sd cycle
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LO150LO150
Customer OrderCustomer OrderManagementManagement
LO150
SD Org structure
SD Functionality
SD Transactions
SD Tables
SD Master Data
The following is the Organizational Elements inOrder Management:
Company code
Sales area consisting of:
Sales organization
Distribution channels
Division
Plant
Shipping point
Organizational Elements
Company Code
A company code represents an independentaccounting unit, for example, a companywithin a corporate group.
Balance sheets and Profit & Loss Statements,required by law, are created at the companycode level.
Company Code
Sales Organization
A sales organization:Is responsible for distributing goods and services.
Is responsible for negotiating sales conditions.
Carries out each business transaction.
Each sales organization is assigned to a companycode.
SAP AG
Distribution channels are the means through whichsales materials reach the customer.
Distribution channels include: Retail trade
Wholesale trade
Direct sales
Wholesale distributor
Sales organization
Distribution channelsWholesale
trade Retail trade Direct sales
Retail dealer
Distribution Channels
SAP AG
Division MSI has two product lines:
Motorcycles and accessories
DivisionDivision02
Motorcycles
Sales organization
DivisionDivision90
Accessories
SAP AG
Sales Area A sales area is the combination of:
Sales organization
Distribution channel
Division (product-related)
The sales area is used for reporting and pricing.
Sales Organization
Distribution Channel
Division Division 1 Division 2 Division 1 Division 1 Division 2
DistributionChannel 1
DistributionChannel 2
Sales Org 1
DistributionChannel 1
Sales Org 2
Consulting tip: A simple organizational structure is better than a complexA simple organizational structure is better than a complexone, as it simplifies the order entry process, for example. Consider usingone, as it simplifies the order entry process, for example. Consider usingfields on the master data screen for detailed reporting.fields on the master data screen for detailed reporting.
A plant is an organizational element within a company.A plant produces goods, renders services, or makesgoods available for distribution.
A plant can be one of the following types of locations: Manufacturing facility
Warehouse distribution center
Plant
Shipping Point
A shipping point is a fixed location that carries outshipping activities. Each delivery is processed byonly one shipping point.
Plant 1 Plant 2
Shippingpoint 2
Shippingpoint 1
SAP AG
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Summary
Sales Area:SalesOrganization
DistributionChannel
Division
Plant
ShippingPoint
02Direct sales
Sales Area:SalesOrganization
DistributionChannel
Division
Plant
ShippingPoint
Company Company4000MSI
Canada
3000MSIUS
LO150
SD Org structure
SD Functionality
SD Transactions
SD Tables
SD Master Data
SAP AG
How Master Data is Integrated in SD
Sales supportSales support
SalesSales
ShippingShipping
DATAWAREHOUSE
DATAWAREHOUSE
MMPP
PMCO
FIPS
Materials Mgmt.Production PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System
MM
FI
Materials Mgmt.Financial Accounting
CO
Financial AccountingControlling
FI
BillingBilling
Master DataCustomers ShippingMaterialsBills of materialCustomer-Material InformationProduct proposals BillingConditions
Master DataCustomers ShippingMaterialsBills of materialCustomer-Material InformationProduct proposals BillingConditions
Origins of Data in Sales Documents
Customer master data Sales order
Material master data
.....
Control tables
Texts
Conditions
Master Data contains the recordsthat remain in the database overan extended period of time.
Master Data contains the recordsthat remain in the database overan extended period of time.
Master Data(e.g., Customer Data) General Data
(commonacross client)
Sales Data(unique tosales area)
Accounting Data
(unique to company)
Master Data is centrally stored (sharedacross application modules) andprocessed to eliminate data redundancy.
Master Data is centrally stored (sharedacross application modules) andprocessed to eliminate data redundancy.
Master Data
Customer Master The customer master includes all data necessary
for processing orders, deliveries, invoices, andcustomer payments.
Customer master information is shared betweenthe accounting and sales and distributiondepartments.
The customer master groups data into categories:general data, company code data, and sales anddistribution data.
General dataSales & Distribution data
Company code data
SAP AG
Customer MasterCustomer : K1Sales organization : 3000Distribution channel : 03Division : 02
General dataGeneral data
Valid for bothaccounting and salesValid for bothaccounting and sales
Dependent on:- sales organization- distribution channel- division
Dependent on:- sales organization- distribution channel- division
AddressControl dataMarketingUnloading pointsContact person
Sales area dataSales area data
SalesShippingOutputPartner functions
Valid for accounting
Also referred to as centralviews on the customermaster
Valid for accounting
Also referred to as centralviews on the customermaster
Account ManagementPayment transactionsCorrespondenceInsurance
Company code dataCompany code dataCreatecentrally:
Create:
Create:Screen Views:
Screen Views:
Screen Views:
Sold-to party
..........
