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Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Michael Allouche, SG2 Leader
WORKING GROUP 73UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AIRWORTHINESS (SG2)
The European Organisation for Civil Aviation EquipmentL’Organisation Européenne pour l’Equipement de l’Aviation Civile
2Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Topics for presentation
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
EUROCAE WG73 AIRWORTHINESS
Work Approach
Expected outputs
PECULIAR ISSUES
System Safety Parameters & Harmonization Challenges
Airworthiness and Operation interrelated Aspects
CONCLUSIVE REMARKS
3Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
INTRODUCTION- Eurocae
- Eurocae WG73
4Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
The EUROCAE Organisation
Established in 1963 as a European technical forum for administrations, airlines and industry.
Prepares minimum performance specifications for airborne electronic equipment as a basis for EASA Technical Standard Orders (ETSO).
Activities now extended to include complex CNS/ATM systems including their ground segment.
EUROCAE: Is recognised by the European Commission as the unique body
competent for the standardisation and interoperability required for the Single European Sky concept; and
is acknowledged by ICAO which references its documents.
EUROCAE Working Group 73
EUROCAE WG-73 was launched in April 2006 following earlier work by EUROCONTROL, NATO, and JAA.
WG-73 participates in the ICAO UAS Study Group. WG-73 cooperates with other bodies dealing with UAS.
European Aviation Safety Agency
6Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
EUROCAE WG73 Objectives
Requirements framework that will support civilian UAS airworthiness certification and operational approvals.
Safe operation within non-segregated airspace in a manner compatible with other airspace users, including step by step process
Compatibility with the existing ATM regulatory framework; Investigation of longer term ATM adaptations
Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009
7Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Primary Civil Aviation WG-73 Partners
Working GroupsWorking Groups
Working GroupsWorking Groups
Working Group 73
WG-73 sub-groups
EUROCAE
EUROCAE Industry Members
Council of EUROCAESecretariat
FAA
RTCA SC-203
ICAO
EASA
JARUS
European National
Authorities
EUROCONTROL
8Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
WG73 Leadership / Structure
Subgroup #1:UAS Operations
&Sense and Avoid
Gérard MardinéSAGEM
Subgroup #2:Airworthiness &
Continued Airworthiness
Michael AlloucheIAI
Subgroup #3: Command and Control,
Communications, Spectrum, & Security
Norbert TränappIABG
Chairman: Daniel Hawkes [EUROCAE]Vice Chairman: Gérard Mardiné [SAGEM]Vice Chairman: James Sizemore [FAA]Secretary: Dewar Donnithorne-Tait [AUVSI]EASA: Filippo Tomasello, David HaddonATM: Holger Matthiesen [EUROCONTROL]ICAO UASSG: Tony Henley [BAE Systems] RTCA SC-203: Ken Geiselhart [Lockheed Martin]Standing Advisor: Peter van Blyenburgh [UVSI]
Subgroup #4:UAS <150kg for
VLSO
Ron van de LeijgraafCAA NL
9Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
WG73 Deliverables & Status
Deliverable 1 (Inventory of Issues) Agreed January 2007.
Deliverable 2 (Work Plan) First version end 2007, ongoing iterations
Deliverable 3 (Concept Document) 1st iteration second quarter 2009
Final Agreed Version second quarter 2010.
Deliverable 4 (Command & Control) / Deliverable 5 (Sense & Avoid)
In coordination with US RTCA SC-203
Deliverable 6 (ATM Incompatibility Issues) Ongoing activity.
10Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
EUROCAE WG73 SG2 AIRWORTHINESS
- Work Approach- Expected outputs
11Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
EUROCAE WG73 Airworthiness WP Approach
EASA TC Policy R.Y000-01EASA TC Policy R.Y000-01UAS Type Certification BasisUAS Type Certification Basis
(1)(1) Select & Tailored Manned CSSelect & Tailored Manned CS (2) System Safety Objectives & Criteria(2) System Safety Objectives & Criteria (3) Special Conditions (Control Station, C3 etc…)(3) Special Conditions (Control Station, C3 etc…)
Eurocae WG 73 SG2 Work PackagesGeneric Criteria &
Recommendations Relating to (1) & (2) & (3)
INPUTS/INTERFACES/COORDINATION: SG1 & SG3 WPs
Draft USAR/STANAG 4671 FAA System safety Group
RTCA SC 203 DO-304 & WG1Any other
Consider alsoConsider alsoRestricted Restricted
Type CertificationType Certification& C of A& C of A
Process & CriteriaProcess & Criteria
12Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
EUROCAE UAS WG73 Deliverable 3 Airworthiness Volume(Draft Lay Out)
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION REFERENCESREFERENCES UAS AIRWORTHINESS UAS AIRWORTHINESS
CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS UAS TYPE CERTIFICATION BASISUAS TYPE CERTIFICATION BASIS
EASA General RegulationsEASA General Regulations EASA UAS PolicyEASA UAS Policy UAS Airworthiness CategorizationUAS Airworthiness Categorization EASA CS TailoringEASA CS Tailoring EASA CS Tailoring GuidelinesEASA CS Tailoring Guidelines UAS Safety Objectives & CriteriaUAS Safety Objectives & Criteria Additional Airworthiness Additional Airworthiness
Certification CriteriaCertification Criteria
RESTRICTED TC & CoARESTRICTED TC & CoA CONCLUSIONS & CONCLUSIONS &
RECOMMENDATIONSRECOMMENDATIONS
Conceptual approach to support Conceptual approach to support UAS Manufacturers and Civil UAS Manufacturers and Civil Airworthiness AuthoritiesAirworthiness Authorities
Develop further guidelines Develop further guidelines compared to generic EASA UAS compared to generic EASA UAS TC policyTC policy
Identify future UAS Special Identify future UAS Special Conditions issues and parametersConditions issues and parameters
13Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
PECULIAR ISSUES
- System Safety Parameters & Harmonization Challenges- Airworthiness and Operational Interrelated Aspects
14Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Overall System Safety Objective Parameters
Manned versus Unmanned Requirement (“1309”) Catastrophic Failure Definition tailored to UAS System Safety Objective Definition
Individual versus Overall Objective
Absolute versus Relative Quantitative Objective “Easy” conservative approach : use manned 1309 quantitative target
“as is” (likely penalizing) Absolute approach, defining acceptable risk for specific UAS hazards
Airworthiness versus Operational Safety Objectives Restricted Type Certification Scenario
15Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Safety Criteria – Harmonization Challenge Illustration
Reference Catastrophic Definition
MIL-STD-882C Death, System Loss or severe environmental damage
AC 23.1309 Failure Conditions that are expected to result in multiple fatalities of the occupants, or incapacitation or fatal injury to a flight crewmember normally with the loss of the airplane.
AMJ25.1309 (A340 TC basis)
Failure conditions which would prevent continued safe flight and landing.
ACJ CS-25.1309 Amdt 5 Failure Conditions, which would result in multiple fatalities, usually with the loss of the aeroplane
STANAG4671/USAR Failure conditions that result in a worst credible outcome of at least uncontrolled flight (including flight outside of pre-planned or contingency flight profiles/areas) and/or uncontrolled crash, which can potentially result in a fatality.
EASA A-NPA 16/2005 The worst UAV hazard event designated hereafter as “Catastrophic” or Severity I Event may be defined as the UAVs inability to continue controlled flight and reach any predefined landing site, i.e. an UAV uncontrolled flight followed by an uncontrolled cra
EASA DRAFT UAS TC POLICY
Not specified. To be part of the manned CS tailoring exercise
FAA-EASA Meeting (April 2009)
Failure Conditions that could result in multiple fatalities on the surface or in the air.
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16Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Airworthiness and Operational interrelated aspects
Any equipment that may be required under operational rules shall also be subject to airworthiness approval under relevant criteria
Operational assumptions that may be taken during the airworthiness certification process, as an example:
UAS envisaged mode of operation Emergency Procedures considered in UAS System Safety
Assessment ATC interface,
should be clearly identified. Airworthiness versus Operational Safety Targets Operational Restrictions envisaged in the framework of Restricted
Type Certification Process.
17Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
CONCLUSIVE REMARKS
18Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
Conclusive Remarks
Civil UAS Rule-making process takes more time… Pragmatic approach
EASA UAS TC Policy framework At this stage, Type Certification Basis on a case by case basis,
considering specific UAS character. Restricted TC to be also considered
Intermix of civil and military inevitable Military UAS likely to be used in civil applications
Harmonization is a must Civil / Civil Civil / Military
Eurocae WG73 open to harmonization efforts and related cooperation
19Military Airworthiness Workshop, EU2009.CZ, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 5 June 2009 – M. Allouche WG73 SG2 Briefing
The information in this presentation references draft material for use by EUROCAE WG-73 and
should not be regarded as statements of EUROCAE policy unless approved by the
EUROCAE Council.
The European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment
102, rue Etienne Dolet, 92240-Malakoff, FranceTel.: +33 1 40 92 79 30 www.eurocae.net
Thank you for your attentionmallouche@iai.co.il
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