module bio f4 chap 2
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Form 4
Student name:
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3.1 Movement across plasma membrane
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Chapter 3: Movement of substances across the PlasmaMembrane
Module no:APPENDIX D
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As a human, we need to fulfil our
necessity such as food, drink, clothes and
friends. In order to fulfil our necessity, we
need to buy the food supply at store. So,
we need to go out and back to our home.
This goes same with cell. A living cell glucose urea
needs substances from outside to undergo water
metabolic processes. At the same time, oxygen
the metabolic process produce by-product ion CO2
that must be eliminated from the cell. Mineral
If we enter the house trough door, the substances in and out the cells otherwise across the
plasma membrane.
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Short test.
What substances need by
cell?
____________________
____________________
____________________
cell
The structure of plasmamembrane.
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The plasma membranes which surround the cell separate the cell from its surrounding.
The plasma membrane consist mainly of :
- phospholipids
- proteins
S. Singer and G. Nicolson proposed a fluid mosaic model to describe the plasma
membrane.
- protein membrane dispersed throughout phospholipids bilayer
- and freely moving throughout the phospholipids.
Now, we will learn about plasma membrane by using cartoon.
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Carrier protein Pore protein
Phospholipid
bilayers
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ImpermeableSemi permeable
Permeable
Allowonlysome
substancestopass
throughAllow all
substances to pass
through.
Prevent all
molecules from
pass through.
The bottle represents the cell and the bottle wall represents the membrane.
Here the beads represent the water molecules.
The buttons represent the sugar/ glucose molecules.
When you shake the bottle, what will come out?Does bead or button come out?
Can you explain why this happen?
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
________
Which one is the characteristic of the plasma membrane?
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A membrane can
be
The permeability of theplasma membrane
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No energy require
Follow concentration gradient (High - low)
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Facilitated Diffusion
diffusion of specific particles
along the concentration gradient
(High Low) with the help of
carrier proteins found in the
membrane
glucoseg
The movement of substances across plasma membrane:Passive transport
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Transport that requires energy (Adenosine triphosphate: ATP )
Transport of materials AGAINST the concentration gradient
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Diffusion
is the movement of molecule
from high concentration
gradient to low concentration
gradient.g
Osmosis
Movement ofwatermolecule
through a selectively permeable
membrane from high
concentration gradient to low
concentration gradient.c
Short test.
What are the three types of
substances movement do notneed energy?
____________________
____________________
____________________
Can you explain what
concentration gradient in
osmosis is?
The movement of substances across plasmamembrane: Active transport
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Direction: Please fill each stage with correct explanation
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Sodium potassium pump
3.2 Movement of substances across plasmamembrane in everyday life
The effect to the animal cell
Direction: Read the story carefully and answer the questions.
The story about a confuse snail.
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1 2
3 4
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I am Larry, the snail. I have a sad story to tell you. This is about my cousin Gary. Gary had
passed away a few weeks ago when he visited my auntie which lives in nearby garden. Today, I
also want to visit my auntie, so please pray so I will be safe in my journey.
Now, I have arrived at a junction.
I see there are three passages that I
can use to go to my auntie place.
Which way shall I choose?
Now, I am remembering before Gary died, he leaved to me some letter. This letter might be use
to help me to make decision.
Dear Larry, when I pass through the freshwater river something wrong happen to my body. I
become expand and I feel like water enters into my body. I quickly return to land and rest at the
secret pathway for a while. After a while I feel better. Then, I enter the seawater but
The letter stops at there without leaving any more clues. What passage I must choose? Poor
Gary, when he was found he is very thin. Maybe because he is shrink and this letter has been
found under his dead body. Help me to choose the way.
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Hint!
1. Hypotonic Solution: The solution has a lower concentration of solutes than inside the cell.
Water moves from the solution to inside the cell): Cell Swells and bursts open (lyse)
2. Isotonic: The concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes
inside the cell. Water moves equally in both directions and the cell remains same size(Dynamic Equilibrium)
3.Hypertonic: The solution has a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell. Watermoves out ofthe cell into the solution: Cell shrink.
Swim in the salty sea
Swim in the fresh waterriverr
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Comparison of animal cell (red blood cell) and plant cell in Isotonic, hypotonic and
hypertonic solution
Analogy
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Short test.
Why each pathway gives different effect to the snail?
What can you relate between the snails stories with what
happen to the animal cell in same situation?
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What is the comparison between red blood cell, plant cell and the analogy condition?
Red blood cell Human analogy Plant cell
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Normal
-Cell in isotonic
solution (0.15 salt
solution)
Haemolysis
-Cell in hypotonic
solution (distilled
water)
Crenation
-Cell in hypertonic
solution (0.5 salt
solution)
Normal
-Cell in hypotonic
solution (distilled
water)
Turgid
-Cell in hypotonic
solution (0.01 M
sucrose solution)
Deplamolysis
(Flaccid)
-Cell in hypotonic
solution (0.06 M
sucrose solution)
Drink much water
No enough water
Effect and application
Take enough amountof water
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Can you give another example that you know related to the concept of isotonic, hypotonic andhypertonic?
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