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Case study El SalvadorUrban Vitality Case study El SalvadorCourse integration
sustainability
urban conditions
liveability
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
Health
- healthy environment- waste disposal (solid/water)- water/sanitation quality- access to medication- access to food
- selfprotection- rights- landownership/tenancy
- criminality- crossing roads- home security- gender, children- disaster risk
- climate comfort/adapting- cooping with disaster risk- cooping with nature
- public-private domain- neighbor relations- religion
Control Safety Social relations
Environmental
analysis
peopleexistingknowledge
people
Economy
Infrastructure
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Prosperity
Health
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmentalinterview witho�cials
interview withinhabitants
workshop
survey
analysisGPS/GIS
ObservationSpace Syntax
Space Mate
Evironmental
Health
Safety
Social relations
Environmental
ConnectivityEconomy
Social relationsInfrastructure
existingknowledge
Infrastructure
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Social relations
Political
liveabilityConnectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
urban conditionssustainabilityPositive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
Mapping Cultural History, increasing in detail from 1998 -2009, in Disasters, Political events, Economic flow, Population figures and migration
Goal is to recognize, framing certain influences and consequences in these various fields
with
Evolutionairy Map
1100
300
BC
2000
BC
1540
1821
1823
1840
1525
8000
BC
1800
1900 2005
‘60
‘70
‘80
‘90
2004
2003
2002
2001
‘50
‘40
‘30
‘20
‘10
2009
2008
2007
2006
2000‘95
1100
300
BC
2000
BC
1540
1821
1823
1840
1525
8000
BC
1800
1900 2005
‘60
‘70
‘80
‘90
2004
2003
2002
2001
‘50
‘40
‘30
‘20
‘10
2009
2008
2007
2006
2000‘95
Oct
5 -
Hur
rican
e St
an >
Hea
vy r
ains
Oct
3 -
Lan
dslid
eO
ct 1
- V
olca
no e
rupt
ion
May 19 - Hurricane Adrian
Oct - Hurricane Larry > Landslides, floods
Jan
- Ea
rthq
uake
7.6
‘99
Sept
- H
eavy
rai
n >
Flo
ods
‘97 Sept - Tropical storm Olaf > flooding
‘88
Aug
- Tr
opic
al S
torm
> f
lood
s
‘82
Sept
- F
lood
s an
d m
udsl
ides
‘86
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 5.
4 >
mud
slid
e
18
78
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 6.
6 >
mud
slid
e
‘95
Sept
- H
eavy
rai
n, e
rosi
on >
flo
odin
g
‘98
Oct
-Nov
- H
urric
ane
Mitc
h >
Flo
ods,
mud
slid
es
Feb
- Ea
rthq
uake
6.1
350
‘51
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 6.
6 >
mud
slid
e
7
1700
915
585
314
252,622 Affected1,134,190 Affected
100,000 Affected
200
200
134,190 Affe41,11 A1,
9151
252,622 Affected52525Affected 2525
5
ctedAffeA
5 31433
100,000 Affected
1700350
7
urricane es, floodfes, floodricane
flfrricane
flofdsliliddsdsLadsLaLaddsdd
arry > >ar
- HMay 19 9
Landnds
200
lafafaf‘97 Sstorm Ostorm
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ptOlaOlapOlaOOlaaaa
5855
uururHlHHHuru rrlissdssHHHH- HHHHHH
> >p
ro>>o
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ggfloodinloodinnopffpiflfl
opo
> f
lood
so
> f
lood
s
1902
Tsu
nam
i
39 060
33
1 500
- 80 0
+ 100 000 people
0 people-245 000
Mejicanos165 652
4,5 million inhabitants
8 million inhabitants
1969 Soccer Waragainst Honduras
1969The eviction of thousands of Salvadoran illegal immegrants from Honduras
1980-19921 miilion displaced
1998500 000 Internally Displaced
1100
300
BC
2000
BC
1540
1821
1823
1840
1525
8000
BC
1800
1900 2005
‘60
‘70
‘80
‘90
2004
2003
2002
2001
‘50
‘40
‘30
‘20
‘10
2009
2008
2007
2006
2000‘95
1880Rising Coffe Industry
1926Global economy fellCoffee prizes drop
1986World CoffeePrizes fall
1980 - 1990Coffee yields get lower by war taxes
2001Dollar official currency
2006El salvador ratifies CAFTA (free trade agreement)between central america & Domenican Republic
2003El Salvador agrees on a free trade agreement with the US
Late 2006Government & millenium challenge cooperation sign a 461 million contract to stimulate economic growth
2007 - jan21 inmates are killed in a riot at a maximum security prison
2007 - feb3 members of the governing party are murdered in Guatemala
2008 - janMore than 400 judges hold a protest over corruption allegations
GDP: 5 Billion
GDP: 10,5 Billion
‘95 Sept - Opening dam> flooding
‘95 Jan - Epidemic
Oct
5 -
Hur
rican
e St
an >
Hea
vy r
ains
Oct
3 -
Lan
dslid
eO
ct 1
- V
olca
no e
rupt
ion
May 19 - Hurricane Adrian
Hurricane Larry > Landslides, floods
Jan
- Ea
rthq
uake
7.6
‘99
Sept
- H
eavy
rai
n >
Flo
ods
‘97 Sept - Tropical storm Olaf > flooding
‘88
Aug
- Tr
opic
al S
torm
> f
lood
s
‘82
Sept
- F
lood
s an
d m
udsl
ides
‘86
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 5.
