ps core signaling evolution
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 1
Signalling Evolution Packet Core Paul Bramich
Senior Solution Architect, Ericsson
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 2
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Important setup!
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 3
Lets test the system now! How many member countries are present in
our Core Working group EUGAP#31? A. 12 B. 13 C. 14 D. 17 E. 19
Lets check your EUGAP awareness!
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31 82 37 to vote
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 4
What is the main contributing factor to signalling load increases for Packet Core?
A. Rise of smartphones B. Popularity of different Apps C. New usage patterns D. Changed device behavior E. LTE topology RAN direct to core
Main contributing factors
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 5
Rise of Smartphones & tablets
Popularity & variety of apps
New usage pattern & device behavior
In LTE, direct exposure of Core to eNodeBs
Main contributing factors
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 6
The e2e smartphone challenge overview
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 7
The e2e smartphone challenge overview
Data traffic
RAN
con
trol
pla
ne lo
ad
Feature phones
PCs
Data: IP packets to/from apps, services, Internet Signaling: Mobile-specific messages for managing mobility and resources for Data traffic
Significant signaling x
Many smartphones =
Impact on some networks
Signalling load increasingly important with smartphones
Smart Phones
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 8
Why EPC signalling concerns?
Rapid uptake of popular LTE Smartphones ...which have a chatty traffic behaviour just
as for 3G
Frequent idle-to-active mode transactions Reduced phone battery consumption Increased cell capacity Controlled by the LTE RAN idle timer
LTE architecture without central controller Inter-base station mobility events visible in
EPC
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 9
0
10
20
30
40
Op1 Op2 Op3 Op4
10s 20s 61s 61s
HOSR
Live OPERATOR EXAMPLES No of Service requests/BH/SAU
The lower the idle timer value, the higher the signalling load on EPC
EPC network dimensioning need to consider that this impact is mainly controlled by RAN
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
4s 10s 10s 20s 20s 61s 61s RAN idle timer
SR/SAU/B
0
30
0 60 120
SRHO
Simulated impact of Idle Timer
s
1/BH/SAU Signaling rates in 4 LTE
networks with different Idle Timer settings
1/BH/SA
RAN idle timer
SR/SAU/Bhr
Signaling rates in 4 LTE networks with different Idle
Timer settings
1/BH/SAU
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 10
E2e network impacts
10
MME
SGW
HSS HLR/ AuC
eNB UE
Paging increases over radio interface
RRC signalling increases over radio interface
Service Request signalling request
increases to re-establish the RAB
Re-Authentication signalling request increases due to
Selective Authentication on every nth UE procedure
PGW
ENIQ Event Based Monitoring Data Transaction increase
Send Authentication Information Transaction increase
Paging Request increase to re-establish RAB for downlink traffic being buffered more often due to being in idle state quicker
Modify Bearer Message increase to notify SGW and PGW of RAB state change from CONNECTED to IDLE and IDLE to CONNECTED
Downlink Data Notification increase from PGW to SGW and then to MME to trigger paging to UE for re-establish RAB due to being in idle state quicker
S1-U S5-C
S5-U
Gr
RAN Utilisation Savings due to less
connected states
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 11
Operator 1 Operator 2
Operator 3
LTE world range
Signaling UE / RAN =>
Frequency per SAU per BH
3G LTE only
After LTE launch
Before LTE
launch
LTE connected
subs
Customer under study
(current)
MME GGSN2) SGW2)
Attach 0.9 0.1 3.7 0.1 - 7 0.2 -
Detach 0.04 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.1 ()
PDP / Bearer Activation 0.2 3 0.75-0.80
1 0.2 - 5 0.3
Service Request 4.4 7.2 7 3.74 7.7 (100%) 3 60 2-4 ()
S1 / Iu Release 12 13.9 17 12 20 (100%) 3 60 17-32 -
Paging 2.7 6.6 10 1.5 8.4 (500%) 1 - 20 2 - 3)
Intra-SGSN-MME RAU/TAU1)
1.8 3.9 0.5-0.8 .5-.8 0.2 5 0.9 - -4)
Intra-RAT HO1) (X2 / SRNS...)
