mary roach stiff
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8/10/2019 Mary Roach Stiff
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s m M O
M S N
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Stiff: The Curious Lives of
Human
Cadavers
ary Roach
What will you nee to use
this
guide?
This guide will require that
you
annotate your book
To
annotate
means to
take
notes and write
down
comments
directly
in your book. This is
an
important strategy
for
good readers
to use to
help them better
understand
what
they
have
read
as well as to use a
tool
to review what
they
have
read. Annotating is a skill that you will use throughout your
life
What is in this guide?
This reading guide will give
you the
help
you
need
to
make sense
of
this
novel.
Here is
what
you
will find:
• Background nforma tion'- It is
important
that you read this
information before
you
begin reading.
t
will tell
you some
basic
facts about
the
book
and the author.
• Focus:
This
book is
divided into chapters
that
don't necessarily
go in any particular order. Each chapter is its own section and
is designated with
a
title with what
it is
about.
In
some
instances, the
title
of the chapter
will give
you
enough
background
about what the chapter is about.
•
Words
and
information
to know:
Throughout
the book
there
are a
number
of
"footnotes" designated
by a star.
These
sections of the chapters are
for extra
information. Y ou are not
required to read these starred sections, but might want to if
yo u
are
interested. They will help
you to
further understand
the
author's
descriptions.
•
Keep track:
By reading with a
highlighter
and a pen/pencil in
hand, you'll become a more
active
reader. As you go through
this guide, there
will be suggested material to
look
for in each
chapter. This
will help
you to
keep
track of
what
you
have read
and what is most important. Of course, you might find
others
items of importance and that is great Make sure to designate
in writing why you have
highlighted
a particular section,
this
will
help
you
when
you go back to review the book at the beginning
of the school year.
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• Pause and reflect: It is
important
to take
time
to write down
reactions to the material you have just read. Y ou only need to
respond
to
what
you
have read
in
about
2 3
sentences
at the
end
of
each
chapter. This
will help
you to better
summarize
a
chapter. Y ou are
also encouraged
to
write comments
and
questions about what you have read while you are reading and to
make any connections to your everyday life.
ackground Information:
About th e
Au th o r
1
-
Mary Roach is a journalis t who has w ri t ten fo r Outside, GQ
Vogue, and The New
York
Times Magazine. The form er Salon co lum nist now wri tes the
humor co lumn M y Planet in Reader s Digest and is a con tr ibut ing edi tor for Discover
magazine. She lives in San Francisco with her husband and stepdaughter.
Roach's first book, S t i f f The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers
(Apr i l 03,
W . W .
Nor ton) ,
is a
comical-but-scientif ic explora t ion
of the
many
fascinating
ways
in
which
cadavers
have
been used to advance the hu ma n condi tion . She visits a research
facility
at
the U nive rsi ty of Tennessee where they s tudy hum an decay for forensic purposes , and
sh e goes to
facial anatomy
la b
where
sh e
encoun ters
40
severed heads
in
roasting pans.
Addi t iona l ly ,
she talk s abo ut how corpses have been used as hum an crash test dum m ies,
as ancient confections, and even as
crucif ixion
experiments. Never a
dull
m om ent in th is
book.
About the Book: This is a book about dead bodies. As Mary Roach
demonstrates
in
her new book, some
bodies
go o n to do
remarkable things, such
as
he lp ing FA A
investigators understand
why a
p lane crashed
or help ing
auto-makers design safety
features that save thousands
of
lives. Others
are
asked
to do
noth ing more than
r ot
away
quietly at a research lab where forensic
scientists
study decomposition in order to
improve cr ime scene investiga tion techniq ues. Some are pu t to slightly more quest ionable
uses,
such as the severed heads used by plas t ic surgeons to practice their facelift
technique (surely
not
what people
had in
min d when they donated their bodies
to
science).
Others
have had even m ore
bizarre
adventures. Cadavers have been nailed to a
cross in order to prove
th e
authent ic i ty o f the shroud o f T u rin . Severed heads have been
poked, prodded, and
given
transfusions in an attempt to revive them long
after
they and
their bodies have parted ways.
The ano nym ous cadavers that are the subjects of ST IFF c ould hardly have asked for a
l ivelier o r more sympathet ic chronicler than M ary Roach, who has m anaged to
write
a
book that balances
sensitivity
and respect with a
wonderful ly
sharp wit. In fact, STIFF is
unexpectedly and qui te
blessedly
hi lar io us, al tho ug h the humo r never
comes
at the
expense at the dead bodies
that
populate i ts pages. Instead, Roach uses humo r as a k ind of
psychic safety valve, a vital and much-appreciated tension release from what is, at times,
some
very
intense subject
matter.
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The real
h i g h l i g h t s
o f
t h i s
book are t h e
sect ions th a t
de lve
in to some
of the more
disrep utable uses of cadavers . There i s a drol l and
u t t e r l y h i l a r i o u s
h i s to ry o f body
s n a t c h i n g
and a short overv iew of med i c ina l cann iba l i sm human m um m y confect ion ,
anyone? .
There
i s a
fa sc ina t ing
ca ta log of the
m e t h o d s
h i s to r ica l l y
used
to
make su re
t h a t
a dead body was in fact dead . Th i s chap te r cu lmi na te s in wha t i s su re ly the
m o s t
spec tacular ly s t range sec t ion
of the
book,
in
which Roach re la tes
the story of Dr. Robert
W h i t e , a
neu rosu rgeon
who in the mid-1960s
performed
a ser ies o f
su rge r i e s cons t i t u t ing
what could be considered the f i rs t head t ransplant or u l l body t ransplant , depending on
yo u r p o i n t
o f
v i e w ) .