4 >
mud
slid
e
18
78
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 6.
6 >
mud
slid
e
‘95
Sept
- H
eavy
rai
n, e
rosi
on >
flo
odin
g
‘98
Oct
-Nov
- H
urric
ane
Mitc
h >
Flo
ods,
mud
slid
es
Feb
- Ea
rthq
uake
6.1
350
‘51
Oct
- E
arth
quak
e 6.
6 >
mud
slid
e
7
1700
915
585
314
252,622 Affected1,134,190 Affected
100,000 Affected
200
200
Affe1,134,190 A41 A1,
9151
dor agreegde agreer
252,622 Affected52525Affectede 2525
5
eee
ctedAffeA
5
003Salvad
ree trad314ree ree
20El fr3frfr
0
re3frfrdo
ad
1980 - 19901Coffee yields d
100,000 Affected
Coffee y
1700350
7
11
ffe Induf I
926balbal
offee
ffe Induf I
6l
ee
19GlobGlobCof
9bb
of
5 m
s
5 m
s
urricane floofloods, fes fffloododes, fes
ricane flff
rricane floffdslislilididdssdss
LasdsLaLadsdsdd
arry > >ar
1998
-
1998
HMay 19
9
9
Landdndds
get lower by w90
s get log wa90
s get lower bywt lowwet lowewet lower byet lowee
lafafaf‘97 Sstorm Ostorm
Sepm Olm OSem Om
ptOlaOlapOlaOlaaaa
5855
e trade aee trade ae
uururHlHHHururrrlissdssHHHHHHHHHH
> >op
ro>>o
>>f f >>f >>>>fffical
ggfloodinloodinnopffpiflfl
opo
> f
lood
so
> f
lood
s
11
San Salvador415 346
San Salvador483 900
San Salvador 550 828
Soyapango402 198
Soyapango261122
Mejicanos54 916
Mejicanos131 972
CIVIL WAR
.1840Independent Republic14 families rule
.1821El Savador gains independence, part of Mexico
.1823El Savador becomes part of United Provences of Central America
800BCPaleo Indians
2000BCMeso AmercicanCivilization
300BC Start Maya culture
1931Maximiliano Hernandez MartinezDictator
1961Rightwing National Concilliation party(PCN) comes to power
1977Guerilla activities by left wing FLMN increased violationsCarlos Romero elected president
1980Oscar romero assasinatedDuarte becomes president
1979-198130 000 people killed
1981US assistenceright wing governmentFrance & Mexico recognise FLMN
1991FLMN & governmentsign peace accord
1994Armando Calderon Solelected president
1997Leftist Hector Silva elected mayor of San Salvador
1999Francisco Flores beats former guerailla in presedentail election (arena)
2003360 Salvadoran troops despatched to Iraq
2004 - marchTony Saca (arena) wins presidential elections
October - floodsOctober - Volcanic eruption
00200
1100End maya culture
1525Spanish conquer El Salva-dor
1540El Salvador becomesSpanish colony
000 people
‘90
million inhabitants
of Salvadoranonduras
1980-19921 miilion displacedran
‘86
Ot
--E
million inhmillion inh
CIVIL WAR
party
7lla activities by left wing FLMN c gased violationsvs Romero elected presidentm e
198019801980sasinatsasinattOOOc
tO
cmero asmero assssomomemmeoOscar roOscar ro tedtedtttts presidend86
86
Duarte becomesesDuarte beaDuarte beDuarteuarteDuarte enten
19911FLMN & governmentsign peace accorde
Defining our case study, starting from UE conditions with influences of Tool Box
with
Case Study definition
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de!nition
de!nition
Formal response: Top-down, spatial-planned
disaster response.
