sas ibac presentation
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SAS Offers Water & Wastewater Treatment
Systems & Equipment
Our scope of activities covers all construction aspects of water and wastewater treatment plants from
solution to implementation.
SAS SCOPE COVERS
And More……
Typical Flow Variation
- Daily flow variation
- Monthly flow variation
- Yearly flow variation (seasons) Flow per Capita (Person) per day:
200 to 300 L/P/D
Typical Hourly Variation in flow And Strength of Domestic Wastewater
Adapted from Metcalf & Eddy Fourth edition 2003
Typical Composition of untreated domestic (sewage) wastewater
TYPICAL P&ID DIAGRAM
SCREENS
Screening is normally the first unit operation used at wastewater treatment plant. The screen is a device with openings, generally of uniform size, that is used to retain large objects and solids such as rags, paper, plastics, metals, and the like. WHY: To avoid any damages and blockage to subsequent process equipment.
SCREENS
SCREENS Classification
Coarse screens
Microscreens < 0.5 mm
Fine screens
6 to 150 mm < 6 mm
Hand
cleaned Mechanically
cleaned Static
Wedgewire Drum Step
Chain driven
Reciprocating rake
Catenary Continuous belt
SCREENS
Size of opening between bars
mm
Moisture content
%
Specific weight Kg/m3
Volume of Screenings L/1000 m3
Range Typical
12.5 60-90 700-1100 37 - 74 50 25 50-80 600-1000 15 - 37 22
37.5 50-80 600-1000 07 - 15 11 50 50-80 600-1000 04 - 11 06
Size of opening between bars
mm
Moisture content
%
Specific weight Kg/m3
Volume of Screenings L/1000 m3
Range Typical
6 80-90 900-1100 44 - 110 75
Characteristics & quantities removed from WW with COARSE screens
Characteristics & quantities removed from WW with FINE screens
Fine Screens are substitute for Primary treatment (I.e. primary clarifier)
SCREENS
SCREENING HANDLING , PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL EQUIPMENT
COMPACTORS Belt Conveyor
SCREENING HANDLING , PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL EQUIPMENT
Screw Conveyor Bagging Unit
FLOW MEASUREMENT
After Screens Using Flumes or Weirs & Ultrasonic level
measurement
FLOW MEASUREMENT
After the Pump station using Magnetic Flowmeter
PUMP STATION
Pumps Control
EQUALIZATION TANK
The main function of the equalization/buffering tank is to obtain equalisation of the wastewater quality (BOD, COD, TSS, nitrogen,...) and quantity (flow). The tank also buffers the wastewater during non feeding phases. The wastewater is kept in a continuous state of suspension and anaerobic conditions are avoided.
Aeration and Mixing in Equalization Tank
Aeration and mixing equipment should be sized to blend the contents of the tank and prevent deposition of solids in the basin. For WW with TSS in the range of 200 PPM: Mixing Requirements: 0.004 to 0.008 KW/m3 Air requirements to prevent septic & odour: 0.01 to 0.015 m3/m3/min Note: In equalization basin that follows primary sedimentation and have a short retention time aeration may not be required.
AERATION AND MIXING EQUIPMENT IN EQUALIZATION TANK
Surface aerators Coarse bubble
Pump Ejector Submersible aerators
Submersible Mixers
IBAC Integrated Bio Active Clarifier
Upper Concentric zones: Aerobic Zone Anoxic Zone Clarification Zone
Lower Zones: Facultative Zone Anaerobic Zone Sludge Treatment Zone
IBAC Treatment Zones
ANO
XIC
ANO
XIC
Aeration
Cla
rific
atio
n C
larif
icat
ion
Facultative
Anaerobic Sludge Treatment
Ideal , compact and economical solution for Municipal & Industrial Wastewater treatment
and reuse
IBAC ADVANTAGES Innovative, evaluated, tested and in use.