A w o n d e r f u l l y
engros s ing book
on a
sub jec t mos t
of us are
re luc tan t
to
t a lk abou t .
Completing
the
Interactive Reading Guide:
Use the
attached guide
AS
YOU READ
The
statements
are in
order
and
will take you
from
the beginning, through each
section
of the book, and to
the end.
You should
make all marks and comments directly in the
book.
In
addition to any marks you have been directed to mark, you might
want
to put
a
?
next
to any
confusing passages
and a *
next
to any
words
that you
don't
understand. (Again,
those
words
might
be better explained in the
starred
sections
as you go through the
novel,
so make
sure
to check there as well.)
Good
luck and happy reading Enjoy your summer
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Chapter 1: A Head Is a
Terrible thing
to Waste
Practicing surgery
on the dead
Things to Highlight/Annotate for:
• Primary reason for dissecting heads.
Mark this with
reason.
• How heads are
displayed
and treated by the surgeons. Mark
this
with
respect.
• Early
ways
surgery was learned and practiced. Mark
this
with past
surgery.
• Why cadavers
were
introduced into
college
anatomy programs. Mark
this
with
surgery
now.
Chapter 2: Crimes of Anatomy
Body snatching and other
sordid tales from
the dawn of human dissection
Things to highlight/annotate
for:
• The
main difference between
how
students/anatomists treat cadavers
today than long ago. Mark this with cadaver
treatment
in the margin.
• Why anatomists needed to steal cadavers Mark this with stealing.
• Why cadavers were not
stolen
as much in the
summer.
• How
cadaver
stealing was combated. Mark
this
with stopping stealing.
•
Difference between grave robbing
and
body snatching. Mark
each
definition in the margin.
• Reasons bodies
were
stolen. Mark this with why in the margin.
• What people exchanged for dead bodies. Mark
this
with exchange.
• Why people
think
dissection is necessary Mark this with dissection.
• Why
w hole body
cadaver dissection is being
phased
out. Mark this
with phasing out.
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Chapter 3: Life After Death
On human decay
and
what
can be
done about
it
Things to
highlight/annotate
for:
• Reasons
for
studying stages of decay. Mark this with stages of decay.
• Label and number the different stages of decay. Mark the stages
with numbers in the margin.
•
Eyecaps and what they are used for. Mark this with eyecaps.
• What decedents are. Mark
this
with decedents.
Chapter
4:
Dead
Man
Driving
Human
crash
test
dummies and the ghastly necessary science of impact
tolerance
Things
to
highlight/annotate
for:
• The use of animals in crash
tests Mark
this with animals.
• Main use of cadavers instead of crash
test
dummies. Mark this with
cadavers.
Chapter
5:
Beyond
the
Black
Box
When
the
bodies
of the
passengers must tell
the
story
of a
crash
Things
to highlight/annotate
for:
• The
mood
wanted
at
crash
sites Mark
this
with
mood.
•
Difference between bombs depressurization
and
water impact
on
bodies. Mark each category with the respective wording.
Chapter
6: The Cadaver who Joined the
Army
The sticky ethics of bullets and bombs
Things
to highlight/annotate
for:
•
Early uses
of cadavers in the military
Mark this with early
times
•
Animal uses
to
t st
ballistics Mark
this
with
animals
•
Reasons
and Uses of Human Tissue Simulant.
Mark
this with Human
Tissue
•
Cadaver
use to
test body armor. Mark this with body armor.
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Chapter 7:
Holy Cadaver
The
crucifixion experiments
Things to
highlight/annotate
for
•
Differences between Barbet
and Zugibe did to
find evidence
of
crucifixion.
Mark each person s tests with
the
respective
name.
• Results of crucifixion. Mark this with results.
Chapter
8: How to
Know
if You re Dead
Beating
heart
cadavers, live
burial
and the
scientific
search for the soul
Things to
highlight/annotate
for:
• Requirements for a
beating heart
cadaver to be an organ donor.
Mark
this
with requirements.
• History of defining
death
and how t is defined
now. Mark
this
with
definition of
death then
and definition of
death today.
• Different theories of a
soul.
Mark these with soul.
Chapter 9:
Just
a
Head
Decapitation,
reanimation and the human head transplant
Things to highlight/annotate for:
•
Techniques
for
keeping
a
head alive after
it is
decapitated. Mark this
with
technique.
• Process of human/animal head
transplant through
the eyes of Dr.
White. Mark this with Dr. White.
Chapter 10: Eat Me
Medicinal
cannibalism and the
case
of the human
dumplings
Things to highlight/annotate for:
•
Different
uses of human
remains
as
prescriptions. Mark this with
prescriptions.
•
Details
of
authors trip
to
China
and her findings.
Mark
this
with
Human Dumplings.
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Chapter
11: Out of the
Fire.
nto the Compost Bin
And other
new
ways
to end up
Things
to highlight/annotate for:
• Process and advantages of tissue digestion in animals and humans
Mark this with tissue digestion.
•
Process
of the digester.
Mark this with
digester.
•
History
and
reasons
for
cremation.
Mark
this
with
cremation.
• Alternative to the cremation
process
Mark this with
compost
Chapter
12: Remains of the Author
Will she or wont she?
Things to highlight/annotate for:
• Authors
first
reason
for being a donor. Mark this with brain.
• The process and
definition
of plastination. Mark this with
plastination.
•
Author's wishes
for her
body. Mark
this
with final wishes.
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