Employee
Forwarding agent
Ship-to party
Payer
Business Partners - Partner Functions
Partner Partner FunctionsFunctions
Contact person
Bill-to party
RECOGNISED BY SAP AS ACCOUNT GROUP
Partner Functions• Sold - to- party• Ship - to - party• Payer• Bill - to - party• Others like Carrier,
Sales person etc
SAP AG
Material Master
The material master contains all data required to defineand manage material. It integrates data from engineering,manufacturing, sales and distribution, purchasing,accounting, and other departments.
The material master is used as a source of data for salesorder processing throughout the customer ordermanagement cycle.
General dataPurchasing dataAccounting data
Sales dataManufacturing data
(etc.)
SAP AG
Accountassignment
Materials - Material Types
AAMaterialMaterial
Matl. typeMatl. type
Description
Department
Internal/External orders
Quantity/Value updatePrice control
Variance for each plant
SAP AG
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Sales 1Sales 1 Sales/PlantSales/Plant AccountingAccounting
Delivering Plant Shipping data Standard Price
Division Packaging data (Cost)
Master Data - Multiple Views
Material Master Examples:
Views:Views:
Data:
All master data is segmented by business function. Each area views only the data relevant to its function and
authorization level.
Some data may be independent of the view, for example,material description, base unit of measure, etc.
SAP AG
Customer-Material Information
Sales order
Customer-Material information
Sold-to party: K1
Customer matlM234M598
Description Computer 1Computer 2
Qty103
Sales organization : 1000Distribution channel : 01Customer : C1
MaterialM1M2...
DescriptionComputer AGComputer UG...
Customer-specific dataMaterial
M234M598
DescriptionComputer 1Computer 2 + More
data......
"Customer-Material Information" overview
SAP AG
Proposing Items Using Product Proposal
Product proposal : 5000002Validity period : 01/01- 12/31Search term : SD product proposal
Item Material Qty.10 M1 4020 M2 5030 M3 30
Sold-to party: C1
Item Material Order qty.10 M1 4020 M2 5030 M3 30
Sales order
Matchcode
Material orMaterial ormaterial + quantitiesmaterial + quantities
SAP AG
Bills of Material - An Example
Monitor Hard drive KeyboardMouse Floppy drive
Screen Casing
Computer
SAP AG
Material BOM
Bills of Material - Where They Are UsedConstruction
Technical data
Plant maint.
Maintenance infoSales and dist.
Order qty.
Pricing
Price
Production
Operations
Productionorder
Sales order
LO150
SD Org structure
SD Functionality
SD Transactions
SD Tables
SD Master Data
SAP AG
R
Pre-Sales ActivitiesPre-Sales Activities
Sales Order ProcessingSales Order Processing
Inventory SourcingInventory Sourcing
DeliveryDelivery
BillingBilling
PaymentPayment
Invoice
Business Processes in COM Cycle
MM
COPM
PSFI
PPMaterials ManagementProduction PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System
Materials ManagementFinancial Accounting
Financial AccountingControlling
SHIPPING
BILLING
MASTER DATA
SALESSUPPORT
SALES
FI
MM
FI
CO
Sales and Distribution
S I S L
F I N A N C I A L A C C O U N T I N G
S a l e sa c t i v i t y
S A
L E
S I N
F O
R M
A T
I O
N S Y
S T
E M M
A T
E R
I A L
S M
A N
A G
E M
E N
T
S a l e s S u p p o r t
S a l e s
S h i p p i n g
B i l l i n g
I n q u i r y
Q u o t a t i o n C o n t r a c t
D e l i v e r y f r e e o fc h a r g e
S a l e so r d e r R e t u r n s S c h e d u l i n g
a g r e e m e n tU S D
D e l i v e r y
I n v o i c eD e b i t m e m o C r e d i t m e m o
Sales and Distribution Processing
SAP AG
Customer Order Management
Customer OrderManagement
InventoryInventorySourcingSourcing DeliveryDelivery BillingBilling CustomerCustomer
PaymentPaymentSales OrderSales OrderProcessingProcessing
Pre-SalesPre-SalesActivitiesActivities
Planning, Reporting and AnalysisPlanning, Reporting and Analysis
Pre-Sales Activities
Pre-Sales activities may include: Mailing lists Phone call records kept on the system Inquiries Quotations
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
SAP AG
Sales ActivitiesConferencesConferences
Telephone Telephone callscalls
PresentationsPresentations
Sales callsSales callsTelemarketingTelemarketing
BrochuresBrochures
R&D
Salesoffice staff
MarketingFieldsales force
SAP AG
Report on sales callCustomer: Engines Inc.Date : 09/02 at 5:00 p.m.
