qtr 2 bm review

Quarter 2 Grammar ReviewQuarter 2 Grammar Review

Subject-Verb AgreementTroublesome Verbs

Direct and Indirect ObjectsVerb Tense Consistency

Simple and Compound SentencesAppositives

Subject-Verb AgreementSubject-Verb Agreement

Subjects and Verbs Must AgreeSubjects and Verbs Must Agree

• A singular subject needs a singular verb.

• A plural subject needs a plural verb.

Subject-Verb Agreement PracticeSubject-Verb Agreement Practice

Either the physicians in this hospital or the chief administrator ____ going to have to make a decision.

B.is

C.are

Where is the SUBJECT? Is it plural or singular?

Subject-Verb Agreement PracticeSubject-Verb Agreement Practice

______ my boss or my sisters in the union going to win this grievance?

C.Is

D.Are

Where is the SUBJECT? Is it plural or singular?

Subject-Verb Agreement PracticeSubject-Verb Agreement Practice

Some of the votes __________ to have been miscounted.

B.seem

C.Seems

Where is the SUBJECT? Is it plural or singular?

Subject-Verb Agreement PracticeSubject-Verb Agreement Practice

The tornadoes that tear through this county every spring _____ more than just a nuisance.

B.are

C.Is

Where is the SUBJECT? Is it plural or singular?

Subject-Verb Agreement PracticeSubject-Verb Agreement Practice

Everyone selected to serve on this jury _____ to be willing to give up a lot of time.

B.have

C.Has

Where is the SUBJECT? Is it plural or singular?

Troublesome Verb PairsTroublesome Verb Pairs

There are different sets of TROUBLESOME VERBS

Lie/lay

Sit/set

Rise/raise

Let’s look closer at each…

Troublesome Verb PairsTroublesome Verb Pairs

Lie and Lay– Lie means “to rest or recline.” It does not take an

object. – Lay means “to put or place something.” It does

take an object

Troublesome Verb PairsTroublesome Verb Pairs

Set and Sit– Sit means “to be in a seat” or “to rest.” It does

not take an object. – Set means “to put or place something.” It does

take an object.

Troublesome Verb PairsTroublesome Verb Pairs

Rise and Raise– Rise means “to move upward” or “to get up.” It

does not take an object. – Raise means “to lift (something) up.” It usually

takes an object.

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

1. Immigrant workers (lay, laid) the railroad tracks that crossed the United States.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

3. The old clock has (sat, set) on that ledge for a long time.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

4. We’ll have to (sit, set) a limit on spending next year.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

7. My grandparents (raise, rise) corn and beans on their farm.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

8. Be sure to (raise, rise) when the mayor enters the room.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

9. When the old man had been (lain, laid) to rest, the mourners left.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Troublesome Verb Pairs PracticeTroublesome Verb Pairs Practice

10. (Sit, Set) the photograph up on the shelf where we can all see it.

Is there an OBJECT? If so, what is it?

Direct ObjectsDirect Objects

• Direct object: is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb. It is often a part of the complete predicate. It answers the question what? or whom? after the verb.

• To find the direct object, first find the subject and the action verb. Then, ask “What (or Whom) did (subject) (action verb)?”

Indirect ObjectsIndirect Objects

• Indirect objects: follows an action verb and tells to whom or what or for whom or what the action is done. It will appear only if there is a direct object.

• To find the indirect object, first find the direct object. Then ask to what or whom? or for what or whom? the action that is done.

Direct and Indirect Objects PracticeDirect and Indirect Objects Practice

Find the DIRECT and INDIRECT Object (if there is one)

Dr. Hamilton had discovered a new

Industrial disease.

Direct and Indirect Objects PracticeDirect and Indirect Objects Practice

Find the DIRECT and INDIRECT Object (if there is one)

She showed companies new safety

measures.

Direct and Indirect Objects PracticeDirect and Indirect Objects Practice

Find the DIRECT and INDIRECT Object (if there is one)

Poisons in lead were harming many workers.

