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MV NETWORK MANAGEMENT

Amit SharmaAnil Kadam

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kWh

Medium IndustrialkWh

Large Commercial

Public DistributionPrimary Substation

Urban Distribution

kWh

20MVA33/11kV

20MVA33/11kV

Farm (ruraldistribution)

ProcessIndustry

MV Public Distribution NetworkPrimary Distribution

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Radial network

LoadCentre 1

LoadCentre 2

LoadCentre 3

LoadCentre 11

33kV

11kV

20MVA

Primary1

LoadCentre 11

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Open ring network33kV

11kV

20MVA

Primary1

LoadCentre 11

LoadCentre 3

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Open ring network33kV

11kV

20MVA

Primary1

LoadCentre 11

LoadCentre 3

NOP

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- Why improve MV distribution?

● To obtain the best possible power quality

The main issue is to reduce outage time and cost to the utility and its customers

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- How can outage time be reduced?

● By improving MV networks:

● By improving the MV networks management:

Large number of shortsections

Redundant networks

Reliable components…

With Fault Passage Indicators (FPI’s)

Or with remote controlled load break switches

Or with fully automated reclosers and sectionalizers

Or Ring Main Units with FPI’s

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R

- Different types of devices

R2

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- overhead networks: types of faults● Temporary

faults● Permanent

faults

80% 20%

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- temporary faults

● Temporary faults can be cleared by the use of Automatic Circuit Reclosers (ACRs)

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R

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R

15 s

C

O

Time

100%

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R

15 s

C

O15 s

Time

100%

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R

15 s

C

O15 s

Time

100%

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R

15 s

C

O15 s

15 s

Time

100%

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R

15 s

C

O15 s

15 s

Time2 mn

100%

- temporary fault: one recloser

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R1

- temporary fault: TWO reclosers

R2

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R1Network A-50%

Network B-50%

Network B

Time

- temporary fault: TWO reclosers

R2

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- permanent faults

Permanent faults cannot be cleared by automatic reclosing

To manage “permanent faults”, the

best solution is to add some “sectionalizers”

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R

5H – 6H

100%

- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault

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R

5H – 6H

100% 95%

- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault

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R

- case 2: addition of non-communicating fault passage indicators (FPI)An FPI for each branch of the network

Add an FPI around each major «obstacle»…

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- case 3: addition of communicating FPIs

R

Put several communicating FPIs in strategic locations

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- case 4: addition of communicating FPIs and remote controlled load break switches

RT

TT

T

T remote controlled load breakswitchesCommunicating FPI

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- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches

R

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S4

S3

S3

S2

S1

1 1

1 S2

- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches

R

Permanent fault

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S4

S3

S3

S2

S1

2 2

2 S2

- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches

R

Permanent fault

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S4

S3

S3

S2

S1

2 2

2 S2

- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches

R

Permanent fault

2’

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S4

S3

S3 S2

S2

S1

- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches

R

Permanent fault

2’ 60’

75%

95%

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- summary of overhead networks 1/2Permanent fault

95%Case 2

A recloser

+ FPIs3 h

6 h

95%

Case 1

A recloser

95%Case 3

A recloser

+ FPI with Com1h30

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- summary of overhead networks 2/2Permanent fault

95%

1h

2’

75 %Case 5

A recloser

and sectionalizers

95%

1h

10’

70 %Case 4: A recloser,

remote controlled switches

and FPI with Com

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●SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) can vary from a few minutes to several hours,

●SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index) can vary from 1 to 10 and more, depending on :

● population density (rural or urban area)● proportion between underground and overhead distribution● maximum accepted costs for non distributed energy

Excellent Average PoorUrban area < 10 mn 30 mn >2 hrsRural area < 30 mn 2 hrs >10 hrs

Permanent Interruptions (>1 mn)

SAIDI/SAIFI variations – Quality Power

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OPEN POINT

51/51N 51/51N

MAIN SUBSTATION

OPEN RING SYSTEM

What would happen to this network

if a fault occurred here ??

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MAIN SUBSTATION

OPEN POINT

51/51N

OPEN RING SYSTEM

What would you do to get the customers back on supply ??

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MAIN SUBSTATION

NEW OPEN POINTS SHIFTED FROM

OPEN RING SYSTEM

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Thank You!!