sd cycle

LO150LO150

Customer OrderCustomer OrderManagementManagement

LO150

SD Org structure

SD Functionality

SD Transactions

SD Tables

SD Master Data

The following is the Organizational Elements inOrder Management:

Company code

Sales area consisting of:

Sales organization

Distribution channels

Division

Plant

Shipping point

Organizational Elements

Company Code

A company code represents an independentaccounting unit, for example, a companywithin a corporate group.

Balance sheets and Profit & Loss Statements,required by law, are created at the companycode level.

Company Code

Sales Organization

A sales organization:Is responsible for distributing goods and services.

Is responsible for negotiating sales conditions.

Carries out each business transaction.

Each sales organization is assigned to a companycode.

SAP AG

Distribution channels are the means through whichsales materials reach the customer.

Distribution channels include: Retail trade

Wholesale trade

Direct sales

Wholesale distributor

Sales organization

Distribution channelsWholesale

trade Retail trade Direct sales

Retail dealer

Distribution Channels

SAP AG

Division MSI has two product lines:

Motorcycles and accessories

DivisionDivision02

Motorcycles

Sales organization

DivisionDivision90

Accessories

SAP AG

Sales Area A sales area is the combination of:

Sales organization

Distribution channel

Division (product-related)

The sales area is used for reporting and pricing.

Sales Organization

Distribution Channel

Division Division 1 Division 2 Division 1 Division 1 Division 2

DistributionChannel 1


Sales Org 1


Sales Org 2

Consulting tip: A simple organizational structure is better than a complexA simple organizational structure is better than a complexone, as it simplifies the order entry process, for example. Consider usingone, as it simplifies the order entry process, for example. Consider usingfields on the master data screen for detailed reporting.fields on the master data screen for detailed reporting.

A plant is an organizational element within a company.A plant produces goods, renders services, or makesgoods available for distribution.

A plant can be one of the following types of locations: Manufacturing facility

Warehouse distribution center

Plant

Shipping Point

A shipping point is a fixed location that carries outshipping activities. Each delivery is processed byonly one shipping point.

Plant 1 Plant 2

Shippingpoint 2

Shippingpoint 1

SAP AG

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Summary

Sales Area:SalesOrganization

DistributionChannel

Division

Plant

ShippingPoint

02Direct sales

Sales Area:SalesOrganization

DistributionChannel

Division

Plant

ShippingPoint

Company Company4000MSI

Canada

3000MSIUS

LO150

SD Org structure

SD Functionality

SD Transactions

SD Tables

SD Master Data

SAP AG

How Master Data is Integrated in SD

Sales supportSales support

SalesSales

ShippingShipping

DATAWAREHOUSE

DATAWAREHOUSE

MMPP

PMCO

FIPS

Materials Mgmt.Production PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System

MM

FI

Materials Mgmt.Financial Accounting

CO

Financial AccountingControlling

FI

BillingBilling

Master DataCustomers ShippingMaterialsBills of materialCustomer-Material InformationProduct proposals BillingConditions

Master DataCustomers ShippingMaterialsBills of materialCustomer-Material InformationProduct proposals BillingConditions

Origins of Data in Sales Documents

Customer master data Sales order

Material master data

.....

Control tables

Texts

Conditions

Master Data contains the recordsthat remain in the database overan extended period of time.

Master Data contains the recordsthat remain in the database overan extended period of time.

Master Data(e.g., Customer Data) General Data

(commonacross client)

Sales Data(unique tosales area)

Accounting Data

(unique to company)

Master Data is centrally stored (sharedacross application modules) andprocessed to eliminate data redundancy.

Master Data is centrally stored (sharedacross application modules) andprocessed to eliminate data redundancy.

Master Data

Customer Master The customer master includes all data necessary

for processing orders, deliveries, invoices, andcustomer payments.

Customer master information is shared betweenthe accounting and sales and distributiondepartments.

The customer master groups data into categories:general data, company code data, and sales anddistribution data.

General dataSales & Distribution data

Company code data

SAP AG

Customer MasterCustomer : K1Sales organization : 3000Distribution channel : 03Division : 02

General dataGeneral data

Valid for bothaccounting and salesValid for bothaccounting and sales

Dependent on:- sales organization- distribution channel- division

Dependent on:- sales organization- distribution channel- division

AddressControl dataMarketingUnloading pointsContact person

Sales area dataSales area data

SalesShippingOutputPartner functions

Valid for accounting

Also referred to as centralviews on the customermaster

Valid for accounting

Also referred to as centralviews on the customermaster

Account ManagementPayment transactionsCorrespondenceInsurance

Company code dataCompany code dataCreatecentrally:

Create:

Create:Screen Views:

Screen Views:

Screen Views:

Sold-to party

..........

