power point osha-first aids

OSHA-(AW101)

NAMA MASING2

• First aid is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury.

• A burn is damage to your body's tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight or radiation.

• Scalds from hot liquids, steam and gases are the most common causes of burns.

• First-degree burns• Your skin will likely be reddened and painful.

It can also be swollen.• In general, if a first-degree burn does not cover

a significant portion of your body, it can be treated at home.

Second-degree burn.• A second-degree burn typically causes severe pain and swelling.• If you suffer a small and localized second-degree burn -you might

be able to treat it effectively at home.• If the burned region is larger than this, it is best to go to your doctor

or local hospital for professional care.•  Third-degree burns• You may experience severe pain, but if a nerve has been damaged

by the burn, it is possible that you will feel little to no pain.• All third-degree burns require immediate emergency medical care

WHAT IS FIRST AID?

• Bleeding refers to the loss of blood. Bleeding can happen inside the body (internally) or outside the body (externally).

• Blood coming from an open wound• Bruising• Abdominal pain and swelling• Chest pain• Coughing blood

• Stop the bleeding.• Never remove an impaled object

- let a doctor do this.• Whenever bleeding cannot be

stopped with direct pressure in a reasonable amount of time, seek medical care as soon as possible.

• Shock is a medical emergency in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving an adequate flow of blood.

TYPES OF SHOCKS• Cardiogenic Shock

(associated with heart problems)

• Hypovolemic Shock (caused by the total volume of blood available to circulate is low)

SYMPTOMS OF SHOCKS•  Low blood pressure.• Feeling faint, weak or

nauseous.• Dizziness

TREATMENTS FOR SHOCKS

• Keeping the patient warm, with legs raised and head down to improve blood flow to the brain

• Giving the patient extra oxygen to breathe and medications to improve the heart's functioning

• Loosen tight clothing.• Don't give them anything to eat or drink

because of the risk of vomiting.

BONE FRACTURES

• a medical condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone

SYMPTOMS OF BONE FRACTURES• Pain• Swelling• Bruising• Deformity• Inability to use the limb

TYPES OF BONE FRACTURES• Closed (simple)

fractures are those in which the skin is intact

• Open (compound) fractures involve wounds that communicate with the fracture

TREATMENTS

• Braces – to support the bone• Plaster cast – to provide support and

immobilize the bone• Surgically inserted metal rods or plates – to

hold the bone pieces together• Pain relief.

POISONING

• A substance that has toxic effects and may injure you or make you sick if you are exposed to it.

SYMPTOMS OF POISONING

• Nausea and vomiting.• Throat pain.• Drooling.• Seizures.• Difficulty breathing.• Headache.

TREATMENTS

• If someone has swallowed poison Try to wake them and encourage them to spit out

any pills. Do not put your hand into their mouth. Do not give them anything to eat or drink.• If someone has inhaled poisonous fumes Remove the person from the contaminated area. Check that the person's airway is open.

CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

• A lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies, including heart attack or near drowning, in which someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.

TREATMENTS

Do Chest Compressions• Place the heel of your hand on the center of the person's

chest.• Place the heel of your other hand on top of your first

hand, lacing fingers together.• Keep arms straight and your shoulders directly over your

hands.• Push hard and fast, compressing chest at least 2 inches.• Let chest rise completely before pushing down again.• Compress at least 100 times per minute.