The technology serves a wide range of applications
Typical plant size is more than 50% smaller in footprint
Typical plant maintenance and operator costs are 50% less
Municipal and industrial discharges can be co-treated
Typically 70% less sludge is produced - low hauling costs
Sludge is stabilized and does not need dewatering
Harmful nutrients are removed to preserve water bodies
Automated compact plants are easy to manage and secure
Global remote monitoring and remote control option
Operator friendly and doesn’t require operator presence 24/7
IBAC CONSTRUCTION 1. IBAC CYLINDRICAL VESSEL ALTERNATIVES:
Concrete vessel for permanent sites Vessel with steel panels for movable and permanent sites Prefab reinforced fiberglass vessel for small systems
SLUDGE GENERATION COMPARISON
Conventional Activated Sludge
IBAC IBAC Advantage
0.7 to 1Kg. Dry Solids Per Kg. BOD
Removal
0.2 to 0.3 Kg. Dry Solids Per Kg. BOD
Removal
57% – 80%
< 1% of Dry Sludge in Sludge Water
3% of Dry Solid in Sludge Water
300% +
Typical Municipal Footprint 2,000 m3/ Day Flow
Traditional System IBAC Primary Clarifier Anoxic Tank Aeration Tank Secondary Clarifier Anaerobic Digester
Single Vessel
Total 1000 m2 Total 225 m2
PrimaryClarifier
SludgeDigester
Anoxic Tank
SecondaryClarifier
Aeration tank
IBAC
IBAC Vs Conventional System
Sludge Thickener
Recycle
Pump station
SELECTOR TANK Filamentous Bulking is a problem affecting the biosolids settling and thickening properties caused by filamentous micro organisms if present in large number. The problem will lead to high effluent suspended solids and poor treatment performance. The Solution to this problem is to have a SELECTOR TANK prior to the aeration tank where the growth of floc-forming bacteria is favored over filamentous bacteria. The Selector is a tank or series of tanks in which incoming wastewater is mixed with return sludge under Aerobic Or Anoxic Or Anaerobic condition , and classified into two types:
- Kinetics based selector (With high reactor substrate concentration) - Metabolic based selector (With high reactor substrate concentration &
biological nutrient removal)
The IBAC doesn’t require a selector Tank as it includes an Anoxic zone
IBAC AERATION EQUIPMENT Fine bubble diffusers
Bubble size : 1 – 3 mm Dia Kla (Oxygen Mass transfer Rate): max. at 1.5 – 2.5 mm Dia
IBAC Process Treatment Range From Municipal To High-Strength Industrial
Wastewater
Note: Wastewater Strength is measured in BOD-5 mg/liter
WASTEWATER STRENGTH IBAC Treatment Range
100 mg/l. BOD-5
22,000
mg/l. BOD-5
LOW
Municipal Household Grey Water
MEDIUM
Slaughterhouse Food Processing
HIGH
Pulp & Paper Rendering Breweries Fisheries
HIGHER
Hog waste Distilleries Cosmetics
Dairy Farms
IBAC VERSIONS OF PRODUCT LINE
IBAC I - For general municipal or industrial applications
IBAC II - Same as IBAC I but for very unstable flows
IBAC III - For wastewater with very high suspended solids
IBAC IV - For solar-powered applications
FILTRATION (TERTIARY TREATMENT) MULTI MEDIA PRESSURE FILTERS
FILTRATION (TERTIARY TREATMENT) MULTI MEDIA GRAVITY FILTERS
FILTRATION (TERTIARY TREATMENT)
Depth (or deep-bed) filtration, in which the particles are removed throughout the filter bed or in a significant portion of it (e.g., sand filters); Media: Anthracite: ES1.1 to 1.2 mm, D 30 – 60 cm Fine Sand: ES 0.5 to 0.6 mm, D 25 – 50 cm Coarse Sand: ES 1.5 to 3 mm, D 5 – 10 cm Gravel : Support media ES : Effective size D : Depth
PROCESS VARIABLES AFFECTING FILTRATION
• Flow rate “Q” • Type of solid particles: - Particle Size distribution. - Shape of particle. - Particle surface charge. • Liquid viscosity • Liquid density • Solid concentration
DISINFECTION (TERTIARY TREATMENT)
As Wastewater contains many types of humans enteric organisms that are associated with various waterborne diseases, here come the importance of disinfection , which is the destruction of these organism for safe use of the reclaimed water.
Physical Radiation Chemical Patronization Gama Ray Halogens (Cl , Br & I) UV Alcohols Phenol Soaps & Synthetic detergents Ozone Hydrogen Peroxide Etc.
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL DISINFECTANT
CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES / RESPONSE Availability Should be available in large quantities and
reasonably priced Deodorizing Should deodorize while disinfecting Homogeneity Solution must be uniform in composition Interaction with extraneous material
Should not be absorbed by organic matter other than bacterial cells
Noncorrosive and nonstaining Should not disfigure metals or stain clothing Nontoxic to higher forms of life Should be toxic to microorganisms and nontoxic to
humans and other animals Penetration Should have the capacity to penetrate through
surfaces Safety Should be safe to transport, store, handle, and use Solubility Must be soluble in water or cell tissue
Stability Should have low loss of germicidal action with time
on standing Toxicity to Microorganisms Should be effective at high dilutions Toxicity at ambient temperatures
Should be effective in ambient temperature range
MOST USED DISINFECTANTS
Chlorine Gas Cl2
Sodium Hypochlorite NaOCl
Ultra Violet
- Only available as Liquid. - 12 to 15% active chlorine - Decompose with heat &
light especially at high concentration.