Employee

Forwarding agent

Ship-to party

Payer

Business Partners - Partner Functions

Partner Partner FunctionsFunctions

Contact person

Bill-to party

RECOGNISED BY SAP AS ACCOUNT GROUP

Partner Functions• Sold - to- party• Ship - to - party• Payer• Bill - to - party• Others like Carrier,

Sales person etc

SAP AG

Material Master

The material master contains all data required to defineand manage material. It integrates data from engineering,manufacturing, sales and distribution, purchasing,accounting, and other departments.

The material master is used as a source of data for salesorder processing throughout the customer ordermanagement cycle.

General dataPurchasing dataAccounting data

Sales dataManufacturing data

(etc.)

SAP AG

Accountassignment

Materials - Material Types

AAMaterialMaterial

Matl. typeMatl. type

Description

Department

Internal/External orders

Quantity/Value updatePrice control

Variance for each plant

SAP AG

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Sales 1Sales 1 Sales/PlantSales/Plant AccountingAccounting

Delivering Plant Shipping data Standard Price

Division Packaging data (Cost)

Master Data - Multiple Views

Material Master Examples:

Views:Views:

Data:

All master data is segmented by business function. Each area views only the data relevant to its function and

authorization level.

Some data may be independent of the view, for example,material description, base unit of measure, etc.

SAP AG

Customer-Material Information

Sales order

Customer-Material information

Sold-to party: K1

Customer matlM234M598

Description Computer 1Computer 2

Qty103

Sales organization : 1000Distribution channel : 01Customer : C1

MaterialM1M2...

DescriptionComputer AGComputer UG...

Customer-specific dataMaterial

M234M598

DescriptionComputer 1Computer 2 + More

data......

"Customer-Material Information" overview

SAP AG

Proposing Items Using Product Proposal

Product proposal : 5000002Validity period : 01/01- 12/31Search term : SD product proposal

Item Material Qty.10 M1 4020 M2 5030 M3 30

Sold-to party: C1

Item Material Order qty.10 M1 4020 M2 5030 M3 30

Sales order

Matchcode

Material orMaterial ormaterial + quantitiesmaterial + quantities

SAP AG

Bills of Material - An Example

Monitor Hard drive KeyboardMouse Floppy drive

Screen Casing

Computer

SAP AG

Material BOM

Bills of Material - Where They Are UsedConstruction

Technical data

Plant maint.

Maintenance infoSales and dist.

Order qty.

Pricing

Price

Production

Operations

Productionorder

Sales order

LO150

SD Org structure

SD Functionality

SD Transactions

SD Tables

SD Master Data

SAP AG

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Pre-Sales ActivitiesPre-Sales Activities

Sales Order ProcessingSales Order Processing

Inventory SourcingInventory Sourcing

DeliveryDelivery

BillingBilling

PaymentPayment

Invoice

Business Processes in COM Cycle

MM

COPM

PSFI

PPMaterials ManagementProduction PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System

Materials ManagementFinancial Accounting

Financial AccountingControlling

SHIPPING

BILLING

MASTER DATA

SALESSUPPORT

SALES

FI

MM

FI

CO

Sales and Distribution

S I S L

F I N A N C I A L A C C O U N T I N G

S a l e sa c t i v i t y

S A

L E

S I N

F O

R M

A T

I O

N S Y

S T

E M M

A T

E R

I A L

S M

A N

A G

E M

E N

T

S a l e s S u p p o r t

S a l e s

S h i p p i n g

B i l l i n g

I n q u i r y

Q u o t a t i o n C o n t r a c t

D e l i v e r y f r e e o fc h a r g e

S a l e so r d e r R e t u r n s S c h e d u l i n g

a g r e e m e n tU S D

D e l i v e r y

I n v o i c eD e b i t m e m o C r e d i t m e m o

Sales and Distribution Processing

SAP AG

Customer Order Management

Customer OrderManagement

InventoryInventorySourcingSourcing DeliveryDelivery BillingBilling CustomerCustomer

