire eIecti"el* ecomin$ "er e@tra"a$ant and so suIered !rom
<nancial ineLciencies. The "astness o! the :mpire made it hard to de!end and as
such suIered se"eral in"asions. :"entuall the +ritish o"erran the :mpire and were
superior in such areas as militar mi$ht. (A=-)
(c) Were the reli$ious "iews o! Sir Sed 'hmad Chan his most important contriution
in de"elopin$ the cause o! uslims durin$ the nineteenth centur? :@plain our
answer. [1]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. &e was a $reat <$ure in uslim histor. (1=2)
9:;:9 2% Description o! elie!sEwritin$s. &e wrote a numer o! ooks and opened a
school and uni"ersit. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor. (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors includin$ reli$ion. &e elie"ed that relations
with the +ritish could e impro"ed impro"in$ the understandin$ o! #hristianit
uslims. &e tried to o"ercome this writin$ Tain0ul0Calam* in which he
pointed out the similarities etween slam and #hristianit. &e was also aware that
the +ritish knew little aout slam and was oIended a ook he read in +ritain on
the li!e o! the 8rophet and as a result he wrote his own work correctin$ the man
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 34/46
errors he had read. &owe"er he contriuted man other thin$s. &e attempted to
impro"e the position o! uslims throu$h education. n 1F he !ounded the
Scienti<c Societ at Jha6ipore. &e wanted to make scienti<c writin$s a"ailale to
uslims translatin$ them !rom :n$lish into 7rdu. &e estalished a uslim
colle$e which led to the uslim0'n$lo Griental #olle$e in 1-F. This ecame the
7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which ecame important in 8akistani histor as pro"idin$ aneducation !or man o! its !uture leaders. &e also made a contriution in politics. &e
elie"ed that uslims would ne"er win an election ecause o! the &indu maorit
population. &e there!ore ad"ocated separate seats and a separate electorate which
was the !orerunner o! the !uture demand !or a separate homeland. &e wrote a
numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o! ndependence in which he tried to show the
+ritish that the uslims were onl partl to lame and that there were man who
were supporters o! the +ritish $o"ernment. &e su$$ested that the +ritish should tr
to understand uslims etter. &e $a"e an e@planation o! the word >5adarath> in an
attempt to remo"e the misunderstandin$ o! the +ritish aout the uslims. (/=1)
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
1 (a) (i) Who $ranted permission to the :ast ndia #ompan in 1F12 to e$in
tradin$? [1] Jo"ernor o! Juarat Churram (!uture Shah Kehan)
(ii) Who did the ,rench encoura$e to attack the :ast ndia #ompan ase at
#alcutta in 1-AF? [1] 5awa o! +en$al (Sira0ud0Daulah)
(iii) Which lan$ua$e did :n$lish replace in 14 as the oLcial lan$ua$e o! ndia?
[1] 8ersian
(i") What position did Sir Sed 'hmad Chan hold when the War o! ndependence
roke out in 1A-? [1] #hie! Kud$e o! +inaur
() :@plain the reasons !or the !ailure o! the War o! ndependence 1A-=A. [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement Descries reasons !or War or e"ents. (1)
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons The opposition to the +ritish was too weak. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons There was a lack o! unit and common cause amon$st
the ndian population. The 8una was uninterested in helpin$ the reellion and
actuall sent men and supplies to help the +ritish. This also happened in Cashmir.
The +ritish had more modern methods o! <$htin$ and the arm was etterdisciplined as well as ein$ supplied some o! the local rulers. (A=-)
(c) HThe policies o! 'uran$6e were the main reason !or the decline o! the u$hal
:mpire.> Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer. [14]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement &e was an important ruler. (1=2)
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 35/46
9:;:9 2% Description o! reasons in $eneral &e ta@ed non0uslims and destroed
a numer o! &indu temples. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains one !actor (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains more than one !actor includin$ 'uran$6e>s policies
'uran$6e had an intolerant attitude to non0uslims. &e introduced a ta@ on non0
uslims called the Ki6a. &e destroed &indu temples and tried to an &indu
practices. Ta@ation was hi$h as he had to pa !or the cost o! militar campai$ns
such as the Deccan Wars and he spent hi$hl on lu@urious palaces. +ecause o!