Initiated by government or NGO
Informal response: Unplanned disaster response.
Initiated by NGO or a"ected people themself.
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de!nition
de!nition
Formal response: Top-down, spatial-planned
disaster response.
Initiated by government or NGO
Informal response: Unplanned disaster response.
Initiated by NGO or a"ected people themself.
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de!nition
Governmental
Non governmental
Non governmental
E!ected population
locations
Case study El Salvador
Governmental
Non governmental
Non governmental
E�ected population
locations
case study de!nition
Mejicanos
Cuscatancingo Delgado
Santa Tecla
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
MejcanosCuscatancingo
Delgado
Santa Tecla
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de!nition
Governmental
Non governmental
Non governmental
E!ected population
locations research analysis
case study de�nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de�nition Case study El Salvadorcase study de�nition
Governmental
Non governmental
Non governmental
E!ected population
locations research analysis
Contemporaryurban conditions
Case study El SalvadorCase study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
How to de!ne Urban Vitality?
Case study El Salvador
sustainability
urban conditions
liveabilityurban vitality
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
responses
Disaster El Salvador
Formal response
Informal response
case study de!nition Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
Governmental
Non governmental
Non governmental
E!ected population
locations research analysis
Urban transformationinstigated by
disaster responses
Contemporaryurban conditions
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
liveabilityHealth
- healthy environment
- waste disposal (solid/water)
- water/sanitation quality
- access to medication
- access to food
- selfprotection
- rights
- landownership/tenancy
- criminality
- crossing roads
- home security
- gender, children
- disaster risk
- climate comfort/adapting
- cooping with disaster risk
- cooping with nature
- public-private domain
- neighbor relations
- religion
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmental
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
liveabilityHealth
- healthy environment
- waste disposal (solid/water)
- water/sanitation quality
- access to medication
- access to food
- selfprotection
- rights
- landownership/tenancy
- criminality
- crossing roads
- home security
- gender, children
- disaster risk
- climate comfort/adapting
- cooping with disaster risk
- cooping with nature
- public-private domain
- neighbor relations
- religion
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmental
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
How do the post-disaster responses, initiated
formally and informally, contribute enhance
the quality of an inhabitants life and its direct
surroundings?
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
Connectivity
- locally connected
- regional connected
- travel time mapping
- economic "ows/product "ows
- exclusion
- map economic activity
- map employment activity
- rural-urban "ows
- ongoing roads/access
- "ows of food
- un-motorised/motorised
- public transport
- ruling party
- centralized <-> decentralized
- Municipal relations
- NGO -> Municipal relations
- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)
- open public space
- street pro!les
EconomyInfrastructure
Social relations
Political
urban conditions
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
Connectivity
- locally connected
- regional connected
- travel time mapping
- economic "ows/product "ows
- exclusion
- map economic activity
- map employment activity
- rural-urban "ows
- ongoing roads/access
- "ows of food
- un-motorised/motorised
- public transport
- ruling party
- centralized <-> decentralized
- Municipal relations
- NGO -> Municipal relations
- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)
- open public space
- street pro!les
EconomyInfrastructure
Social relations
Political
urban conditions
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
How do the post-disaster responses, initiated
formally and informally, contribute to
enhance the urban conditions?
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
sustainabilityPositive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence
- - re-forestation
- ecological use
- capacity building
-
- economic possibilities
- access to education
- - risk reduction
- mitigation
- evacution
- education
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
sustainabilityPositive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence
- - re-forestation
- ecological use
- capacity building
-
- economic possibilities
- access to education
- - risk reduction
- mitigation
- evacution
- education
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
ContemporaryconditionsUrban transformation after disaster
Urbanprocess
before disaster
9 weeks investigationpost-disaster responsespre-disaster
Case study El Salvadorcase study de!nition
How do the post-disaster responses, initiated
formally and informally, contribute to a durable
and sustainable city?