PaymentPaymentSales OrderSales OrderProcessingProcessing

Pre-SalesPre-SalesActivitiesActivities

Planning, Reporting and AnalysisPlanning, Reporting and Analysis

Pre-Sales Activities

Pre-Sales activities may include: Mailing lists Phone call records kept on the system Inquiries Quotations

InventorySourcing Delivery Billing Customer

Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities

Planning, Reporting and Analysis

SAP AG

Sales ActivitiesConferencesConferences

Telephone Telephone callscalls

PresentationsPresentations

Sales callsSales callsTelemarketingTelemarketing

BrochuresBrochures

R&D

Salesoffice staff

MarketingFieldsales force

SAP AG

Report on sales callCustomer: Engines Inc.Date : 09/02 at 5:00 p.m.

Reason : Customer supportOutcome : Order

Follow-upactivity : Customer support

18/10Report : _________________

_________________

Functionality in Sales Activities

Sales call

Follow-up sales activities

Master dataMaster data

Change master data

Mailbrochures

Send internal mails

Telephone

Sales call

Mailing

Customer:Engines Inc.

M1 10 PCM2 20 PC... ...

Quotation/Order

History ofsales activity

Customersales

summary

SAP AG

Same customer?Same customer?

Item completely or partially Item completely or partially referenced?referenced?

Validity period exceeded?Validity period exceeded?

Copying Requirements - Sales Documents

Item rejected?Item rejected?

SAP AG

Quotation (AG)Quotation (AG)

Standard order (TA)Standard order (TA)

Delivery (LF)Delivery (LF)

Billing document (F2)Billing document (F2)

Copying Requirements

SAP AG

Quotation = Reference Standard order

Copying Requirements - SD Documents

General dataHeader business dataPartner

General item dataItem business dataPartnerConditions

Schedule line data

General dataHeader business dataPartner

General item dataItem business dataPartnerConditions

Schedule line data

Document flow update

if customer is the same

if item is not

rejected

if required quantity

is greater than zero

Document flow

Quotation. Standard order

Customer sales order is a document thatspecifies the material and quantityrequested by a particular customer.

The sales order contains: Material data

Pricing information

Order quantity

Customer data

Delivery data


Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities


Sales Order Processing

Sales Document Structure

Sales documents containinformation that is logicallyorganized.

The header contains customer-related data for the entire order,such as currency and terms ofpayment.

Items contain data about thematerial and quantities ordered.

Schedule lines inform you as towhen and in what quantity theindividual items will be delivered.

Item 1

Schedule line 1

Header

Item 2

Schedule line 1

Schedule line 2

Each type of sales document represents a different type ofsales transaction.

Consignmentorder Sales

documenttypes

Credit/debitmemo request

Free of charge delivery

Return

Standard order

Cash order

Rush order

Schedulingagreement

Types of Sales Documents

Functions of Sales DocumentsDelivery scheduling

Credit check

Text Pricing

Availability check

Output

Transfer ofrequirements

Sales InformationSystem

Salesdocument

Each transaction or sales document makes the systemperform certain functions.

These functions affect how the document flows throughthe COM cycle.

SAP AG

Overview

Other views

OverviewOverview

Other viewsOther views

Business dataview

Header

Other views

HeaderHeader


Businessdata

Partners

Output

Screens in Sales Documents

Item

Other views

ItemItem


Entry screen

Purchase orderview Texts

Conditions

Businessdata

SAP AG

Functions in Customizing for Sales Documents

Sales document typesSales document types

Item categoriesItem categories

Sched. line categoriesSched. line categories

Control parameters

Control parameters

Control parameters

SAP AG

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Inventory sourcing (make/buy) determines: If the product is available (availability checking)

How the stock will be supplied

From stock on hand

Backorder

Made to order

Procured or transported from another source


Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities


Inventory Sourcing

SAP AG

Procurement (in-house production/externalprocurement) determines:

If the product is available (availability check) How the product will be procured:

From available stock By replenishment activities

(production order, purchase order) Make-to-order production Delivery from an external vendor Delivery from another warehouse

Procurement

SAP AG

Customer masterS1

"Delivering plant"0003

Material masterM1


Material masterM2


Proposing Plants

Sold-to party : C1Ship-to party : S1

Item Material Quantity Plant10 M1 10 000320 M2 10 0003


Item Material Quantity Plant10 M1 10 000120 M2 10 0002

Customer-Material info recordC1 M1 Customer matl. "PC-100"



Customermaterial'PC-100'

Item

10

Qty.