these he ecame an unpopular rule. '!ter his death u$hal :mperors were
renowned !or li"in$ an e@tra"a$ant li!estle and spendin$ mone with little thou$ht
to the eIect it had on the econom o! the :mpire. This led to ineLciencies and a
lack o! interest in the runnin$ o! the :mpire. The asence o! a de<nite line o!
succession led to a si$ni<cant amount o! in0<$htin$ amon$st his successors which*
also led to instailit and the down!all o! the :mpire. (/=1)
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. (14)
2 (a) (i) Who called !or !reedom !or the ndian people and was imprisoned in 1/-
!or writin$ a pro"ocati"e newspaper article? [1] +al Jan$adhar Tilak o! 8oona
(ii) Who was ;icero o! ndia in 1/B? [1] 9ord #ur6on
(iii) Which law introduced in 1/B $a"e the +ritish $o"ernment $reater control o"er
newspapers? [1] 8ress 'ctEndian 5ewspaper 'ct
(i") Where was the re"ersal o! the 8artition o! +en$al announced in 1/11? [1]
Delhi (Durar o! 1/11)
() Wh ha"e re$ional lan$ua$es een promoted the 8akistan $o"ernment since
1/4-? [-]
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement The are spoken in 8akistan. (1)
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons To keep the lan$ua$es ali"e. (2=4)
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons t was !elt that the literature and work undertaken
authors in such areas as Sindh should e kept ali"e and so the $o"ernment set up
odies to promote it such as the Sindhi 9iterar +oard in 1/4. an lan$ua$es
ha"e plaed an important role in the histor o! the re$ion* e$ 8ushto literature had
an important role in creatin$ opposition to +ritish rule and the mo"ement !or
independence. +alochi had little de"elopment e!ore 1/4- and its literature was in
decline. &owe"er the $o"ernment !elt that it should e kept ali"e and not lost
!ore"er. &ence the lan$ua$e was promoted. (A=-)
(c) Did Shah Wali 7llah contriute more to the spread o! slam than anone else in
the su0continent e!ore 1AB? :@plain our answer. [14]
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 36/46
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement &e was "er important to the spread o! slam. (1=2)
9:;:9 2% Description o! Shah Wali 7llah>s work or that o! others SW7 tau$ht at the
adrassa in Delhi* spent some time in edina and wrote a numer o! ooks. S' was
a !ollower o! Shah 'dul '6i6 and !ounded the Kihad o"ement. &e attacked Sikh
!orces capturin$ 8eshawar. &S7 estalished the ,arai6i o"ement. (=F)
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor (-=1B)
9:;:9 4% :@plains importance o! work o! a numer o! people includin$ SW7 SW7 !elt
that the uslims !aced man prolems ecause o! their i$norance aout slam and
the &ol Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to concentrate on Nuranic teachin$s and
helped them translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian which was the main
lan$ua$e o! the uslims at that time. &is ooks were desi$ned to spread the
principles o! slam amon$st the uslims. &owe"er he was not the onl one who was
important in the spread o! slam at this time. S'S+ spread slam throu$h the Kihad
o"ement* which was to ecome an armed stru$$le to lierate the 8una and the
5W, !rom Sikh rule lar$el ecause uslims were anned !rom praer and had to
under$o man humiliations* which made it diLcult to practise their reli$ion. &S7
spread slam throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement which insisted that uslims should
per!orm their !arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This alarmed the &indu landlords who
were unhapp with the uslim practices. ' hu$e $roup o! !ollowers $rew which were
called H,arai6is>. (/=1)
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation (14
1 (a) (i) '!ter winnin$ the +attle o! 8lasse in 1-A-* what did Roert #li"e ecome?
