jennifer guimond, phd and sarah glavin , phd science policy, planning and evaluation branch
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Training and Career Development Analyses: NICHD Diversity Supplements and F31 Pre-doctoral Fellowships
Jennifer Guimond, PhD and Sarah Glavin, PhDScience Policy, Planning and Evaluation BranchOffice of Science Policy, Analysis, and CommunicationsEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentOctober 2012
Evaluation QuestionsWhat are the characteristics of scholars in
NICHD programs targeted to diversity populations?
How many scholars remained active in the community of NIH-supported scientific researchers?
How do subsequent grant results vary by the measure used?
Are there differences between men and women who receive diversity supplements?
How do F31 recipients compare with a matched cohort of predoctoral T32 recipients?
MethodsN=462 Diversity Supplement Scholars (66%
women, 32% men)N=146 F31 recipients (60% women, 37% men, 3%
unknown) o 73 F31scholars with awards in 2004 or earlier o 73 T32 predoctoral scholars matched on sex & date
of trainingMeasures & Definitions
◦ Competitive NIH applications & funded grants submitted 12+ mos after diversity supplement start
◦ PERSON SUCCESS RATES: number of people who received grants divided by the number of people who applied
◦ APPLICATION FUNDING RATES: number of funded grants divided by the number of applications
NICHD DIVERSITY SUPPLEMENT PROGRAM
NICHD Diversity Supplement ProgramScholars join an established principal
investigator on an NICHD funded research grant.
Principal investigators apply for the supplement.
Eligible scholars are:◦ from specified racial and ethnic groups, ◦ from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, ◦ have a disability, &/or ◦ have taken a hiatus from their research careers to
attend to family responsibilities.Trainee level: high school to early stage
investigator
Characteristics of Diversity ScholarsDiversity
Type:• 72% ethnic/racial
minority• 4% individuals w/
disabilities• 3% re-entry• 21% unspecified
Gender • 66% women• 32% men
Degree • 61% PhD• 17% MD• 2% MD+PhD
Appointments by Scholar Level
64%10%
17%
2%
8%
Predoctoral (n=235)
Graduate StudentPost-Bac/Post-Mas-tersUndergraduate student
64%25%
11%
Postdoctoral (n=217)
Postdoctoral traineeEarly Career Inves-tigator
DSP Person-Based Application Rates (all scholars)
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
40 35.42
25.00
13.19
29.33
14.84
5.30
Men (n=144) Women (n=283)
Fisher’s exact test, p=.012
Fisher’s exact test, p=.007
Perc
ent
of A
ll Sc
hola
rs T
rack
ed
DSP Person-Based Success Rates (all scholars)
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
40
50 45.10
33.33
21.05
40.96
23.81
6.67
Men Women
Perc
ent
of S
chol
ars
Who
App
lied
No significant differences between men & women
DSP Application-Based Success Rates (all applications submitted by all scholars)
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
20.60
12.33 13.33
23.72
10.78 9.52
Men Women
Perc
ent
of A
pplic
atio
ns F
unde
d
No significant differences between men & women
DSP Person Success Rates:Postdoc and Investigator Levels Only
47% of postdoctoral/investigator diversity supplement recipients submitted at least one competitive NIH grant application one or more years after beginning the supplement appointment.
42% of those who applied for a grant were funded. This amounts to 20% of all scholars.
31% of postdoctoral/investigator level diversity supplement recipients applied for a research grant.
27% of those who applied for a research grant were funded. This amounts to 8% of all scholars.
A greater percentage of men applied for research and R01 grants compared to women, but women who apply for grants were funded at similar rates.
NICHD F31 PREDOCTORAL FELLOWS PROGRAM
NICHD F31 Pre-doctoral AwardsPredoctoral students are sponsored by a
faculty member at their training institution.Students apply and are considered the
principal investigator.Eligible scholars are:
◦ from specified racial and ethnic groups, ◦ from socioeconomically disadvantaged
backgrounds, &/or ◦ have a disability.
Trainee level: at the dissertation research stage of their training
F31 Person-Based Application Rates
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
4039.50
23.30
11.00
36.80
13.70
5.50
F31 (n=73) T32 (n=73)
Perc
ent
of A
ll Sc
hola
rs T
rack
ed
No significant differences between F31s & T32s
F31 Person-Based Success Rates
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
40
50
60
7066.70
52.90
25.00
64.30
10.00
25.00
F31 T32
Perc
ent
of S
chol
ars
Who
App
lied
Fisher’s exact test, p=.042
F31 Application-Based Success Rates
All Grants Research Grants R01s0
10
20
30
40 33.30
15.20
9.10
30.00
2.90 4.20
F31 T32
Perc
ent
of A
pplic
atio
ns F
unde
d
Fisher’s exact test, p=.092
F31 Summary: Subsequent GrantsNearly 40 percent of F31 pre-doctoral
recipients submitted at least one subsequent competitive NIH grant application.
Over one quarter of F31 pre-doctoral recipients received at least one subsequent competitive NIH grant.
F31 recipients had similar application rates, and higher success rates compared to a matched cohort of T32 recipients.
Note: Comparisons based on sex were not made due to small numbers.
Implications for WorkforceDiversity supplements and F31 grants provide a
mechanism to increase diversity in the research workforce.
Between 1/3 and 1/2 of recipients continue to pursue NIH research funding.
F31 predoctoral scholars and a matched cohort of T32 predoctoral scholars appear equally equipped to compete for subsequent NIH grants.
Further study is needed to identify ways to keep more trainees in the research workforce. ◦ Does program duration matter?◦ How do results vary across institutions?◦ How do program components affect results?
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