10

Plant

0004

SAP AG

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Delivery is the process of preparing, organizing,and handling the shipping process.It consists of: Creating a delivery

Picking and packing

Organizing transport

Printing shipping documents

Posting goods issue and recording the financial transaction


Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities


Delivery

SAP AG

.......................... .......................... ..........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Warehouse

• Packing

• Shipping papers • Goods issue

Salesorder

• Picking

• Update stock• Post general ledger

Delivery

• Create delivery

.......................... .......................... ..........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.......................... .......................... ..........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Delivery

MMWMFIFI

MM MMMMSold to party: C100

Item Material Qty

.... OrderOrder10 6301 1020 6412 1030 1507 25

PickingPickingListList

FI

Delivery/Shipment Processing

Cash Forecast

– Picking Packing Transportation

SAP AG

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The delivery is used to initiate all activities relevant to shipping, suchas picking, packing, and transportation.

A delivery is created for a shipping point for an order that is due fordelivery. The system copies the relevant data from the order.

Sales Order 1Customer 1



Delivery

Shippingpoint

Delivery dateCustomer

Delivery

Creating Deliveries

Goods Issue

MMFI

Not an SD document It is an MM & FI document Only possible when all items are fully picked and packed

SAP AG

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Billing is the process of invoicing the customer forgoods delivered or services rendered.

The billing information is posted to the customer'saccount.


Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities


Billing

SAP AG

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Billing Billing supports:

Creating invoices for deliveries and services Creating credit and debit memos on the basis of requests Canceling business transactions Transferring billing data to financial accounting

Invoice

SAP AG

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Delivery 1 Delivery 2

Invoice

Delivery 3

Invoice

CustomerBilling dateDestination

country

Invoices can be grouped together using selection criteria, such ascustomer, billing date, and destination country.

Customer 1 Customer 1 Customer 2

Creating Invoices

SAP AG

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Interface to Financial Accounting

Invoice

Amount: 100

Invoice

Amount: 100

Accounting

When saving the invoice, the system automatically generates anaccounting document, which updates the corresponding generalledger accounts.

100

SAP AG

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Customer Payment

Customer payment includes receiving andrecording the customer’s payment, increasingthe customer’s available credit, reducingreceivables, and recording any cash discounts.

Cash receipt processing contains: Payment amount

Payment terms

Discount amount

Invoice number


Payment

SalesOrder

Processing

Pre-Sales

Activities


SAP AG

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Payment Final step of the COM cycle Customer Payment includes:

Posting payments against invoices Reconciling differences, if necessary

EDI Quotations Order

confirmations Delivery notes Picking lists Loading lists Packing lists Invoices Credit and debit

memos Export document

• Document

Teletext

Telex

Printout

Mail

Fax

Output and Printing

Logistics Information System

DataWarehouse

OnlineTransactionProcessing

Aggregated Information

Analyzing Tools

externaldata

Sales Finance

MaterialsManagement

ProductionPlanning OLTP

OnlineAnalyticProcessing

OLAP

Drilling down by period

Drilling down by Division

SIS

Sales analysisSales

Organisation

No. of orders

Invoice value

3000 25 90,000

Division Invoice value

Heavy Machinery 5 50,000Light Machinery 20 40,000

Division: Light MachinerySales Organisation: 3000

Month Invoice

value09.1997 1510.1997 30,000

10,000

FunctionsABC analysisClassificationDual classificationPlanned/actual comparisonsTotal curve

Sales Organisation: 3000No. of order

s

No. of order

s

Information System

5

LO150

SD Org structure

SD Functionality

SD Transactions

SD Tables

SD Master Data

Process SDEnd-to-End process SD :1. Sales to distributor (FP)

• Scheduling agreement per month

• Delivery (Picking & Goods Issue)

• Invoice per delivery

• Intercompany transaction

• Invoice list per period/month

2. Sales to Depot (FP)

• Scheduling agreement per month


• Intercompany/interbranch transaction

• Invoice List per month

3. Sales factory to factory (SFP)

• PO from requesting plant

• SO from supplying plant

• Delivery (Picking & GI) from supp. plant

• Goods receipt in requesting plant

• Intercompany/interbranch Invoice

from supplying plant

• Invoice verf. from requesting plant


4. Sales Factory to Depot (SFP)

• Sales order


• Intercompany/interbranch invoice

• Invoice list

Process SD End-to-End process SD 1. Sales Factory to distributor (SFP)

