introduction to acids & bases

Hydrogen-containing molecular compound whose molecules yield H+ ions when dissolved in waterWhen dissolved in water, they have a sour

tasteAcid comes from the Latin acidus which

means sourpH>7corrosive

Acetic acid gives vinegar it’s sour taste Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) common ingredient in

food for sour taste

Strong acids transfer almost 100% of their hydrogens to water

H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)= H+(hydrogen) and SO4-

(sulfate ions) HCl (hydrochloric acid)=H+(hydrogen) and Cl-

(chloride ions)

Weak acids transfer less than 5% of their hydrogens to water

HC2H3O2=(acetic acid) H2CO3=(carbonic acid)

Hydrogen-containing molecular compound whose molecules yield OH- ions when dissolved in waterWhen dissolved in water, they have a bitter

tasteBase solutions feel slippery or soapy to the

touch. CorrosivepH>7

Sodium hydroxide is also known as lye and is very caustic to the touch

Strong acids transfer almost 100% of their hydroxyls to water

NaOH (sodium hydroxide)Na + + OH-

LiOH (lithium hydroxide) Li + + OH-

Weak bases transfer less than 5% of their hydroxyls to water

Only one is fairly common NH3 (aqueous ammonia)NH4

+ +OH-

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