Reason : Customer supportOutcome : Order
Follow-upactivity : Customer support
18/10Report : _________________
_________________
Functionality in Sales Activities
Sales call
Follow-up sales activities
Master dataMaster data
Change master data
Mailbrochures
Send internal mails
Telephone
Sales call
Mailing
Customer:Engines Inc.
M1 10 PCM2 20 PC... ...
Quotation/Order
History ofsales activity
Customersales
summary
SAP AG
Same customer?Same customer?
Item completely or partially Item completely or partially referenced?referenced?
Validity period exceeded?Validity period exceeded?
Copying Requirements - Sales Documents
Item rejected?Item rejected?
SAP AG
Quotation (AG)Quotation (AG)
Standard order (TA)Standard order (TA)
Delivery (LF)Delivery (LF)
Billing document (F2)Billing document (F2)
Copying Requirements
SAP AG
Quotation = Reference Standard order
Copying Requirements - SD Documents
General dataHeader business dataPartner
General item dataItem business dataPartnerConditions
Schedule line data
General dataHeader business dataPartner
General item dataItem business dataPartnerConditions
Schedule line data
Document flow update
if customer is the same
if item is not
rejected
if required quantity
is greater than zero
Document flow
Quotation. Standard order
Customer sales order is a document thatspecifies the material and quantityrequested by a particular customer.
The sales order contains: Material data
Pricing information
Order quantity
Customer data
Delivery data
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
Sales Order Processing
Sales Document Structure
Sales documents containinformation that is logicallyorganized.
The header contains customer-related data for the entire order,such as currency and terms ofpayment.
Items contain data about thematerial and quantities ordered.
Schedule lines inform you as towhen and in what quantity theindividual items will be delivered.
Item 1
Schedule line 1
Header
Item 2
Schedule line 1
Schedule line 2
Each type of sales document represents a different type ofsales transaction.
Consignmentorder Sales
documenttypes
Credit/debitmemo request
Free of charge delivery
Return
Standard order
Cash order
Rush order
Schedulingagreement
Types of Sales Documents
Functions of Sales DocumentsDelivery scheduling
Credit check
Text Pricing
Availability check
Output
Transfer ofrequirements
Sales InformationSystem
Salesdocument
Each transaction or sales document makes the systemperform certain functions.
These functions affect how the document flows throughthe COM cycle.
SAP AG
Overview
Other views
OverviewOverview
Other viewsOther views
Business dataview
Header
Other views
HeaderHeader
Other viewsOther views
Businessdata
Partners
Output
Screens in Sales Documents
Item
Other views
ItemItem
Other viewsOther views
Entry screen
Purchase orderview Texts
Conditions
Businessdata
SAP AG
Functions in Customizing for Sales Documents
Sales document typesSales document types
Item categoriesItem categories
Sched. line categoriesSched. line categories
Control parameters
Control parameters
Control parameters
SAP AG
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Inventory sourcing (make/buy) determines: If the product is available (availability checking)
How the stock will be supplied
From stock on hand
Backorder
Made to order
Procured or transported from another source
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
Inventory Sourcing
SAP AG
Procurement (in-house production/externalprocurement) determines:
If the product is available (availability check) How the product will be procured:
From available stock By replenishment activities
(production order, purchase order) Make-to-order production Delivery from an external vendor Delivery from another warehouse
Procurement
SAP AG
Customer masterS1
"Delivering plant"0003
Material masterM1
"Delivering plant"0001
Material masterM2
"Delivering plant"0002
Proposing Plants
Sold-to party : C1Ship-to party : S1
Item Material Quantity Plant10 M1 10 000320 M2 10 0003
Sold-to party : C1Ship-to party : S2
Item Material Quantity Plant10 M1 10 000120 M2 10 0002
Customer-Material info recordC1 M1 Customer matl. "PC-100"
"Delivering plant"0004
Sold-to party : C1Ship-to party : S1
Customermaterial'PC-100'
Item
10
Qty.