Jo"ernor o! +en$al [1]
(ii) 5ame &ai Shariat 7llah>s son who carried on his work a!ter his death in 14B.
ohsin0ud0Din [1]
(iii) n which ear did the 'mirs o! Sindh attack the +ritish Residenc o! Sir #harles
5apier?
14 [1]
(i") What did Sir Sed 'hmad Chan estalish in 1F?
Scienti<c Societ at Jha6ipore [1]
() :@plain wh the successors o! 'uran$6e !ailed to pre"ent the decline o! the
u$hal :mpire.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1]
The weren>t an $ood as rulers.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 37/46
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4]
'uran$6e>s successors were weak. There was no law o! succession.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-]
'uran$6e>s successors tended to e la6* weak and corrupt* lea"in$ theadministration to their ministers who o!ten put their own interests <rst. There was
no law o! succession. nstead there was usuall a stru$$le !or succession which
ended in war. Succession o!ten depended upon the ailit o! the candidates and
the support the could $et. ,i$htin$ wars was "er e@pensi"e and the militar was
stretched and suIered much ineLcienc. These emperors !ailed to run the :mpire
eIecti"el* ecomin$ "er e@tra"a$ant and so suIered !rom <nancial ineLciencies.
The "astness o! the :mpire made it hard to de!end and as such suIered se"eral
in"asions !rom stron$er ri"als. :"entuall the +ritish o"erran the :mpire and were
superior in such areas as militar mi$ht.
(c) HReli$ious !actors were more important than an other in causin$ the War o!
ndependence o! 1A-=1A.> Do ou a$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2]
The +ritish were resented.
9:;:9 2% Description o! reli$ious or other causes [=F]
#hristianit was tau$ht in schools.
9:;:9 % :@plains one !actor [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors. :n$lish to e e@plained !or ma@imum marks.
[/=1]
#hristian missionaries came to ndia to con"ert the local population as well as set
up schools. n these schools the missionaries tau$ht #hristianit and e@pected local
reli$ions to e $i"en up which was resented uslims* &indus and Sikhs alike. The
replacement o! 8ersian and Sanskrit :n$lish as the oLcial lan$ua$e in the 1Bs
deepl upset oth the uslims and &indus. ' numer o! social re!orms had een
imposed the +ritish without consultation or care !or local !eelin$ which caused
much unrest. ndians had to send their children to co0educational schools which was
hated since it appeared to impose the +ritish sstem on the ndians without due
re$ard to their reli$ious and cultural !eelin$s. The were also !orced to aandon
purdha which had een an ndian custom !or centuries. The HDoctrine o! 9apse>
caused $reat unrest ecause an local kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct male heir was
taken o"er the +ritish. ' new cartrid$e was introduced the +ritish which was
coated in oth cow and pi$ !at. +ecause the soldiers had to chew the !at* this
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 38/46
caused $reat resentment since pi$ !at was !oridden the uslims while the cow
was a sacred animal in the ees o! the &indus.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14
O 7#9:S 2BB-
1 (a) (i) Who went to war with the :ast ndia #ompan in 1FF? [1]
'uran$6e
(ii) Which 'ct o! 8arliament passed in 1 said that ndians could e part o! the
#i"il Ser"ice? [1]
#harter 'ct
(iii) Who anne@ed Sindh !ollowin$ the attack on the +ritish Residenc in 14? [1]
Sir #harles 5apier
(i") 5ame the sepo whose actions led to his e@ecution in arch 1A-? [1]
an$al 8ande
() Wh were there attempts to re"i"e slam in the su0continent durin$ the
ei$hteenth and earl nineteenth centuries?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1]
t was needed
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4]
To halt the decline o! uslims and spread slam
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-]
SW7 elie"ed that uslims were i$norant aout slam and the teachin$s o! the
&ol Nuran. There!ore an emphasis on Nuranic teachin$s would not onl impro"e
their knowled$e ut produce a !eelin$ o! solidarit. &e also elie"ed that uslims>
knowled$e o! slam was diLcult to $ain and so he !elt that translatin$ the &olNuran into 8ersian would enale more people read it. S'S+ wanted a ihad (&ol
War) to restore the uslim !aith. The 8una was under Sikh rule and the 8unai
uslims !ound it diLcult to practise their reli$ion and were humiliated the Sikhs.
