opal-rt rt14 conference: hil testing of protection relays using hypersim
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The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Workshops on Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Bouna Cisse, P.E., MSc.E.bouna.cisse@opal-rt.com
Jean-Philippe Gagnon, eng.jpgagnon@gentec.ca
Derek Brownderek.brown@alstom.com
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays and the use of HYPERSIM
• About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection Relays
• HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
• About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 Busbar Differential Protection Relay
• HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
• Conclusions
Overview of the Workshops
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays and the use of HYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Microprocessor-based relays evolved with an exponential complexity.
• The devices are then difficult to understand, especially when the user did not experience the electromechanical relay principles.
• Adaptation is needed with the aggressive advances of technology.
• Real time digital simulators such as HYPERSIM can then play a big role in the development of protection schemes. It is an essential tool for the homologation of microprocessor relays.
• Real Time Simulators are also very helpful to train new hires in the protective relaying field.
• The model-driven approach, including IEC61850, is an innovative approach that requires a new way of thinking about substation automation.
Introduction
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Increased confidence in the products to be tested.
• Witness IED compliance to the vendors defined specifications
• Real Time simulators can help relay vendors and designers to improve their devices
• Different markets and customer require dynamic witness testing performed as part of homologations
• More complex distribution networks due to distributed generation and Smart Grid
• New power system phenomena
• New algorithms to meet system and custmer evolving requirements
Why testing a relay?
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Testing of Control and protection Relays
• Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning
• Operating Strategies
• Allow to Optimize your relays settings
• Usefull for Maintenance and Training purpose
• New Concept for Validation
Why testing a relay?
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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•Transformer Current sizing
•Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning
•Series Compensation transmission line effects on
relays
• Is your relay behaving correctly near FACTs?
•Test Your protection phylosophy with HIL
Testing a relay for
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Relay under testOmicron, Megger, Doble test sets
Replay offline simulation
Recorded data from field Limitations• Open loop• Fixed V/I and ramp up• No data alteration/loss
This is a good and proven method for most “traditional” and “easy” cases
The Traditional Relay Testing Approach…
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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About HYPERSIM
• Real-Time Power System Simulator developed by Hydro-Québec for Electro-Magnetic Transient studies (EMT)
• Originally and currently used by Hydro-Quebec for HIL testing of all critical controls connected to its power system• HVDCs, SVCs, Protection relays, PSS, etc…
• Used for off-line simulation, in complement of traditional tools, for fast-simulation of complex network…• Example: Detailed Wind Power Plant detailed simulation
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Hardware-in-the-Loop testing at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…
1996
Analog simulator
(TNA)
2014
HYPERSIM
Digital simulator
« HYPERSIM gathers more
than 30 years of experience in
Real-time Power System simulation »www.sgi.com
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Hardware-in-the-Loop testing of HVDC controls at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…
1
HVDC Controller replica
Simulator Inputs/Outputs
HYPERSIM Parallel Supercomputer
1
2
1
3
2
3
www.sgi.com « Challenging power system requires
powerful and flexible simulation tools… »
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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OPAL-RT & IREQ Collaboration• In 2012, OPAL-RT and IREQ signed a strategic collaboration
agreement for the shared commercialization and development of HYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM
OP4500 4-CoreUp to 225 Nodes at 50us
(75x 3Ø Buses)
OP5600 12-CoreUp to 900 nodes at 50us
(300x 3Ø Buses)
UV200032 to 2048 Cores
More than 24 000 nodes at50us(8000x 3Ø Buses)
OP5600 32-CoreUp to 3000 nodes at50us
(1000x 3Ø Buses)
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Some Features ofHYPERSIM
CT , PT models Virtual IED and relay library
Generator, transfo, line, motor, load
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Apparatus internal fault
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Interface with Simulink controls
Broad spectrum of drivers and protocols
DNP3 C37.118 61850
MMS OPC
IRIG-B 1588 UserUser
Some Features ofHYPERSIM
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
TestViewScripts and macrosPlay back recorded data from fieldPerform Monte Carlo analysisGenerate reports automatically
ScopeView Analysis
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Relay under test
Real-Time Simulator
Real-time simulators are used by advanced testing laboratories for complex cases and developing/testing new relay algorithms using new technologies…
Advantages• Closed loop• Detailed EMT simulation• Complex protection schemes• See effect of the relay on grid
HIL-Testing of Protection Relays
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection Relays
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Power System Model
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Ideal CT 1(breaker current)
Ideal CT 2(breaker current)
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
West Side East Side
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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HIL WITH REAL TIME SIMULATOR
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
To reduce:
• Equipment damage
• Interruption of power
To improve:
• Power Quality
• Safety for all
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Application : Standard HIL Testbench
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
www.omicron.at
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
HYPERSIMPower System Model
ALP 4000 Relay Current Amplifier(s)(Bushing CT Emulator)
D/A16 Vpeak
6 phaseCT currents
0-25 AAC current
Breaker Trip signalsDigital24 Vdc
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Application : Prototype testing without power modules
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
HYPERSIMPower System Model
ALP 4000 Relay
D/A16 Vpeak
6 phaseCT currents
Breaker TripSignals
Digital24 Vdc
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Transformer Differential Relay Settings
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Restraint Current (p.u.)
