mapping the austrian political twittersphere
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
Mapping the Austrian Political Twittersphere
Axel Maireder, Julian Ausserhofer & Axel Kittenberger
CeDEM, Krems, 3 May, 2012
How politicians, journalists and political strategists (inter-)act on Twitter
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Changing nature of pol. Communication
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Changing nature of pol. Communication‣ Increased spectrum of possible political activities
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Changing nature of pol. Communication‣ Increased spectrum of possible political activities ‣ „Fifth estate“ Dutton, 2010
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Changing nature of pol. Communication‣ Increased spectrum of possible political activities ‣ „Fifth estate“ Dutton, 2010
‣ Politics for those already engaged denser, wider, more pluralistic and inclusive Davis, 2010
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Nature of Twitter communication
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Nature of Twitter communication‣ public by default
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Nature of Twitter communication‣ public by default ‣ low-treshold
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Nature of Twitter communication‣ public by default ‣ low-treshold ‣ open for participation
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Research Questions
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Structure of Interaction
Research Questions
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Structure of Interaction ‣btw. journalists, politicians, experts
and activists?
Research Questions
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Structure of Interaction ‣btw. journalists, politicians, experts
and activists?‣btw. political professionals and
„casual“ users?
Research Questions
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Does Twitter contibute to a broadening of participation in public debate?
Research Questions
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Does Twitter contibute to a broadening of participation in public debate?
Research Questions
and to what extend does it merely serve „as yet another arena for already established actors“?)
Larsson & Moe, 2011
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Reseach Design
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Research Design
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Methodological BackgroundResearch Design
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Methodological Background‣Researching the web with it‘s own means
(Rogers, 2009, 2010)
Research Design
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Methodological Background‣Researching the web with it‘s own means
(Rogers, 2009, 2010)
‣Networked Conversations (#Hashtags)
Research Design
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Methodological Background‣Researching the web with it‘s own means
(Rogers, 2009, 2010)
‣Networked Conversations (#Hashtags)‣Network visualization and analysis
based on @replies(Bruns, 2011; Hightfield et al., 2011)
Research Design
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Methodological Background‣Researching the web with it‘s own means
(Rogers, 2009, 2010)
‣Networked Conversations (#Hashtags)‣Network visualization and analysis
based on @replies(Bruns, 2011; Hightfield et al., 2011)
➡User-centered approach
Research Design
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#1 User identificationResearch Design
ÖVP
SPÖ
Spindelegger
Faymann
SPÖ
#sg11
Bucher
GlawischnigFPÖ
Scheuch
Sommergespräche
Strache
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#1 User identificationResearch Design
ÖVP
SPÖ
Spindelegger
Faymann
SPÖ
#sg11
Bucher
GlawischnigFPÖ
Scheuch
Sommergespräche
Strache
374 users
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#2 User classificationResearch Design
ÖVP
SPÖ
Spindelegger
Faymann
SPÖ
#sg11
Bucher
GlawischnigFPÖ
Scheuch
Sommergespräche
Strache
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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#2 User classificationResearch Design
ÖVP
SPÖ
Spindelegger
Faymann
SPÖ
#sg11
Bucher
GlawischnigFPÖ
Scheuch
Sommergespräche
Strache
ProfessionPol. AffiliationSex
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69 politcians
83 journalists
28 experts & activists
194 citizens / non-professionals
N=374
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28 no individuals
10 not clear68 female
268 male
N=374
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31 Green Party
17 Social Democrats
7 People‘s Party (conservative)
2 Freedom Party (right wing)
6 Alliance for the Future
(right wing)
6 other
N=69
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Research Design
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Research Design
#3 Data gathering
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Research Design
#3 Data gathering‣All Tweets of 374 users
and all Tweets mentioning them
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Research Design
#3 Data gathering‣All Tweets of 374 users
and all Tweets mentioning them‣Oct 8, 2011 - Feb 7, 2012
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Research Design
#3 Data gathering‣All Tweets of 374 users
and all Tweets mentioning them‣Oct 8, 2011 - Feb 7, 2012‣ Four sample weeks
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direct adressing27.601
Simple Tweet without @-mention
27.542
Commented Retweet14.288
Mention within text14.364
Simple retweet13.984
N Tweets = 87.466N Characteristics = 97.779
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direct adressing27.601
Simple Tweet without @-mention
27.542
Commented Retweet14.288
Mention within text14.364
Simple retweet13.984
N Tweets = 87.466N Characteristics = 97.779
high interaction
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Research Design
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Research Design
#4 Tweet classification
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Research Design
#4 Tweet classification‣Four sample weeks: 145.356 Tweets
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Research Design
#4 Tweet classification‣Four sample weeks: 145.356 Tweets‣Manual classification of Tweets as
political / non political
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Research Design
#4 Tweet classification‣Four sample weeks: 145.356 Tweets‣Manual classification of Tweets as
political / non political ‣Classification by political topics
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Research Design
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Research Design
#5 Analysis
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Research Design
#5 Analysis‣Overall @reply-network analysis
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Research Design
#5 Analysis‣Overall @reply-network analysis‣Topical @reply-network analyses
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Research Design
#5 Analysis‣Overall @reply-network analysis‣Topical @reply-network analyses‣Additional analyses: user activity / time,
number of users mentioned, ...