10
Plant
0004
SAP AG
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Delivery is the process of preparing, organizing,and handling the shipping process.It consists of: Creating a delivery
Picking and packing
Organizing transport
Printing shipping documents
Posting goods issue and recording the financial transaction
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
Delivery
SAP AG
.......................... .......................... ..........................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehouse
• Packing
• Shipping papers • Goods issue
Salesorder
• Picking
• Update stock• Post general ledger
Delivery
• Create delivery
.......................... .......................... ..........................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......................... .......................... ..........................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivery
MMWMFIFI
MM MMMMSold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
.... OrderOrder10 6301 1020 6412 1030 1507 25
PickingPickingListList
FI
Delivery/Shipment Processing
Cash Forecast
– Picking Packing Transportation
SAP AG
R
The delivery is used to initiate all activities relevant to shipping, suchas picking, packing, and transportation.
A delivery is created for a shipping point for an order that is due fordelivery. The system copies the relevant data from the order.
Sales Order 1Customer 1
Sales Order 2Customer 1
Sales Order 3Customer 2
Delivery
Shippingpoint
Delivery dateCustomer
Delivery
Creating Deliveries
Goods Issue
MMFI
Not an SD document It is an MM & FI document Only possible when all items are fully picked and packed
SAP AG
R
Billing is the process of invoicing the customer forgoods delivered or services rendered.
The billing information is posted to the customer'saccount.
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
Billing
SAP AG
R
Billing Billing supports:
Creating invoices for deliveries and services Creating credit and debit memos on the basis of requests Canceling business transactions Transferring billing data to financial accounting
Invoice
SAP AG
R
Delivery 1 Delivery 2
Invoice
Delivery 3
Invoice
CustomerBilling dateDestination
country
Invoices can be grouped together using selection criteria, such ascustomer, billing date, and destination country.
Customer 1 Customer 1 Customer 2
Creating Invoices
SAP AG
R
Interface to Financial Accounting
Invoice
Amount: 100
Invoice
Amount: 100
Accounting
When saving the invoice, the system automatically generates anaccounting document, which updates the corresponding generalledger accounts.
100
SAP AG
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Customer Payment
Customer payment includes receiving andrecording the customer’s payment, increasingthe customer’s available credit, reducingreceivables, and recording any cash discounts.
Cash receipt processing contains: Payment amount
Payment terms
Discount amount
Invoice number
InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer
Payment
SalesOrder
Processing
Pre-Sales
Activities
Planning, Reporting and Analysis
SAP AG
R
Payment Final step of the COM cycle Customer Payment includes:
Posting payments against invoices Reconciling differences, if necessary
EDI Quotations Order
confirmations Delivery notes Picking lists Loading lists Packing lists Invoices Credit and debit
memos Export document
• Document
Teletext
Telex
Printout
Fax
Output and Printing
Logistics Information System
DataWarehouse
OnlineTransactionProcessing
Aggregated Information
Analyzing Tools
externaldata
Sales Finance
MaterialsManagement
ProductionPlanning OLTP
OnlineAnalyticProcessing
OLAP
Drilling down by period
Drilling down by Division
SIS
Sales analysisSales
Organisation
No. of orders
Invoice value
3000 25 90,000
Division Invoice value
Heavy Machinery 5 50,000Light Machinery 20 40,000
Division: Light MachinerySales Organisation: 3000
Month Invoice
value09.1997 1510.1997 30,000
10,000
FunctionsABC analysisClassificationDual classificationPlanned/actual comparisonsTotal curve
Sales Organisation: 3000No. of order
s
No. of order
s
Information System
5
LO150
SD Org structure
SD Functionality
SD Transactions
SD Tables
SD Master Data
Process SDEnd-to-End process SD :1. Sales to distributor (FP)
• Scheduling agreement per month
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Invoice per delivery
