(solid) (liquid) evaporation study vocabulary 1. melting- solids gain heat and change into liquids...
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Freezing (solid), Melting (liquid),
Evaporation (gas) Study
PresentationINCLUDING WATER STATE CHANGE GRAPHS
Lesson Vocabulary
1. Melting- solids gain heat and change into liquids
2. Freezing- liquids lose heat and change into solids
3. Evaporation- liquids gain heat and change into gases
4. Condensation- gases lose heat and change into liquids
5. Boiling- liquids gain heat and quickly change into gases
Changing State
How does an ice cube turn into a puddle of water?
-It melts
MELTING is the process by which a solid changes to a liquid.
To melt a solid, you must add (HEAT) energy to it.
How does a puddle of water change from a liquid to a gas?
-It can evaporate.
EVAPORATION is the process by which a liquid changes to a
gas.
What is happening when a liquid
changes into a solid?
FREEZING is the change of state
from a liquid to a solid.
*The particles move
slowly and get close
together. It causes liquid
to freeze.
Is this an example of melting, freezing,
or evaporating?
a) Melting
b) Freezing
c) Evaporating
Answers
In which state is the snow?
a) Melting
In which state is the puddle?
a) Freezing
In which state is the puddle on the
road?
d) Evaporating
In which state is the road?
b) Freezing
Part 2
Factors that
influence the rate
of Evaporation
Factor 1 - Temperature
The higher the temperature the faster the rate of evaporation.
Heat is added.
Which puddle will evaporate
faster?
A B
Factor 2 - Wind
The more wind or air circulation the faster the rate of evaporation.
Which puddle will evaporate faster?
A B
Factor 3 – Exposed Surface AreaThe larger the exposed surface area the faster the evaporation rate.
The water will evaporate more quickly from the beaker on the right with the wider opening.
3 inches1 inch
If each beaker contains 8 ounces of
water, which beaker will evaporate
the quickest?
Part 3
Factors that influence the rate
of Melting or Freezing
Factor 1 - Temperature
Remember the freezing/melting point of water is 0°C or 32°F.
The higher the temperature the faster water will melt. Heat is removed.?????
The lower the temperature the faster water will freeze. Heat is removed.
Factor 2 - Size and Shape
If you have two equal masses of ice – one in a solid block and the other in
smaller pieces - the smaller pieces will melt faster.
Factor 2 - Size and Shape (cont.)
Just like with evaporation, the more surface area exposed to heat the faster
water will melt. Likewise, the more surface area exposed to cold, the faster
water will freeze.
In which cup will the ice melt
quicker?A B
Factor 3 – Changing the
Composition
During the cold and icy winter, you have probably experienced salt on sidewalks and roads. It is used to melt the ice and snow and keep it from refreezing. The freezing point of water becomes lower as more particles are added until the point where the salt stops dissolving.
By adding salt to icy roads, you change the freezing/melting from 0°C to
point to -9°C.
Review – Four Factors that influence the
rate of Melting or Freezing
Factor 1 – Temperature (The hotter the air temperature the faster ice melts;
the colder the air temperature faster water freezes.)
Factor 2 - Size and Shape (Larger pieces of ice melt more slowly than an
equal mass of smaller pieces.)
Factor 3 – Changing the Composition (Mixing water with other compounds
such as salt will influence the melting/freezing point.)
Practice
Answer the following questions about factors that influence
the rate at which different types of material
freeze, melt, or evaporate.
Falling temperatures can affect
the water cycle by ______.
a) creating larger raindrops
b) changing precipitation from rain to snow
c) creating smaller raindrops
d) changing the path of water runoff
How does adding salt to water
affect the temperature?
a) The melting point increases to a higher temperature.
b) The freezing point increases to a higher temperature.
c) Salt does not affect the temperature of water.
d) The freezing point decreases to a lower temperature.
You are going camping for three days. You need to buy ice
that will keep your ice chest cool for the entire 3 day trip.
Which would be the best ice to buy?
a) one large
block of
ice
b) many small
cubes
c) crushed
ice
d) brightly
colored
cubes
At which of the following ground temperatures will the
puddle evaporate the fastest?
a) 50°C b) 15°C
c) 29°C d) 87°C
Your little sister forgot to turn off the water in the bathroom sink. The
water overflowed and soaked the carpet. You want to dry the carpet
out before your mother gets home. At which level should you turn on
the fan?
a) low b) high
c) medium d) The carpet would dry
out faster without a fan.
Students are investigating whether wind
affects the rate at which the sponge will dry.
Which experiment is best to use in answering their question?a) b)
c) d)
Each of the following containers hold exactly10
ounces of water. From which container will water
evaporate the fastest?
a) b)
c) d)
Which letter represents
evaporation?
At which temperature will the icicles melt the
quickest?
a) 50°C b) 15°C
c) 29°C d) 87°C
Water State Change Graphs
This will be on your FME quiz
Graphs show how water changes at different temperatures
What does the previous graph show
us?
Energy Added Graph
Which number location represents the location of melting?
1
2
3
4
Answer
1
Why location 1?
Reason: Location 1 is just above the “solid” line. The temperature is above
freezing (0 degress Celsius). This is when melting will begin.
What does the previous graph show
us?
Energy Removed
Which number represents the freezing point?
1
2
3
4
Answer
4
Why? This is when freezing begins. 0 degrees Celsius
Energy is being removed