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Overall Network Analysis
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politicians(pink)
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politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
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experts & activists(yellow)
politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
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citizens
experts & activists(yellow)
politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
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citizens
experts & activists(yellow)
politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
Other (outside sample)
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citizens
experts & activists(yellow)
politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
Other (outside sample)
network position
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citizens
experts & activists(yellow)
politicians(pink)
journalists(green)
Other (outside sample)
network position node size
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Political professionals
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Political professionals
Early Adopters
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Political professionals
Early Adopters
Political activism
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Political professionals
Early Adopters
Political activism
Marketing
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dense networkof professionals
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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„bridges“ btw. different parts of the network
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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4,8
19,5
4,0
13,8
7,1
17,7 17,4
12,8
9,1
57,2
49,3
43,9
9,5
politicians
journalists
experts and
activists
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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High interaction btw. citizens and professionals
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4,8
19,5
4,0
13,8
7,1
17,7 17,4
12,8
9,1
57,2
49,3
43,9
9,5
politicians
journalists
experts and
activists
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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4,8
19,5
4,014,5
13,8
7,1
17,7 17,4
19,2
12,8
9,1
57,2
49,3
43,968,3
3,44,7
2,2
9,5
21,3
citizens politicians
journalists
experts and
activists
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4,8
19,5
4,014,5
13,8
7,1
17,7 17,4
19,2
12,8
9,1
57,2
49,3
43,968,3
3,44,7
2,2
9,5
21,3
politicians
journalists
experts and
activists
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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4,8
19,5
4,014,5
13,8
7,1
17,7 17,4
19,2
12,8
9,1
57,2
49,3
43,968,3
3,44,7
2,2
9,5
21,3
users outside sample
citizens politicians
journalists
experts and
activists
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N=4756
in
out
N=7967
politicians
journalists
experts
citizens
other
politicians
53,0
10,44,5
5,1
27,1
44,0
17,4
13,8
7,1
17,8
N=7428
in
out
N=18819
journalists
70,23,57,7
3,0
57,24,8
19,5
4,014,5
15,6
Professional network quite open for participation
from outside
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N=4756
in
out
N=7967
politicians
journalists
experts
citizens
other
politicians
53,0
10,44,5
5,1
27,1
44,0
17,4
13,8
7,1
17,8
N=7428
in
out
N=18819
journalists
70,23,57,7
3,0
57,24,8
19,5
4,014,5
15,6
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@arminwolf
in outN=5581
@corinnamilborn
N=125in out
N=729
@stefan_petzner
N=513in outN=759
@leoszem
N=142in outN=160
@hubertsickinger
N=706in out
N=1071
N=362
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100
200
300
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
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chat-orientation
F&Q-orientation
Number of @mentions vs.number of users mentioning
People are in contact with a lot of different users
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0
100
200
300
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
34
chat-orientation
F&Q-orientation
Number of @mentions vs.number of users mentioning
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category ratio 100 mentions from...
politicians 2,02 : 1 50 different users
journalists 2,00 : 1 50 different users
experts, activists 2,15 : 1 47 different users
citizens 3,18 : 1 31 different users
Number of @mentions vs.number of users mentioning
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Issue Network Analysis
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145.356 Tweets
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18,9% domestic politics
145.356 Tweets
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Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
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Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
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Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
38
Woche 1
Woche 2
Woche 3
Woche 4
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
bis 12514
education
occupy Austria, #epizentrum
media scandals SPÖ
corruption
Finance crisis and Austria
Faymann social media
specified weekly
domestic politics other
14. - 20.OktN=5477
2. - 8.NovN=5717
27.12. - 2.1.N=3833
25.-31.JanN=12514
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
39
Financial Crisis in Austria
Specific topics, specific networks
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
39
Financial Crisis in Austria
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
39
Financial Crisis in Austria
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
But: Central hubs remain central, whatever the topic is
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
40
Education
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
41
Corruption
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
41
Corruption
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
41
Corruption
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
41
Corruption
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
41
Corruption
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
42
WKR-Ball
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
42
WKR-Ball
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
42
WKR-Ball
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
43
Domestic Politics all
Political issues only: Less interaction btw.
politicians and journalists, more btw. politicans and citizens
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
43
Domestic Politics all
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
43
Domestic Politics all
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
43
Domestic Politics all
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
43
Domestic Politics all
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
Conclusion
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
45
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
45
‣New approaches to study politics on the web
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
45
‣New approaches to study politics on the web‣Dense political Twittersphere
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
45
‣New approaches to study politics on the web‣Dense political Twittersphere‣Clear-cut clusters
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
45
‣New approaches to study politics on the web‣Dense political Twittersphere‣Clear-cut clusters‣ „bridges“, „hubs“
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
46
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
46
‣High involvement of „citizens“
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
46
‣High involvement of „citizens“‣High interaction with users
outside the network
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
46
‣High involvement of „citizens“‣High interaction with users
outside the network‣Sphere is open for participation
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
47
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
47
‣Another arena for already established actors, but not exclusively
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
47
‣Another arena for already established actors, but not exclusively‣Chances for citizens to get in touch with
politicians and journalists are higher than in traditional contexts
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
47
‣Another arena for already established actors, but not exclusively‣Chances for citizens to get in touch with
politicians and journalists are higher than in traditional contexts‣Twitter helps broadening public debate
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Julian Ausserhofer, Axel Maireder & Axel Kittenberger http://twitterpolitik.net
Thanks!http://twitterpolitik.netmail@twitterpolitik.net
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