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MV NETWORK MANAGEMENT
Amit SharmaAnil Kadam
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kWh
Medium IndustrialkWh
Large Commercial
Public DistributionPrimary Substation
Urban Distribution
kWh
20MVA33/11kV
20MVA33/11kV
Farm (ruraldistribution)
ProcessIndustry
MV Public Distribution NetworkPrimary Distribution
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Radial network
LoadCentre 1
LoadCentre 2
LoadCentre 3
LoadCentre 11
33kV
11kV
20MVA
Primary1
LoadCentre 11
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Open ring network33kV
11kV
20MVA
Primary1
LoadCentre 11
LoadCentre 3
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Open ring network33kV
11kV
20MVA
Primary1
LoadCentre 11
LoadCentre 3
NOP
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- Why improve MV distribution?
● To obtain the best possible power quality
The main issue is to reduce outage time and cost to the utility and its customers
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- How can outage time be reduced?
● By improving MV networks:
● By improving the MV networks management:
Large number of shortsections
Redundant networks
Reliable components…
With Fault Passage Indicators (FPI’s)
Or with remote controlled load break switches
Or with fully automated reclosers and sectionalizers
Or Ring Main Units with FPI’s
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R
- Different types of devices
R2
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- overhead networks: types of faults● Temporary
faults● Permanent
faults
80% 20%
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- temporary faults
● Temporary faults can be cleared by the use of Automatic Circuit Reclosers (ACRs)
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R
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15 s
C
O
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15 s
C
O15 s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15 s
C
O15 s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15 s
C
O15 s
15 s
Time
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R
15 s
C
O15 s
15 s
Time2 mn
100%
- temporary fault: one recloser
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R1
- temporary fault: TWO reclosers
R2
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R1Network A-50%
Network B-50%
Network B
Time
- temporary fault: TWO reclosers
R2
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- permanent faults
Permanent faults cannot be cleared by automatic reclosing
To manage “permanent faults”, the
best solution is to add some “sectionalizers”
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R
5H – 6H
100%
- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault
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R
5H – 6H
100% 95%
- case 1: no network automationPermanent fault
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R
- case 2: addition of non-communicating fault passage indicators (FPI)An FPI for each branch of the network
Add an FPI around each major «obstacle»…
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- case 3: addition of communicating FPIs
R
Put several communicating FPIs in strategic locations
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- case 4: addition of communicating FPIs and remote controlled load break switches
RT
TT
T
T remote controlled load breakswitchesCommunicating FPI
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- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches
R
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
1 1
1 S2
- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
2 2
2 S2
- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
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S4
S3
S3
S2
S1
2 2
2 S2
- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
2’
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S4
S3
S3 S2
S2
S1
- case 5: recloser and sectionalizer load break switches
R
Permanent fault
2’ 60’
75%
95%
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- summary of overhead networks 1/2Permanent fault
95%Case 2
A recloser
+ FPIs3 h
6 h
95%
Case 1
A recloser
95%Case 3
A recloser
+ FPI with Com1h30
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- summary of overhead networks 2/2Permanent fault
95%
1h
2’
75 %Case 5
A recloser
and sectionalizers
95%
1h
10’
70 %Case 4: A recloser,
remote controlled switches
and FPI with Com
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●SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) can vary from a few minutes to several hours,
●SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index) can vary from 1 to 10 and more, depending on :
● population density (rural or urban area)● proportion between underground and overhead distribution● maximum accepted costs for non distributed energy
Excellent Average PoorUrban area < 10 mn 30 mn >2 hrsRural area < 30 mn 2 hrs >10 hrs
Permanent Interruptions (>1 mn)
SAIDI/SAIFI variations – Quality Power
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OPEN POINT
51/51N 51/51N
MAIN SUBSTATION
OPEN RING SYSTEM
What would happen to this network
if a fault occurred here ??
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MAIN SUBSTATION
OPEN POINT
51/51N
OPEN RING SYSTEM
What would you do to get the customers back on supply ??
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MAIN SUBSTATION
NEW OPEN POINTS SHIFTED FROM
OPEN RING SYSTEM
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Thank You!!