nazism chapter 7 notes

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Nazism-Fascism

UnderstandingsOfNaziFascism

WhatarethePolitical, Economic andSocialideastoNazi Fascism?

POLITICALIDEAS

• Cultoftheleaderandeliterule.• Extremenationalism.• Organizedviolenceandwarand

military force.• It isinthecountry’snationalinterest

toexpanditsterritory.

ECONOMICIDEAS• Agovernment-directedprivate

enterpriseeconomytoservetheneedsandinterestsofthestate.

• Anti-union/anti-workersrights.

SOCIALIDEAS

• Inequalities betweenindividuals andgroups ofpeople.

• Racial purity.• Racial ornational Superiority.• National strength moreimportant than individualrights.

.

Maximumpolitical

freedom forindividuals

Maximumeconomic

freedom forindividuals

Maximumpolitical

controlbygovernment

Maximumeconomiccontrolbygovernment

1DemocraticSocialism

2DemocraticCapitalism

3Communism

4 Fascism

Political-economicgridbasedonthedegreeofeconomicandpoliticalfreedomorgovernmentcontrolfavoredbyparticularideologies.

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SocialDarwinism

SocialDarwinismisaevolutiontheorybyCharlesDarwin,itmeantthatoneswhoadapttochangesfasterwillbeattheoneswhofallbehindwhenchangesoccur.Itwasknowas“survivalofthefittest”aswell.

(InternetDefinition)

SocialDarwinismAndFascists• Thepopularnotionthat

animalsevolvethroughcompetitionandnaturalselection.SocialDarwinismpromotesthenotionthatsomeindividualsorgroupsachievepowerandadvantageoverothersbecausetheyarestrongerorfitter.SomeFascistsadoptedthisideatousethemtojustifypoliciesthatdiscriminatedagainstpeople,oftenwithviolence

THETREATYOFVERSAILLES

Thetreatyincludedthefollowingterms:• Germanymustgiveupsomeofitsownterritoryandallof

itsoverseascolonies.• Germanymustacceptresponsibilityforcausingallloss

anddamagetoalliedgovernments.• Germanymustpaytheequivalentof20,000,000,000

goldmarks(4.5billiondollars)inreparationstoAlliedgovernmentsbetween1919and1921,andanadditional80,000,000,000goldmarks(withinterest)afterthistime.

HitlerandtheRiseofNazismInthe 1920’s, Hitlerbegan to rise power intheNazi party.By1923hedecided that thepartywould need toseize power by force.After heattempted totakeover thegovernment by forceand it failed ,hewassent tojail, and theNazi partywasbanned.While inprison, Hitlerwrote abook describinghis understandings ofFascism.

HitlerTheDictatorHitlercreatedhisown formofFascism,Nazism.ToensurethesupportoftheGermanpeople,Hitlerusedsuch techniquessuchasthefollowing.• Propaganda• Youthmovements• Theeliminationofhisopposition• Theuseofterrorandforce(the

SS)• Scapegoats(TheJewish

population)Thesetechniquesencouragedtherejectionofthepoliticalvaluesofliberalism inGermany.Hitlerusedhisownversionoffascismtotakeawayindividual rightsandfreedomsfrompeoplehedidnotdeempartofhisideal society.

Usingpropaganda, indoctrination,terrorand

force

Using Themilitaryorpolice, andviolence, tocreatea

climate offear

Removingleadersorpartiesthatpose athreattothedictator

Holdingelections inwhich itis

impossible forpeople tovotefor anyoneelse

Techniques ofDictatorshipsCensoringthemedia,for

example,writersandartists,andcontrollingparticipation

Glorifyingtheleader andhis

accomplishments

Rewritingcurriculumandtextbooksto

portray thegloryofthenationand

theleader

Holdingrallies,givingpowerfulspeeches,andcreating youthmovementstoteach“accepted”

values