&S7 wanted to spread slam throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement which insisted that
uslims should per!orm their !arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This alarmed the &indu
landlords who were unhapp with the uslim practices.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 39/46
(c) HSindhi was promoted more than an other re$ional lan$ua$e etween 1/4- and
1/>. Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement. [1=2]
Sindhi is a re$ional lan$ua$e.
9:;:9 2% Description o! re$ional lan$ua$es [=F]
Sindhi is the second maor lan$ua$e spoken in 8akistan. 8ushto is spoken in the
5W,8.
9:;:9 % :@plains promotion o! 1 lan$ua$e [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains promotion o! more than1 lan$ua$e (Sindhi to e included !or
ma@imum marks [/=1]
'!ter ndependence* steps were taken to promote Sindhi e.$. the Sindhi 9iterar
+oard was set up in 1/4 which has printed man ooks and ma$a6ines in the
lan$ua$e. 8unai is the local lan$ua$e o! the 8una. t was a popular lan$ua$e
amon$st the Su< poets who used it !or their romantic !olk poetr. These poems
contriuted $reatl to the popularit o! 8unai. '!ter ndependence* steps were
taken !or the promotion and de"elopment o! the lan$ua$e in other parts o! the
pro"ince. The Jo"ernment ha"e ensured its de"elopment $i"in$ support to those
institutions who are usin$ it. 8ushto literature was oosted a!ter ndependence since
the poets had contriuted a $reat deal to the !reedom stru$$le. The +aluchi
lan$ua$e has also een promoted its roadcastin$ on the radio. The
estalishment o! the Nuetta Tele"ision Station has also helped to promote it.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
2 (a) (i) 5ame the cit where Nueen ;ictoria was proclaimed H:mpress o! ndia> in
1--. [1]
Delhi
(ii) State the 'ct o! 8arliament passed in 1- that placed strict controls on ndian
newspapers. [1]
;ernacular 'ct
(iii) What was the population o! Western +en$al in 1/BA? [1]
A4 million
(i") n which cit did the uhammadan :ducational #on!erence meet in 1/BF? [1]
Dhaka
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 40/46
() Wh did the War o! ndependence o! 1A- !ail?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1]
Descries reasons !or War or e"ents.
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons [2=4]
The opposition to the +ritish was too weak.
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons [A=-]
There was a lack o! unit and common cause amon$st the ndian population. The
8una were uninterested in helpin$ the reellion and actuall sent men and
supplies to help the +ritish. This also happened in Cashmir. The +ritish had more
modern methods o! <$htin$ and the arm was etter disciplined as well as ein$
supplied some o! the local rulers.
(c) HSir Sed 'hmed Chan>s political elie!s had a $reater impact on the uslims
than an o! his other elie!s>. Do ou a$ree or disa$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our
answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement [1=2]
Sir Sed was a $reat scholar.
9:;:9 2% Description o! elie!sEwritin$s [=F]
&e wrote a numer o! ooks and opened a school and uni"ersit.
9:;:9 % :@plains at least one !actor [-=1B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains at least two !actors. 8olitical writin$s to e e@plained !or
ma@imum marks [/=1]
n politics he elie"ed that uslims would ne"er win an election ecause o! the
&indu maorit population. &e there!ore ad"ocated separate seats and a separate
electorate which was the !orerunner o! the !uture demand !or a separate homeland.
&e wrote a numer o! ooks !ollowin$ the War o! ndependence in which he tried to
show the +ritish that the uslims were onl partl to lame and that there man
who were supporters o! the +ritish $o"ernment. &e su$$ested that the +ritish
should tr to understand uslims etter. &e $a"e e@planation o! the word
>5adarath> in an attempt to remo"e the misunderstandin$ o! the +ritish aout the
uslims. &e also attempted to impro"e the position o! uslims throu$h education.
