photography. view camera 8 x 10 4 x 5 camera is usually referred to by the size of film

Photography

View Camera

8 x 104 x 5 Camera is usually referred to by the size of film

Twins Lens Reflex TLR

Rangefinder Camera

Viewfinder Camera

Single Lens reflex camera

SLR

Focal Plane Shutter

Leaf Shutter

Found in most film and digital SLR Cameras.

Reading the light meter

Shutter Speed

1/30 of a second 1/500 of a second

Panning

1/30 of a second

Shutter Speeds

Using the shutter Speed to express Movement.

The Aperture acts like an iris

The Aperture controls amount of light entering the Camera and the Depth of Field

Aperture Controls the Depth of Field

Depth of Field - Area of the picture that is in focus

Depth of FieldArea in the picture that is in focus

Controlled by distance from subject

Controlled by Distance

Controlled by Aperture

Depth of FieldControlled by the focal length size (type) of lens

A given type of film always needs an exact amount of light for a proper exposure.

As a photographer you determine the way the film receives the light by combining fstops and shutter speedsto give the picture the effect you want.

Combining Shutter Speed and Aperture for desired effect

Time andTemperature

Greatly affectthe results when developing a negative

Full Tonal Range

MeteringA light meter always wants to give you an average reading or

middle grey.

Backlighting

Take the meter reading from the subject

F11 @ 1/250 F11 @ 1/60

Light meters

Incident Reflective

Example of glass in a wide angle lens

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Example of "wide angle" distortion by an 18 mm lens on a 35 mm camera.

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Telephoto lens300mm

Compresses space

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_distortion_%28photography%29

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500 mm telephoto lens with extension tub

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Focal Length

Polarizing Filter

Reduce reflections on water, glass or any smooth surface exceptMetal or mirror.

Focal length and distortion

Long lens, moderate distance from subject

Short lens, close to subject

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24mm 35mm

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50mm 100mm

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200mm

800mm

400mm

1200mm

Focal LengthThese eight photos were taken from the same place with different lenses.

Longs Peak from Upper Beaver Meadows in Rocky Mountain National Park

http://www.paragon-press.com/lens/lenchart.htm

Polarizing Filter and the sky

Mid day 90° to the sun

Subtractive Color - determined by the reflection of light waves to the eye

Mixing paint pigments is a subtractive color system

Each secondary color is composed of equal amounts of adjacent primary

colors. G + R = YR + B = MG + B = C

Each color is complementary to the color opposite.

Primary colors of light

Additive Colour R G B

In 1666, Isaac Newton passed a beam of sunlight through a glass prism breaking it into a rainbow of colors that form the visible spectrum. He then passed the rainbow through a second prism converting the colors back into white light.

When light is refracted each wavelength is bent to a different degree separating the light into different bands of color.

It is the wavelength of light that determines

its color.

Colour is determined by the lighttemperature.

Film must be balanced for the light source or coloured filtersmust be used to achieve realistic colour.

Daylight film is balanced for5500 K

Indoor film or tungsten colour film is balanced for 3400 K type A or 3200 K type B

Time of day determinescolour and drama of image.

Sunrise One hour later

Midday, sunny Midday, overcast Late afternoon

Tungsten Film

Daylight Film

Daylight/daylight film

Tungsten/Tungsten film

Daylight/Tungsten film

Tungsten/Daylight film

85B

80A

Use FL-D /daylight film

Use FL-B /tungsten film

Florescent light is very difficult to balance, as currently there are many types offl. bulbs on the market. Turn off all fluorescents whenever possible !

Old fashioned, standardflorescent bulbs.