Direct and Indirect Objects PracticeDirect and Indirect Objects Practice

Find the DIRECT and INDIRECT Object (if there is one)

She gave the governor of the state the full report.

Verb Tense Consistency

• There are three main verb forms for showing time or tense:

• Simple Tense: does not use auxiliary verbs refers to specific time period during which something happens or something happened and is over or something will happen.– Simple present (action goes on now):  I sit– Simple past: (action happened and is over): I sat– Simple future (action will happen):  I will sit

Verb Tense Consistency Practice

At the movie theater, Sam stood up and drops his popcorn.

Is there a problem? If so, where?

Verb Tense Consistency Practice

• INCORRECT:• At the movie theater, Sam stood up and drops

his popcorn. • (stood is past; drops is present)

Verb Tense Consistency Practice

By the time negotiations began, many

pessimists have expressed doubt about them.

Does the tense match?

Verb Tense Consistency Practice

After Capt. James Cook visited Alaska on his

third voyage, he is killed by Hawaiian islanders

in 1779.

Does the tense match?

Verb Tense Consistency Practice

I was terribly disappointed with my grade

because I studied very hard.

Does the tense match?

Sentence Structure

• A Clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.

Ex. Kate noted the day’s events in her journal before she went to bed.

*There are 2 kinds of clauses: independent and dependent. Find them!

Sentence Structure

Independent and Dependent Clauses:• An independent clause expresses a complete

thought and can stand alone in a sentence.

Ex. Kate noted the day’s events in her journal. (independent)

• A dependent clause does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence. Most dependent clauses are introduced by word like although, before, because, so that, when, while, and that.

Sentence Structure

Ex. Before she went to bed (dependent)

• A dependent clause can be joined to an independent clause to add to the complete thought that the independent clause expresses.

Simple Sentences

A simple sentence contain ONE independent

clause and NO dependent clauses. Remember

that even a simple sentence can include many

details.

Simple Sentences

• Ex. Malika sings.• Ex. Ben enjoys and competes at chess every

day after school.

Now write your OWN simple sentences using the following guidelines:

Simple Sentences

1. In your first sentence, use 6 words and the word RAIN in the fourth position.

2. In your next sentence, use 5 words and the verb ARTICULATE.

3. In your third sentence, use 10 words and the adjective STUNNING in the 3rd position.

4. In your final sentence, use 6 words and the words VACATION, BLISS, and APPRECIATE

Compound SentencesCompound Sentences

A compound sentence contains 2 or more

independent clauses and NO dependent clauses.

Look for the Coordinating Conjunctions

FANBOYS

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

F: for

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

A: and

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

N : nor

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

B: but

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

O : or

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

Y: yet

FANBOYS-coordinating conjunctions

S: so

Compound SentencesCompound Sentences

Ex. Malika sings every day, and she practices with the choir.

Compound SentencesCompound Sentences

Ex. The choir rehearsed late on Tuesday, and the director praised their hard work.

Ex. The choir rehearsed late on Tuesday; the director praised their hard work.

The semi-colon can be used in place of a coordinating conjunction if the clauses

are INDEPENDENT.

Compound SentencesCompound Sentences

Now write your own COMPOUND sentence using the verbs dance and gallop

Appositives

Appositive: a word or group of words (phrase or clause) that stands next to a noun to give additional information.

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Love Bug, my pet canary, is fed daily

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Ms. Tate, the lady who is by the pool, once won our local golf tournament.

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Your bracelet is made of my favorite jewel, emeralds.

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Dunn and Denver, our goldfish, eagerly gulp their food

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Lady Gray, my horse, and Duke, my cousin’s pony, won first place ribbons at the fair.

Appositives

Find the appositive:

Dessert, peach cobbler and strawberry pie, were served to fifty guests, members of a wildlife

club.

Appositives

Find the appositive:

These televisions, the color one and the portable one, will be sold at the auction.