&e estalished a uslim colle$e which led to the uslim0'n$lo Griental #olle$e in
1-F. This ecame the 7ni"ersit o! 'li$arh which ecame important in 8akistani
histor as pro"idin$ an education !or man o! its !uture leaders.
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 41/46
1 (a) (i) Where did 'uran$6e <$ht a lon$ series o! wars a$ainst the arathas?
Deccan peninsula [1]
(ii) Who succeeded 'uran$6e in 1-12 at the a$e o! F?
+ahadur Shah Eua66um [1]
(iii) When did Nueen :li6aeth $rant the charter to the :ast ndia #ompan?
1FBB [1]
(i") n which town did the ndian troops rise up a$ainst the +ritish in 1A-?
eerut [1]
() Wh was +ritain so success!ul in e@pandin$ its control o! the su0continent
etween 1-AB and 1AB?
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement* !or e@ample% The were etter <$hters. [1]
9:;:9 2% denti<es reasons* !or e@ample% The captured rich lands and had a
etter arm. [204]
9:;:9 % :@plains reasons* !or e@ample% The attles o! 8lasse and +u@ar $a"e the
+ritish the "ast riches o! +en$al and !a"ourale tradin$ ri$hts with the local nawas.
This pro"ided massi"e new resources which the +ritish could use to consolidate
control. The +ritish also introduced $o"ernors0$eneral into the pro"inces who
administered them on +ritish lines and pro"ided et more control. The +ritish arm
usin$ its "ast local resources and superior weapons and skills was increasin$ltakin$ control o! more land. [A0-]
O 7#9:S 2BBF
(c) Was the work o! Shah Wali 7llah the most important !actor in the re"i"al o! slam
in the su0continent durin$ the se"enteenth and ei$hteenth centuries? Ji"e reasons
!or our answer.
9:;:9 1% Simplistic statement* !or e@ample% SW7 was a $reat scholar. [102]
9:;:9 2% Description o! SW7 or other !actors* !or e@ample% SW7 tau$ht at the
adrassa in Delhi* spent some time in edina and wrote a numer o! ooks. S' wasa !ollower o! Shah 'dul '6i6 and !ounded the Kihad o"ement. &e attacked Sikh
!orces capturin$ 8eshawar. &S7 estalished the ,arai6i o"ement. [0F]
9:;:9 % :@plains 1 !actor. [-01B]
9:;:9 4% :@plains 2 or more !actors (SW7 to e included !or ma@ marks)* !or
e@ample% SW7 !elt that the uslims !aced man prolems ecause o! their
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 42/46
i$norance aout slam and the &ol Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to concentrate on
Nuranic teachin$s and helped them translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian
which was the main lan$ua$e o! the uslims at that time. &is ooks were desi$ned
to spread the principles o! slam amon$st the uslims.
S'S+ spread slam throu$h the Kihad o"ement* which was to ecome an armedstru$$le to lierate the 8una and the 5W, !rom Sikh rule lar$el ecause uslims
were anned !rom praer and had to under$o man humiliations* which made it
diLcult to practise their reli$ion. &S7 spread slam throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement
which insisted that uslims should per!orm their !arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This
alarmed the &indu landlords who were unhapp with the uslim practices. ' hu$e
$roup o! !ollowers $rew which were called H,arai6is>. [/01]
9:;:9 A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. [14]
1 (a) (i) n which ear did Ranit Sin$h die? (ii) Who led a $roup o! !ollowers in
the nineteenth centur called ,arai6is>? (iii) Where did Sir Sed 'hmed Chan
estalish a Scienti<c Societ in 1F? (i") Which od did the ohammedan
De!ence 'ssociation replace in 1/?
(i) 1/ [1] (ii) &ai Shariat 7llah [1] (iii) Jha6ipore [1] (i") 8atriotic 'lliance [1]
() Wh did Shah Wali 7llah ha"e such an important in3uence on the re"i"al o!
slam in the su0continent?