• Sales Order


• Invoice per delivery

• Intercompany transaction

• Invoice list per period/month

2. Sales for Export

• Sales order from factory

• Proforma invoice


• Invoice


3. Return for RTP or Goods Return

• Return Order

• Return Delivery (Picking & Goods Receipt)

• Credit Note

4. Rejection

• Sales order


• Invoice

Sales Order Delivery Goods Issue BillingGeneration

IncomingPayment

DeliveryDeliverySales Order Sales Order ProcessingProcessing

Billing &Billing &CollectionCollection

CUSTOMER

SUPPLIER

Finance and Accounting

Buy Materials

Receive Stock

PaySupplier

Requisition to Payment Order to Cash

BillCustomer

ReceivePayment

Sell DeliveryMRPProduction

ManageInventory

ProduceGoods

Plan and Execute Production

CUSTOMER

SUPPLIER

Finance and Accounting

Buy Materials

Receive Stock

PaySupplier

Requisition to Payment Order to Cash

BillCustomer

ReceivePayment

Sell DeliveryMRPProduction

ManageInventory

ProduceGoods

Plan and Execute Production

Process Order to Cash

SAP AG

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Business Process Flow in SAP

The business process consists of steps which are documented by achain of sales & distribution documents.

At this point, you will only see the order number. The remainingnumbers will be provided when you complete that function.

Order Delivery Invoice

Document flow of a sales document

Order 900. Delivery 80000459. . Picking request 19951109. . GD goods issue: delvy 49001828. . Invoice 90000333. . . Accounting document 100000276

Payment

Create Customer Data,

Only for SD

T.Code

VD01 Create Customer Master

VD02 Change

VD03 Display

For Complete

XD01,02,03 Create/Change/Display Customer Master

Material Master

T. Code

MM01 Create

MM02 Change

MM03 Display

Sales Process

VA11/12/13 Create/change/display Inquiry

VA21/22/23 Quotation

VA01/02/03 Sales Order

VA31/32/33 Scheduling Agreement

VA41/42/43 Contract

Delivery Process

VL01N Create Delivery with reference

VL02N Change

VL03N Display

VL01O Create Delivery without reference

VL02O Change

VL03O Display

Billing process

VF01 Create Billing

VF02 Change Billing

VF03 Display

LO150

SD Org structure

SD Functionality

SD Transactions

SD Tables

SD Master Data

SAP AG

Table Structure for Customers - SD View

KNVK KNVA KNVS

KNVP KNVD KNVL

KNA1

KNVV KNVI

Customer master, general information

SAP AG

KNVH

Table Structure for Customer Hierarchies

SAP AG

MCHB

MCHA MLGT

MAPRMVERMBEW MLGNMARC

MAKT MARM MVKE MLAN MAEX

Table Structure for MaterialsMARA

MCH1

MARD

SAP AG

KNMT

KNMTK

Table Structure for Customer - Material - Information

SAP AG

STZU

Table Structure for Bills of Material

STKO

STAS

STPO

STPU

MAST TPSTEQST STSTKDST DOST

SAP AG

VBFA

SADR STXL

VBUV VBPA NAST STXH

VBKA

VBUK

Table Structure for Sales Activities

SAP AG

Sales Document Tables - Header

STXH/STXLTexts

VBUKHeader status

VEDAContracts

VMVAMatchcodes

NASTOutput

PP-StatusJSTO

VBAKHeader

VBKDBusiness data

VEPAPartners

VAKPAPartner indexes

VBUVIncompletion

VBFAFlows

SAP AG

Sales Document Tables - ItemVBKD

Business data

VEDAContract

VBLBForecast dlv. sched.

VBEPSettings

VBUVIncompletion

VBFADocument flows

VBPAPartners

JSTOPP status

VBBE/SRequirements

VBUPStatus

VEPVGShipping index

KONVConditions

VAPMAMaterial index

VMVAMatchcodes

STXH/STXLTexts

NASTOutput

CO object

Variants

Technicalobjects

Services

VBAPItem

SAP AG

Index TablesVBKOF

VBKPA

VAKPA

VLKPA

VRKPA

VEPVG

VKDFS

VAPMA

VLPMA

VRPMA

VAKGU

VMVA

VMVL

VMCF

VMCR

VBSG

VBFA

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