Operation Current (p.u.)
NO TRIP
TRIP WITH RESTRAINT
TRIP WITH NO RESTRAINT Relay Settings:OPmax = 10 p.u.OPmin = 0.3 p.u.Rx = 1 p.u.P1 = 25 %P2 = 55 %
Inrush Blocking:Ih2 / Ih1 = 5%Ih5 / Ih1 = 5%
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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External Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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External Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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FLUX
CURRENT
Primary CurrentSecondary Current
Actual Flux
Mag Current
Required Flux
ØSAT
0
010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 M
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Internal Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Internal Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Inrush West Side – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
Inrush West Side – Differential and Ih2
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – V, I and Breaker State
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – Differential and Ih2
HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 BusbarDifferential Protection Relay
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Bus are one of the most important component in a network
• Require speed
• Selectivity
• Stability
• High complexity for multiple busbars• increased costs for engineering and documentation
• increased wirin
Bus Protection Using The Simulator
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Busbar Protection Must Be:
• RELIABLE
• Failure to trip could cause widespread damage to the substation
• STABLE
• False tripping can cause widespread interruption of supplies to customers / possible power system instability
• DISCRIMINATING
• Should trip the minimum number of breakers to clear the fault
• FAST
• To limit damage and possible power system instability
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Busbar Faults Are Usually Permanent
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Causes of Busbar Faults :
• Falling debris
• Insulation failures
• Circuit breaker failures
• Current transformer failures
• Isolators switchs operated on load or outside their ratings
• Safety earths left connected
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Power System Model
HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator
ZONE 1
ZONE 2
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Scheme Tested
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Non Conventional Cts
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
Two methods are commonly referred to:
Rogowski Coils
Optical CT`s
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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THE IDEA OF THE TEST Optical link CMU to CVCOM
(proprietary protocol)
CVCOM
Optical link CMU to CVCOM
(IEC 60044-8 protocol)
P746 Relay
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Application : IEC-61850 HIL Testbench
HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM
HYPERSIMReal-Time Simulator
HYPERSIMPower System Model
P746 Relay
Sampled ValuesBreaker CT Currents
MU
Merging Unit(s) & Brk IED(s)(Ethernet Adapter of Simulator)
GOOSE MessagesBreaker Status & Trip Signal
Station Bus
Ethernet Switch
Process Bus
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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Zone 1 PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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ZONE 1 THREE PHASE FAULT
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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THREE PHASE FAULT INTERNAL ZONE 2
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Conclusions
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014
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• Real Time simulator can be used for type testing by the relay manufacturer to prove some change made on the software or for quality control.
• As of today it can be done in a matter of day and repeated as many as we want.
As type of test can be very involving because use to take months
A pre-commissioning test can be perform using the same characteristics of a real network.
Dynamic testing allow to test the relay applying fault to determine timing of the relay.
HYPERSIM is a tool design by engineer for engineers, student and researchers.
Conclusions
Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM
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