9e"el 1% Simplistic statement [1] &e was well known
9e"el 2 denti<es reasons [204]
To halt the decline o! uslims
9e"el :@plains reason [A0-]
uslims had deteriorated into ein$ a helpless and disor$anised $roup o! people
and i! the were to re$ain their power then stron$ leadership was reuired. &e
elie"ed the were i$norant aout slam and the teachin$s o! the &ol Nuran.
There!ore an emphasis on Nuranic teachin$s would not onl impro"e their
knowled$e ut produce a !eelin$ o! solidarit. &e also elie"ed that uslims>
knowled$e o! slam was diLcult to $ain and so he !elt that translatin$ the &ol
Nuran into 8ersian would enale more people to read it.
(c) Were the weak and $reed characteristics o! 'uran$6e>s successors the most
important reasons !or the collapse o! the u$hal :mpire? :@plain our answer.
9e"el 1% Simplistic statement [102]
The were weak and lackin$ character.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 43/46
9e"el 2% Description o! reasons in $eneral [0F]
The were weak and lo"ed a rich li!estle
9e"el % :@plains one !actor [-01B]
9e"el 4 :@plains at least two !actors (weak and $reed to e [/01] included!or ma@imum marks)
The :mperors were renowned !or li"in$ an e@tra"a$ant li!estle and spendin$
mone with little thou$ht to the eIect it had on the econom o! the :mpire. This
led to ineLciencies and a lack o! interest in the runnin$ o! the :mpire. &owe"er
there were other reasons. The asence o! a de<nite line o! succession led to a
si$ni<cant amount o! in0<$htin$ amon$st his successors which* also led to
instailit and the down!all o! the :mpire. Gther reasons included* '>s reli$ious
polic* the e@pense o! <$htin$ the Deccan Wars* de$radation o! the militar* militar
ineLcienc* <nancial ineLciencies* "astness o! the :mpire and n"asions.
9e"el A% 's le"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
2 (a) (i) Who captured Jwalior !rom the +ritish in 1A-? (ii) What 'ssociation was
!ormed in 1/? (iii) n which town was the twentieth session o! the ohammedan
:ducational #on!erence held? (i") n which ear was the <rst Chila!at #on!erence
held?
(i) Rani o! Khansi [1] (ii) ohammadan 'n$lo0Griental De!ence 'ssociation o!
7pperndia ('G) [1] (iii) Dhaka [1] (i") 1/1/ [1]
() Wh did 8akistan choose 7rdu as its national lan$ua$e?
9e"el 1% Simplistic statement [1]
t !elt it was the est lan$ua$e
9e"el 2% denti<es reasons [204]
t>s the lan$ua$e o! uslims and understood all 8akistanis
9e"el % :@plains reasons [A0-]
t carries immense importance !or all 8akistanis since it has een considered to
e the lan$ua$e o! all uslims !or BB ears. t was the lan$ua$e associated with
the 8akistani o"ement throu$hout its stru$$le with the +ritish and the &indus.
'!ter ndependence it was !elt that the lan$ua$e was the unitin$ !orce ehind the
nation and the $o"ernment is committed to usin$ at all le"els in societ.
(c) HThe introduction o! social re!orms* such as education* the +ritish caused the
War o! ndependence in 1A->. Do ou a$ree? Ji"e reasons !or our answer.
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 44/46
9e"el 1% Simplistic statement [102]
+ritish education was resented the ndians
9e"el 2% Description o! reasons [0F]
The had to send their children to co0educational schools
9e"el % :@plains one reason [-01B]
9e"el 4% :@plains at least two reasons (social re!orm includin$ [/01]
education to e e@plained !or ma@imum marks)
' numer o! social re!orms had een imposed the +ritish without consultation
or care !or local !eelin$ which caused much unrest. ndians had to send their
children to co0educational schools which was hated since it appeared to impose the
+ritish sstem on the ndians without due re$ard to their reli$ious and cultural
!eelin$s. The were also !orced to aandon purdha which had een an ndiancustom !or centuries. The replacement o! 8ersian and Sanskrit :n$lish as the
oLcial lan$ua$e in 12 deepl upset oth the uslim and &indus. n 1A2 the
HDoctrine o! 9apse> was introduced and caused $reat unrest ecause an local
kin$dom not ha"in$ a direct male heir was taken o"er the +ritish. ' new
cartrid$e was introduced the +ritish which was coated in oth cow and pi$ !at.