3.2 0.1 2.6 1 - 25 -
Inter-SGSN-MME RAU/TAU with W=>L IRAT
1 6.6 - - 0.5 - 8 0.02
Signaling impact assumptions:
1) Intra-RAT, Intra-SGSN-MME
2) SGW: LTE, S11. GGSN: WCDMA, Gn, no 3GDT
3) Mainly DL data notifications before paging
4) No SGW relocation
potential Signaling impact
Ultimately, traffic profile will depend on device mix, user behavior, apps & RAN design etc
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 12
35sec Inactivity timer
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0:00:00 0:00:09 0:00:17 0:00:26 0:00:35 0:00:43 0:00:52 0:01:00 0:01:09 0:01:18
Repeat mo-Data request from same M-TMSI (VXE8 MME - National LTE RAN) - ZOOMED
Count
Count of Top 10
All repeat activities handled in same
connected state with 35 sec timer setting
Larger sample size than next slide
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 13
10sec Inactivity timer
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0:00:00 0:00:09 0:00:17 0:00:26 0:00:35 0:00:43 0:00:52 0:01:00 0:01:09 0:01:18
Normalised Count of Time between repeated Service Request for MoData from same M-TMSI - National (VXE8 MME)
All Subscribers
Top 10 Subscribers per Repeat Activity Delta Time Point
Large spikes also seen at 15 and 20
secs.
Large spikes also seen at 15 and 20
secs.
This could be due to device issues or configuration and is limited to only a handful of
individual UEs
At 11 secs there is a considerable request to
reactivate the RAB given it has just gone idle.
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 14
Network impacts of RAN timer changes
MME (S1 and S11 interfaces) ~100% increase in Service Request Procedures ~30% increase in LTE paging over S1 interface ~30% increase in Modify Bearer Requests over S11 interface
SGW/PGW (S11 & S5 interface) ~30% increase in Modify Bearer Requests received over S11 interface and S5 (internal/external) to PGW ~30% increase in Downlink Data Notification sent to SGW over S5 (internal/external) and S11 interface to MME. ~Session Controller board CPU impacts.
HSS (S6a & HLR/AUC i/f for Auth) ~10% increase in S6a Authentication Procedures. ~10% increase in MAP Send Authentication Procedures between the HSS and HLR
RAN Increased signalling over the air interface due to paging and RAB establishment request increases. *Better capacity utilisation of radio interface (e.g. PRBs, SR etc.) due to less time spent in connected state.
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 15
Why reduce LTE RAN Idle timer?
A. Because Apple said to B. To save RAN bearers C. To improve battery life D. So Ericsson can sell more
So why do it????
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 16
So why do it???
Battery Life
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 17
Feature roadmap overview Feature 3GPP? GSM WCDMA LTE
Smart and Adaptive Paging No 2013A 2013B 2010B
Selective SR Handling No - 2011A -
UE Signalling Control No 2011A 2011A 2011A
Dynamic TAI List Control Yes - - 2012A
Attach Throttling ? - - 2013A
Smart and Adaptive Paging feature reduces signaling load by up to 90%
Selective Service Request Handling features enable the SGSN-MME to selectively handle which radio access bearers (RABs) to re-establish elimination of unnecessary setup of multiRABs within the radio
network up to 50% makes room for more users and directly impacts the needed investment
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 18
Smart Adaptive Paging
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 19
Selective Service Request Handling
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 20
UE Signalling Control
GSM, WCDMA & LTE applicable!
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 21
Smartphone signalling demo
Please check with your local Ericsson representative to secure the Smartphone signalling demo
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EUGAP Meeting No. 31: Jakarta; November 25 - 27, 2013; 22
Slide Number 1Important setup!Lets check your EUGAP awareness!Main contributing factorsMain contributing factorsThe e2e smartphone challengeoverviewThe e2e smartphone challengeoverviewWhy EPC signalling concerns?Live OPERATOR EXAMPLESNo of Service requests/BH/SAUE2e network impactspotential Signaling impact35sec Inactivity timer10sec Inactivity timerNetwork impacts of RAN timer changesSo why do it????So why do it???Feature roadmap overviewSmart Adaptive PagingSelective Service Request Handling UE Signalling ControlSmartphone signallingdemoSlide Number 22
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