Supplied as liquefied gas under high pressure in containers vary in size from 45kg , 68 kg (cylinders) & 908 containers (1 ton).
- Open channel - Closed Pipe - Different types of lamps
MECHANISM OF DISINFECTION
CHLORINE UV RADIATION 1.oxidation 2.Reactions with available
chlorine 3.Protein precipitation 4.Modification of cell wall
permeability 5.Hydrolysis and mechanical
disruption
1.Photochemical damage to RNA and DNA (e.g., formation of double bonds) within the cells of an organism.
2.The nucleic acids in microorganisms are the most important absorbers of the energy of light in the wavelength range of 240---280 nm.
3.Because DNA and RNA carry genetic information for reproduction, damage of these substances can effectively inactivate the cell
TYPE OF WASTEWATER
Initial Coliform count,
Chlorine dose ,mg/L Effluent standard ,MPN /100 mL
MPN / 100 ml 1000 200 23 <2.2 Raw wastewater 107-109 15-40 Primary effluent 107-109 10-30 20-40 Trickling filter effluent 105-106 3-10 5-20 10-40 Activated-sludge effluent 105-106 2-10 5-15 10-30 Filtered activated-sludge effluent 104-106 4-8 5-15 6-20 8-30 Nitrified effluent 104-106 4-12 6-16 8-18 8-20 Filtered nitrified effluent 104-106 4-10 6-12 8-14 8-16 Microfiltration effluent 101-103 1-3 2-4 2-6 4-10 Reverse osmosisb ̃0 0 0 0 0-2 Septic tank effluent 107-109 20-40 40-60 Intermittent sand filter effluent 102-104 1-5 2-8 5-10 8-18
a Adapted in part from U.S. EPA (1986); White (1999). b Based on free chlorine.
TYPICAL CHLORINE DOSAGE
BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT (Excess Sludge Or Waste Sludge)
Sludge out of the IBAC (Stabilized) 2 -3 % Dry Solids
Direct to mechanical dewatering
Belt Press Filter Press
Decanter (centrifuge)
Sludge out of Convectional
systems (Non-stabilized)
Max. 0.8 % Dry Solids
Digestion
Aerobic/Anaerobic
Max. 1 % Dry Solids
Thickening
Gravity/mechanical Thickener
2-3 % Dry Solids
To Dewatering Belt Press Filter Press
Decanter (centrifuge)
BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT (Excess Sludge Or Waste Sludge)
Belt filter press filter press
Decanter centrifuge
The target DS after
dewatering is 20 – 40%
BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT (ACCESSORIES)
Polymer Preparation unit Conveyors
University Admin
Access from Home
On the Road
Alarms Notifications
Programming Laptop
Telephone
PLC
IBAC
Field Instruments
Operator PC
Engineering PC
AUTOMATION & CONTROL
Mixed liquor concentration IBAC Tank
Dissolved Oxygen meter IBAC Tank
Turbidity Meter Final Treated Water
Flow Meter Inlet Main Headers
Delta Pressure Transmitters Multimedia Filters
pH & Temperature IBAC Tank
Chlorine residual Final Treated Water
VFD Control Room
FIELD INSTRUMENTS
CONCLUSION
IBAC VS. TRADITIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Headwork (screen+ pump
station) Primary clarifier
Anoxic Tank
Aeration Tank Sec. clarifier
Recycle Pump Station
Effluent Tank
Pressure Filters
Chlorine contact Tank
For Irrigation
Stabilization Tank
Thickener Dewatering
Polymer Station
Traditional activated sludge
Primary clarifier
Anoxic Tank
Aeration Tank Sec. clarifier
Recycle Pump Station
Stabilization Tank
Thickener
Chlorination building
Holding tank
IBAC VS. TRADITIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Headwork (screen+ pump
station) IBAC Effluent
Tank
Pressure Filters
Chlorine contact Tank
Dewatering
Polymer Station
IBAC
For Irrigation Chlorination building
Holding tank
QUESTIONS??
THANKS,
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