liquids and solids phase diagrams. how do substances change state? beginning stateending...
Post on 18-Jan-2018
219 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Liquids and Solids
Phase Diagrams
How do substances change state?Beginning State Ending State Process of Change
Solid Liquid Melting
Solid Gas Sublimation
Liquid Solid Freezing
Liquid Gas Vaporization
Gas
Gas
Solid
Liquid Condensation
Deposition
Water phase changesThe temperature remains constantduring a phase change.
Phase DiagramPhase Diagram:Phase Diagram: represents the phases as a represents the phases as a function of temperature and pressure. function of temperature and pressure.Critical temperatureCritical temperature: temperature above: temperature above which the vapor can not be liquefied. which the vapor can not be liquefied.Critical pressureCritical pressure: pressure required to liquefy at: pressure required to liquefy at the critical temperature. the critical temperature.Critical pointCritical point: This point specifies the: This point specifies the conditions of temperature and pressure at conditions of temperature and pressure at which the liquid state of the substance ceases which the liquid state of the substance ceases to exist. Beyond this point a gas cannot be to exist. Beyond this point a gas cannot be liquefied no matter how much pressure is liquefied no matter how much pressure is applied. applied.
Phase Diagram with Changes by Name
Phase Diagram of Water
temperature
pressure
solid liquid
gas.
FREEZE
MELT CONDENSATION
VAPORIZATION
SUBLIMATIONDEPOSITIO
N
B
temperature
pressure
A
C
D
solid liquid
gas.
A: Triple point – the temperature and pressure at which gas, liquid, and solid form of a substance all exist in equilibrium.B: Melting curveC: Vaporization curveD: Sublimation curveE: Critical point – the temperature and pressure above which gas cannot be liquefied no matter how much pressure is applied.
E
Water
Carbon dioxide
Carbon
Sulfur
Phase Diagrams• Be able to label phases on a phase diagram: gas Be able to label phases on a phase diagram: gas
(vapor), liquid, solid A, solid B, solid C, etc.(vapor), liquid, solid A, solid B, solid C, etc.• Be able to label parts of a phase diagram: triple Be able to label parts of a phase diagram: triple
point, critical point, melting curve, vaporization point, critical point, melting curve, vaporization curve, sublimation curve.curve, sublimation curve.
• Be able to label arrows on a phase diagram: Be able to label arrows on a phase diagram: melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, deposition.sublimation, deposition.
• For a given temperature and pressure, be able to For a given temperature and pressure, be able to identify the phase: gas, liquid, solid A, solid B, etc.identify the phase: gas, liquid, solid A, solid B, etc.
top related