neck pain prepared by : nik nabilah nek rakami 141 nawwar afifah zakaria 151 nurul iman noor zaidi...

NECK PAIN

Prepared by :Nik Nabilah Nek Rakami 141Nawwar Afifah Zakaria 151Nurul Iman Noor Zaidi 152Nor Aznieda Mohd Rosli 159

Introduction • Neck pain (or cervicalgia) is a common

problem, with two-thirds of the population having neck pain at some point in their lives.

• Neck pain may come from any of the structures in the neck including: vascular, nerve, airway, digestive, and musculature / skeletal or be referred from other areas of the body

CAUSES OF NECK PAIN

Nor Aznieda binti Mohd Rosli159

Major and severe causes of neck pain include:

• Carotid artery dissection• Referred pain from acute coronary syndrome• Infections: retropharyngeal abscess, epiglottitis,

etc. • Spondylosis - degenerative arthritis and

osteophytes• Spinal stenosis – a narrowing of the spinal canal• Spinal disc herniation – protruding or bulging

discs, or if severe prolapse.

Carotid artery dissectionWe must differentiate between pseudoangina and true angina.

spondylosis

Cervical stenosis

Disc herniation

The more common and lesser neck pain causes include:

• Stress – physical and emotional stresses• Prolonged postures – many people fall asleep on

sofas and chairs and wake with sore necks• Minor injuries and falls – car accidents, sporting

events and day to day minor injuries• Referred pain – mostly from upper back problems• Over-use – muscular strain is one of the most

common causes• Whiplash

Prolong posture

whiplash

stress

More causes include • poor sleeping posture,• torticollis, • head injury, • rheumatoid arthritis, • congenital cervical rib, • mononucleosis, rubella, • certain cancers(metastasis) • ankylosing spondylitis, • cervical spine fracture,• FMS

Nik Nabilah Nek Rakami06-04-141

TREATMENT OF NECK PAIN

Nurul Iman Noor Zaidi06-4-152

Physical therapy

• ice or heat

• electrical stimulation therapy

• Neck traction

• Massage therapy.

Exercise therapy

• strengthening and improving the muscles, tendons, and ligaments that support the vertebrae

• Physical therapists can instruct you on proper posture, lifting, and walking techniques

Alternative Therapy

• chiropractic manipulation

• acupuncture

• Herbal RemediesCapsaicin CreamDevil's ClawWhite Willow Bark

• Yoga

Medication1. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

-ibuprofen -naproxen

to reduce inflammation and relieve pain

• analgesic -taken with the NSAID or muscle relaxant

2. Steroids -reduce the swelling -reduce inflammation of the nerves-immediate pain relief within 24-hours.

severe

Surgery

• rarely recommended….unless you have;

• a proven disc herniation, • cervical cord compression,• problems with balance and coordination, • the pain is severe

• The surgical procedures to treat neck pain includes :

• Anterior cervical discectomy• Laminectomy• Laminoplasty• Cervical spinal fusion.

-for instability;-rheumatoid arthritis

subluxation

-car accident

Neck Pain Prevention and Relief

Nawwar Afifah Binti Zakaria 151