necessity of nutraceuticals and functional foods in modern food industry

Necessity of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Modern Food

IndustryPresentation by Anu K Mathew (13T02B)

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History of Medicine2000 B.C “Eat this root.”

2000 A.D“That antibiotic is artificial. Eat this root.”

History of Medicine

root

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Defining Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Defining Nutraceuticals“A naturally occurring chemical

compound having a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease, isolated and purified from food or non-food source and may be prepared and marketed in the food-format of granules, powder, tablet, capsule, liquid or gel and may be packed in sachet, ampoule, bottle, etc and to be taken as measured unit quantities.”

• Naturally occurring Chemical compoundPhysiological benefit Isolated and purified from food or non-

food sourcePrepared in the food-format of

granules, powder, tablet, capsule, liquid or gel

Packed in sachet, ampoule, bottle, etc.Taken as measured unit quantities

Defining Nutraceuticals

The American Nutraceutical Association

“Products that have been isolated or purified from food and generally sold in medicinal form not usually associated with food.”

Defining Functional Foods

Foods and food components that provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition (for the intended population).

Bioactive Compounds of Nutraceuticals and

Functional Foods and their Health Benefits

Bioactive Compounds

The naturally occurring chemical compounds contained in, or derived from, a plant, animal or marine source, that exert the desired health/wellness benefit.

Bioactive CompoundsProbiotics and PrebioticsProteins and PeptidesCarbohydrates and FibresLipids and Fatty AcidsCatechins (Proanthocyanides)LycopeneVitamins

Probiotics and Prebiotics

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can be found in various foods.

Prebiotics are non-digestible foods that make their way through our digestive system and help good bacteria grow and flourish.

Prebiotics and probiotics can restore the balance of bacteria in our digestive tract.

ProbioticsExamples:

LactobacillusBifidobacterium

Sources:Yoghurt CurdSauerkraut

Health Benefits:Anti oxidative propertiesCholesterol lowering propertiesHumeral and cell-mediated immunity

PrebioticsExamples:

OligosaccharidesFructo-oligosaccharides

Sources:FruitsLegumesWhole grains

Benefits:Nutritional ingredients that benefit healthHelp in the growth of good bacteria in the digestive system

Proteins and Peptides

Proteins are long-chain polymers of amino acids while peptides represent the shorter forms.They act as indigestible substances in our digestive tract, trap and expel toxins and bile, thereby reducing the re-absorption of cholesterol from the large intestine.

Proteins and Peptides

Proteins

Dig

e sti o

n

Proteins and Peptides

Dig

e sti o

nPeptide

s

Proteins and Peptides

Proteins can be converted into peptides during digestion and are then absorbed into the blood circulatory system.

Health Effects of Proteins

Dairy Whey ProteinsBoost natural immunityReduce the severity of muscle tissue degeneration associated with liver diseasesReduce susceptibility to diarrhoea β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin and serum albumin reduces the risk of cancerPromote weight loss

How whey proteins promote weight loss?

By reducing leptin (fat burning hormone) resistance, making the body more responsive to this hormone.

How whey proteins promote weight loss?

By blocking the release of ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates appetite.

Health Effects of Peptides

Anti-microbial and anti-fungal propertiesBlood pressure lowering effectsCholesterol lowering abilityAnti-thrombotic effectsEnhancement of mineral absorption in the gut

CarbohydratesOne of the three major macro-nutrients which supply the body with energy.Optimum level of carbohydrates may help to prevent body fat accumulation.Low glycemic index foods help to regulate blood glucose levels.Fructose oligosaccharide and galactose oligosaccharide fortified infant formulas support the developing of immune system of neonates.

