last time - sjsu
Post on 17-Oct-2021
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Last time...
• What defines the genus Homo?
• When does Homo first appear? Where?
• How do we identify these fossils as Homo rather than Australopithecus?
• How are Homo habilis different from the other hominids they are contemporaneous with?
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Olduwan tools
• What are Olduwan tools?
• How are they made?
• When are they first found and with which species?
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Adaptive pattern
• How does the adaptive pattern of early Homo differ from that of the Australopithecines?
• Why was brain size selected for?
• What else changes in adaptation when brain size increases?
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H. habilis v. H. erectus
• What makes these two species different?
• When are they found in time? space?
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Possible Homo species
• Homo habilis
• Homo rudolfensis
• Homo ergaster
• Homo erectus
Sometimes the same
Sometimes the same
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Homo erectus
•Who is Homo erectus?
•Where is this species found?
• In what time frame?
•What are its identifying anatomies?
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Homo erectus lifeways
• tool technologies that reflect advanced cognitive skills
• Dietary shift to a more heavily meat-based diet than its predecessors
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Zhoukoudian300 kya
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Homo floresiensis95,000-13,000
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Atapuerca800,000
Atapuerca1.2 mya
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Homo antecessor / Homo erectus?
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Cranial capacities
Cranial Capacity
Africa 690-1067
Indonesia 800-1250
China 855-1225
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Cultural changes
• Greater home range - SIGNIFICANTLY
• More complex stone tools - Acheulean industry
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Acheulean handaxes
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Cultural changes
• Control of fire (?)
• Construction of shelters (?)
• Crossing of water
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Cultural changes
• Care of elderly (over 40!)
• More complex stone tools - Acheulean industry
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What is special about Homo erectus
• Left Africa
• Made more complex stone tools
• Controlled fire
• Constructed shelters
• Modern human proportions and big brains
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H. erectus archaic Homo
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Archaic Homo
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Archaic Homo
• bigger brains
• higher skull
• less pronounced brow ridges
• chin?
• less prognathism
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Time frame
1 my 500 k
H. heidelbergensis?
H. neanderthalensis?
modern
600 200
300 27
160
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“Species” of Archaic Homo
• Homo heidelbergensis
• Homo rhodesiensis
• Homo neanderthalensis
• + More
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Bodo600,000
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Kabwe
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Atapuerca 5
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Mauer
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Petralona33
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Dali
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Jinnuishan
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Maba
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