mixtures, concentration, & solubility. what is a mixture? two or more different substances...

Mixtures, Concentration, & Solubility

What is a Mixture?

• Two or more different substances combined together

• What are some examples of mixtures you can think of?

The properties of a mixture can vary because the composition of the mixture is not fixed.• Can you give an example of a mixture that

might vary due to the composition?

Types of Mixtures

• Heterogeneous –a mixture where the parts are noticably different

• Homogeneous – a mixture where the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture

What type of mixture is this?

• http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/CaesarSalad3.jpg

What type of mixture is this?

• http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.simplyrecipes.com/photos/fresh-tomato-salsa

What type of mixture is this?

• http://www.google.com/

What type of mixture is this?

• www.google.com/

What type of mixture is this?

What type of mixture is this?

What is a solution?

• The mixture that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture.

• What are some examples of solution?

What is a solute?

A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution

What are some examples?

What is a solvent?

• A substance in which a solute dissolves.

What do you think it means when I say, “Concentration of a solution.”• The concentration of a solution is the amount

of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent

• Give me an example of a concentrated solution.

Units of concentration

• Grams of solute100 cm3 of solvent

Or gms/100cm3

Example:John dissolved 15 grams of iced tea mix in 55 cm3 of water. What is the concentration of the iced tea?

15 gms X 100 = 27.3 gms/100cm3

55 cm3

What is solubility?

The maximum amount of solute that normally dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature.

What does this mean?

Solubility curve of Salt and Sugar

How much sugar can be dissolved at 40˚C?

What types of solutions can be made?

Unsaturated solution: A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.

For sugar, where would the unsaturated solution be for 60˚C?

Saturated Solution: A solution that contains as much solute as a solvent can normally hold at a given temperature.

For salt: Where would a saturated solution be located at 80˚C?

Supersaturated solution: A solution that contains more solute than the solvent can normally hold at a given temperature.

Can be made by increasing the temperature and then slowly cooling it down

They are unstable solutions

Can make a precipitate (a solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture.) – so some comes back out of solution.

Where would supersaturation be located on this graph for sugar?