div class=ts-pagebuttonPage 1button div class=ts-image amp-img class=ts-thumb alt=Page 1: Prof Edward L Thorndike src=https:reader037vdocumentsusreader037viewer2022100502575067f51a28ab0f07adefbchtml5thumbnails1jpg width=142 height=106 layout=responsive amp-img divp© 1949 Nature Publishing Grouppdiv