+ecause the soldiers had to chew the !at caused $reat resentment since pi$ !at was
!oridden the uslims and the cow was a sacred animal in the ees o! the
&indus.
9e"el A% 's 9e"el 4 = also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation [14]
1 (a) (i) Who led the <rst maor in"asion o! the u$hal :mpire !rom 8ersia in 1-?
(ii) n which ear did Sir Sed 'hmed Chan write his work 'thar0ul0Sanadeed?
(iii) With which $roup o! people did Sir Sed 'hmed Chan ar$ue re$ardin$ the
acceptance o! western science within the slamic !aith?
(i") 5ame the attle !ou$ht in the Su0#ontinent in 1-F4.
(i) 5adir Shah 1
(ii) 14F 1
(iii) 7lema 1
(i") +u@ar 1
() Wh were the +ritish ale to replace the u$hals as the dominant !orce in the
Su0#ontinent 1AB?
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 45/46
9:;:9 1 Simplistic statement 1
The were stron$er
9:;:9 2 denti<es reasons 204
The had superior weapons and were etter or$anised
9:;:9 :@plains reasons A0-
The +ritish were alread ecomin$ well estalished in the Su0#ontinent and had
$ained much territor and so were well placed to take o"er !rom the u$hals. Due
to the ndustrial Re"olution +ritain had een ale to stockpile weapons which were
o! superior ualit to an o! those which the ndians had. 'lso the troops were
etter disciplined* trained and or$anised and were ale to estalish their superiorit
without much opposition.
(c) &ow important was Shah Wali 7llah in the spread o! slam in the Su0#ontinente!ore 1AB? :@plain our answer.
9:;:9 1 Simplistic statement. 102
&e was "er important to the spread o! slam
9:;:9 2 Description o! Shah Wali 7llahs work or that o! others 0F
SW7 tau$ht at the adrassa in Delhi* spent some time in edina and wrote a
numer o! ooks. S' was a !ollower o! Shah 'dul '6i6 and !ounded the Kihad
o"ement. &e attacked Sikh !orces capturin$ 8eshawar. &S7 estalished the ,arai6i
o"ement.
9:;:9 :@plains importance o! his workEdisa$rees e@plains importance o! one other
-01B
9:;:9 4 :@plains importance o! work o! a numer o! people (to include SW7 !or
ma@imum marks) 01
SW7 !elt that the uslims !aced man prolems ecause o! their i$norance aout
slam and the &ol Nuran. &e encoura$ed them to concentrate on Nuranic
teachin$s and helped them translatin$ the &ol Nuran into 8ersian which was
the main lan$ua$e o! the uslims at that time. &is ooks were desi$ned to spreadthe principles o! slam amon$st the uslims. &owe"er he was not the onl one who
was important in the spread o! slam at this time. S'S+ spread slam throu$h the
Kihad o"ement* which was to ecome an armed stru$$le to lierate the 8una and
the 5W, !rom Sikh rule lar$el ecause uslims were anned !rom praer and had
to under$o man humiliations* which made it diLcult to practise their reli$ion. &S7
spread slam throu$h the ,arai6i o"ement which insisted that uslims should
per!orm their !arai6 (reli$ious oli$ations). This alarmed the &indu landlords who
7/21/2019 Section 1.docx
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/section-1docx-56d987161b7d5 46/46
were unhapp with the uslim practices. ' hu$e $roup o! !ollowers $rew which were
called H,arai6is>.
9:;:9 A 's 9e"el 4 0 also produces a ud$ement or e"aluation. 14
top related