• Intercompany transaction
• Invoice list per period/month
2. Sales to Depot (FP)
• Scheduling agreement per month
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Intercompany/interbranch transaction
• Invoice List per month
3. Sales factory to factory (SFP)
• PO from requesting plant
• SO from supplying plant
• Delivery (Picking & GI) from supp. plant
• Goods receipt in requesting plant
• Intercompany/interbranch Invoice
from supplying plant
• Invoice verf. from requesting plant
• Invoice List per month
4. Sales Factory to Depot (SFP)
• Sales order
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Intercompany/interbranch invoice
• Invoice list
Process SD End-to-End process SD 1. Sales Factory to distributor (SFP)
• Sales Order
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Invoice per delivery
• Intercompany transaction
• Invoice list per period/month
2. Sales for Export
• Sales order from factory
• Proforma invoice
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Invoice
• Invoice List per month
3. Return for RTP or Goods Return
• Return Order
• Return Delivery (Picking & Goods Receipt)
• Credit Note
4. Rejection
• Sales order
• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)
• Invoice
Sales Order Delivery Goods Issue BillingGeneration
IncomingPayment
DeliveryDeliverySales Order Sales Order ProcessingProcessing
Billing &Billing &CollectionCollection
CUSTOMER
SUPPLIER
Finance and Accounting
Buy Materials
Receive Stock
PaySupplier
Requisition to Payment Order to Cash
BillCustomer
ReceivePayment
Sell DeliveryMRPProduction
ManageInventory
ProduceGoods
Plan and Execute Production
CUSTOMER
SUPPLIER
Finance and Accounting
Buy Materials
Receive Stock
PaySupplier
Requisition to Payment Order to Cash
BillCustomer
ReceivePayment
Sell DeliveryMRPProduction
ManageInventory
ProduceGoods
Plan and Execute Production
Process Order to Cash
SAP AG
R
Business Process Flow in SAP
The business process consists of steps which are documented by achain of sales & distribution documents.
At this point, you will only see the order number. The remainingnumbers will be provided when you complete that function.
Order Delivery Invoice
Document flow of a sales document
Order 900. Delivery 80000459. . Picking request 19951109. . GD goods issue: delvy 49001828. . Invoice 90000333. . . Accounting document 100000276
Payment
Create Customer Data,
Only for SD
T.Code
VD01 Create Customer Master
VD02 Change
VD03 Display
For Complete
XD01,02,03 Create/Change/Display Customer Master
Material Master
T. Code
MM01 Create
MM02 Change
MM03 Display
Sales Process
VA11/12/13 Create/change/display Inquiry
VA21/22/23 Quotation
VA01/02/03 Sales Order
VA31/32/33 Scheduling Agreement
VA41/42/43 Contract
Delivery Process
VL01N Create Delivery with reference
VL02N Change
VL03N Display
VL01O Create Delivery without reference
VL02O Change
VL03O Display
Billing process
VF01 Create Billing
VF02 Change Billing
VF03 Display
LO150
SD Org structure
SD Functionality
SD Transactions
SD Tables
SD Master Data
SAP AG
Table Structure for Customers - SD View
KNVK KNVA KNVS
KNVP KNVD KNVL
KNA1
KNVV KNVI
Customer master, general information
SAP AG
KNVH
Table Structure for Customer Hierarchies
SAP AG
MCHB
MCHA MLGT
MAPRMVERMBEW MLGNMARC
MAKT MARM MVKE MLAN MAEX
Table Structure for MaterialsMARA
MCH1
MARD
SAP AG
KNMT
KNMTK
Table Structure for Customer - Material - Information
SAP AG
STZU
Table Structure for Bills of Material
STKO
STAS
STPO
STPU
MAST TPSTEQST STSTKDST DOST
SAP AG
VBFA
SADR STXL
VBUV VBPA NAST STXH
VBKA
VBUK
Table Structure for Sales Activities
SAP AG
Sales Document Tables - Header
STXH/STXLTexts
VBUKHeader status
VEDAContracts
VMVAMatchcodes
NASTOutput
PP-StatusJSTO
VBAKHeader
VBKDBusiness data
VEPAPartners
VAKPAPartner indexes
VBUVIncompletion
VBFAFlows
SAP AG
Sales Document Tables - ItemVBKD
Business data
VEDAContract
VBLBForecast dlv. sched.
VBEPSettings
VBUVIncompletion
VBFADocument flows
VBPAPartners
JSTOPP status
VBBE/SRequirements
VBUPStatus
VEPVGShipping index
KONVConditions
VAPMAMaterial index
VMVAMatchcodes
STXH/STXLTexts
NASTOutput
CO object
Variants
Technicalobjects
Services
VBAPItem
SAP AG
Index TablesVBKOF
VBKPA
VAKPA
VLKPA
VRKPA
VEPVG
VKDFS
VAPMA
VLPMA
VRPMA
VAKGU
VMVA
VMVL
VMCF
VMCR
VBSG
VBFA
?
THANK YOU
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