FibresTwo types of fibres are found in food

Soluble fibresInsoluble fibres

Soluble FibresDissolve in waterHelp lower blood cholesterolReduce the risk of developing diabetesFound in beans, fruits, and oat products

Insoluble FibresDo not dissolve in waterPasses directly through the digestive systemHelp lower blood cholesterolReduce the risk of developing diabetesCellulose and hemicelluloses reduce the caloric value of diets, which is important in diabetic and obese conditionsFound in beans, fruits, and oat products

Lipids and Fatty AcidsFish Oil

Rich in Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids.Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are the main Omega-3 fatty acids.DHA incorporated into margarine and baby foods enhance brain memory; a role in reducing the severity of Alzheimer’s disease.Reduces blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.Reduce prostate tutor growth.

Lipids and Fatty AcidsOther important omega-fatty acids are linoleic and linolenic acids.

Increased cardiovascular benefits.Abundant in fish oil, vegetable oils, and nuts.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)Positively impact human health.Found in dairy products and meat products.

Catechins (Proanthocyanides)

Abundant component in green tea.Strong antioxidants.Inhibit damage to DNA and reduce cancer development.Inhibit damage to blood vessels and reduce cardiovascular diseases.

EpicatechinsContains high level in cranberry juice.Prevent adhesion of bacterias and viruses to the urinary tract.Cranberry concentrate tablets and juice consumption reduce antibiotic requirements in woman having urinary tract infection.

LycopeneAbundant in tomatoes. Also found in brightly coloured fruits such as papaya, watermelon, pink guava, and pink grapefruit.Neutralise Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that damages DNA and promote cancer formation.Reduce blood-pressure in hypertensive patients by reducing plaque development.

VitaminsB Vitamins, particularly folate, gives protection against cancer, heart disease and birth defects.Folic acid fortification have a positive effect on the incidence of neural tube defects.Vitamin C has antioxidant properties and reduce risk of cataracts.Vitamin D prevent osteoporosis.Vitamin E gives protection against heart diseases.

–Johnny Appleseed

“Type a quote here”

Advantages of Nutraceuticals over

PharmaceuticalsPharmaceuticals work only after the onset of diseasesNutraceuticals and Functional Foods plays important roles in prevention and retarding progression of diseasesOffer effective risk factor modification in those with existing diseases

Nutraceuticals Available in the Market

Nutraceuticals Available in the Market

Z-TrimComponent - WheatFunction - Zero Calorie Fat Replacer

Nutraceuticals Available in the Market

LinumlifeComponent - Lignan Extract FlaxFunction - Improves Prostate Health

Nutraceuticals Available in the Market

TeamaxComponent - Green Tea ExtractFunction - Potent Antioxidant

Nutraceuticals Available in the Market

ClarinolComponent - Conjugated Linoleic AcidFunction - Weight Loss Ingredient

Health Statistics in India and the World and the Need for

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Ischaemic Heart

DiseaseChronic

Obstructive Pulmonary

Disease

Stroke

0

3

7

10

13 12%

11%

9%

Source: WHO ReportTop 3 Causes of Death in the World

Nutraceutical Market Overview Present Status and

Future Prospects

Indian Nutraceutical Industry

The nutraceutical industry in India is about USD 2.2 billion.Mainly focused in the southern region, followed by the eastern region with three major states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.

Indian Nutraceutical Industry

$ 2.

2 B

illio

n

2016 2020

$ 6.

1 B

illio

n

20% Growth

International Market Dynamics

2013 2014 20190

62.5

125

187.5

250

312.5

$160.6 Billion

$171.8 Billion

$241.1 Billion

Global Nutraceutical Market

United States of America

Largest individual consumer of nutraceuticals

Japan

Second largest individual consumer of nutraceuticals

China

Expected to be the largest consumer of nutraceutical ingredients by 2020

ConclusionNutraceuticals may be beneficial to our health but we are still learning about their benefits and possible harmful effects.Government regulatory bodies also face challenges in this new category of health products, which lies between foods and drugs.Health professional, nutritionists and regulatory toxicologists should strategically work together to plan appropriate regulation to provide ultimate health and therapeutic benefit to mankind.