iotest project: semantic interoperability

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IoTest project: Semantic interoperability, presented in the session: "Interoperability ", at the Internet of Things Workshop (27.10.2011), during the Future Internet Week, Poznan, Poland, 24-28 October 2011

TRANSCRIPT

Semantic Interoperability for IoT Services and ResourcesKlaus Moessner

Centre for Communication Systems Research

University of Surrey

October 2011

Internet of Things

• Internet of Things (IoT) vision:– large number of physical world objects interacting with each other and the ambient environment

– data/services from these objects to provide ‘real world’ services

• provide information• allow interaction

Requirements

• structured representation of identified IoT concepts

• homogeneous access mechanism to heterogeneous objects with diverse capabilities

• automated machine interpretability of the possible interactions and horizontal integration with existing applications

How to model Things?

• resource model– Gateway, sensors, processing resources

• entity model– Physical world objects 

• Features of interest for each entity

• service model– IoT services and interfaces

IoT Services 

• services are provided by a plethora of heterogeneous objects that are often directly related to the physical world

• data and/or functionalities offered by such services provide information about the physical world and allow interaction with it 

Data and services in IoT ‐ Challenges

• large‐scale networks, huge volumes of data, dynamic and sometimes unreliable data sources

• dynamicity, transient data and subject to quality changes

• scalability of the solutions

• express‐ability and extensibility of semantics and meta‐data

• heterogeneity ‐more devices are contented, more diversity

• more autonomous processes (integration, aggregation, filtering, ...) are required

• management of the resources 

Role of metadata

• semantic tagging• machine‐interpretable data annotation and resource descriptions

• re‐usable ontologies• resource description framework(s)• structured data, structured query

In IoT semantic models are useful for:• description of various concepts and attributes in the IoT framework

• providing machine interpretable and structured representation of resources/entities/services and domain knowledge

• supporting automated processing and decision making over various interactions and integration with existing and new applications

Metadata and Semantics

• to describe:– Content– Context– Resources – Entities and features of interest

• to create:– Perception– Context and situation awareness

• to support:– Automated processes for management of resources and decision 

making

Semantic interoperability for

• resource description – SENSEI resource description, IoT‐A resource model, W3C SSN Ontology,…

• entity description and domain knowledge– SENSEI entity description, IoT‐A entity model, linked data models and linked open data fro domain knowledge,…

• IoT services– In IoT.est we plan to use semantic web services (extension to OWL‐S) that we have developed in the context of the IoT‐A project. 

11

W3C Incubator Group, SSN Ontology

makes observations of this type

where it is

What it measures

units

SSN-XG ontologies

SSN-XG annotations

Service modelEntity Model Ontology

W3C SSN  OntologyResource Model Ontology

OWL‐S Service Profile Ontology

P(em:DomainAttribute)

OWL‐S Service Grounding Ontology

Service Model Ontology

hasInput

profile:Profile

iot:ResourceAccessAtomicProcessGrounding

em:DomainAttribute

em:DomainAttribute

P(em:DomainAttribute)

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hasPrecondition

hasOutput

Service

presents

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rm:AccessInterface

hasAccessInterface

ssn:Property ssn:Property ssn:Condition ssn:Condition

hasInputType hasOutputType

hasPreconditionTypehasEffectType

iot:ObservationArea

iot:ObservationSchedule

hasObservationArea

hasObservationSchedulehasServiceType

ServiceType

OWL‐S USDL

WSML xxx

<<instanceOf>>

Service instance: an example

Entity Model Ontology

W3C SSN  Ontology

Resource Model Ontology

OWL‐S Service Profile Ontology

OWL‐S Service Grounding Ontology

Service Model Ontology

U38_TempSensorService_Profile

U38_TempSensorServiceProcessGrounding

RoomU38.hasA (AmbientTempAttribute)hasOutput

U38_TempSensor_Service

pres

ents

supports

AccessInterface_U38_temp_sensor

hasAccessInterface

U38_TempSensorService_Property

hasOutputType

U38_ObservationArea

U38_ObservationSchedule

hasObservationArea hasObservationSchedule

hasServiceType

OWL‐S

SENSEI Observation and Measurement  Ontology

TemperaturesubClassOf

What are the challenges?

• the models provide the basic description frameworks, but alignment between different models and frameworks are required. 

• semantics are the starting point, reasoning and interpretation of data is required for automated processes. 

• real interoperability happens when data/services from different frameworks and providers can be interchanged and used with minimised intervention. 

What are the practical steps?

• linked data approach is a promising way for integrating data from different sources and interlinking semantic descriptions

• alignment between different description models for IoT Services/Resources/Entities

• proposing reference and abstract models for semantic descriptions in IoT (e.g. similar to the W3C SSN approach)

References and links

• Suparna De, et al, Service modelling for the Internet of Things– http://www.iot‐a.eu/public/public‐documents/documents‐1/1/2/service‐

modelling‐for‐the‐internet‐of‐things/at_download/file

• W3C SSN – http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR‐ssn‐20110628/

• Claudia Villalonga, A Resource Model for the Real World Internet– http://www.springerlink.com/content/ejxm56331g8w7rk2/fulltext.pdf

Thank you!

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