Mapping Urban Vitality, through Liveability, Urban/Spatial conditions & Sustainability
with
Tool Box
Case study El SalvadorTool Box
analysis
peopleexistingknowledge
Case study El SalvadorTool Box
GPS/GIS
ObservationSpace Syntax
Space Mate
Evironmental
Health
Safety
Social relations
Environmental
ConnectivityEconomy
Social relationsInfrastructure
analysis
Case study El SalvadorTool Box
Economy
Infrastructure
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Prosperity
Health
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmentalinterview withofficials
interview withinhabitants
workshop
survey
people
Case study El SalvadorTool Box
existingknowledge
Specific Data
Generic Data
re-forestation
evacuation
ecological useinsurance
health acces to medication
health waste disposal
water/sanitation quality
safetety woman & child
control rights
social relations:religion
acces to education
economic possibities
regionalconnected
locally connected
economic flows/product
flows of food
employment activity
rural productflows
publictransport
open public space
(self ) controllandownership educational
(sustainable)
risk reduction (sustainable)
mitigation
capacitybuildingpolitical
ruling party
ongoing roadsaccessibility
Case study El SalvadorUrban Vitality Case study El SalvadorWork plan, Contacts
sustainability
urban conditions
liveability
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
Health
- healthy environment- waste disposal (solid/water)- water/sanitation quality- access to medication- access to food
- selfprotection- rights- landownership/tenancy
- criminality- crossing roads- home security- gender, children- disaster risk
- climate comfort/adapting- cooping with disaster risk- cooping with nature
- public-private domain- neighbor relations- religion
Control Safety Social relations
Environmental
analysis
peopleexistingknowledge
people
Economy
Infrastructure
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Prosperity
Health
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmentalinterview witho�cials
interview withinhabitants
workshop
survey
analysisGPS/GIS
ObservationSpace Syntax
Space Mate
Evironmental
Health
Safety
Social relations
Environmental
ConnectivityEconomy
Social relationsInfrastructure
existingknowledge
Infrastructure
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Social relations
Political
liveabilityConnectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
urban conditionssustainabilityPositive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
Case study El Salvador
Mejicanos Cuscatancingo DelgadoSanta Tecla
Contacts
Head of spatial planning
El Salvador (due Diego)
Ricardo Barrera‘Head planning Munici-
pality of
Mejicanos’
Jeanette Alvarado
‘PFCGR’
Rene Ramos
‘MPGR’ Edin Martinez Jaenette Aguilar
Case study El SalvadorUrban Vitality Case study El SalvadorWork plan, budgetplan
sustainability
urban conditions
liveability
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
Health
- healthy environment- waste disposal (solid/water)- water/sanitation quality- access to medication- access to food
- selfprotection- rights- landownership/tenancy
- criminality- crossing roads- home security- gender, children- disaster risk
- climate comfort/adapting- cooping with disaster risk- cooping with nature
- public-private domain- neighbor relations- religion
Control Safety Social relations
Environmental
analysis
peopleexistingknowledge
people
Economy
Infrastructure
Political
Positive growth
Resilience
Prosperity
Health
ControlSafety
Social relations
Environmentalinterview witho�cials
interview withinhabitants
workshop
survey
analysisGPS/GIS
ObservationSpace Syntax
Space Mate
Evironmental
Health
Safety
Social relations
Environmental
ConnectivityEconomy
Social relationsInfrastructure
existingknowledge
Infrastructure
Connectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Social relations
Political
liveabilityConnectivity
- locally connected- regional connected- travel time mapping
- economic �ows/product �ows- exclusion- map economic activity- map employment activity- rural-urban �ows
- ongoing roads/access- �ows of food- un-motorised/motorised- public transport
- ruling party- centralized <-> decentralized- Municipal relations- NGO -> Municipal relations- exclusions
- map social centrallity (functions)- open public space- street pro�les
Economy Infrastructure Social relations
Political
urban conditionssustainabilityPositive growth
Resilience
Evironmental
Prosperity
- insurrence - - re-forestation
- ecological use- capacity building-
- economic possibilities- access to education-
- risk reduction- mitigation - evacution- education
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SCENARIOS LOCATION DEFINITION
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