india cross cultural intercultural communicaton
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7/21/2019 INDIA Cross Cultural Intercultural Communicaton
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Intercultural Communication
The Nature of Communication
in India• Historically, language has divided people in India
• India is one of the most multilingual nations in
the world
• 1947 after independence, India divided its statesaccording to language
• hen introduced Hindi as the official language!
"nglish also now shares official language status!• India has over 1### languages and dialects
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
*! Ine$ualities (etween men and women• India is a very patriarchal society, with the
father the head of the household!• his social order must always (e
maintained
+! pirituality (ased on arma• "very action has a conse$uence andeverything happens for a reason
• .hat one does in this life affects the ne/t
• his has implications for communicationand decision ma&ing as well as their ideaof time
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Intercultural Communication
4! he Idea of collectivism is prevalent• Indians are more accepting of group
decisions and hierarchical settings
• Indians often define their identity as their
group 0or caste rather than their
individual identity2! mall personal space and lac& of privacy
• his is amplified (y many people from the
e/tended family living in one home!• 3elationships, rules, structures, trust and
mutual o(ligations are created!
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Intercultural Communication
! 3espectful mistrust in (usiness dealings• It is assumed that a non family mem(er in
a (usiness dealing will (e dishonest• his prevents the relationship (eing
damaged (y one party trying to gain anunfair advantage
7! 5u(lic ransport• 6re very congested and personal space is
small
• )any people are crammed into smallplaces and seats
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
! %ac& of privacy• ee&ing personal information in India is
carried out in a very direct way! his can
lead to conflict as westerners find this
confronting
9! Indians are very hospita(le• hey will invite total strangers to tea
1#!6voiding conflict
• Indians use indirect speechDo Check for understanding page 104 question 3
!"#$!%&' Do Check for understanding page 104 question 1 and 4
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Intercultural Communication
Core 8alues in Indian ociety
Compared to 6ustralian ocietyI:I6
Collectivist;group identity!
o privacy
5atriarchal ociety- father is head of household!
Hospita(le- accepting of strangers!
"asily offended when refused! Indirect in their speech!
Hindi and "nglish main languages!
%ife (ased around the concept of &arma!
%imited personal space!
:irect in their $uestioning;open a(out privacy!
Intercaste marriage for(idden!
8ery trusting! Ine$ualities (etween men and women!
trict caste system still operates even though it is
illegal!
6ware of position in caste- no mo(ility!
6void conflict!
6rranged marriage
6'36%I6
Individualist
"galitarian
rust in (usiness deals!
<luid social hierarchy!
trong sense of mateship! )ulticultural!
%ooser family (onds!
"arn trust!
%arge personal space!
Christianity- (ut not tied to religion!
5rivacy is important!
=pen to employment of non-family! >oth parents have e$ual roles!
a&e offence at directness!
Confrontation when angry!
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Intercultural Communication
Non(Verbal Communication
here are two types of non-ver(al communication
• Illustrators which accompany words
• "m(lems which have meaning all their own
In India some main gestures are
• ?<ight or flight@ - e/plain• uicide gesture - e/plain
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Intercultural Communication
<acial "/pressions and >ody Aestures• taring is more accepta(le in India than in the
.est
• Areeting- Hands in prayer li&e fashion and
sometimes (owing
• %eft hand to clean oneself
• 3ight hand for giving and receiving
• ?come here@ - e/plain
• ?orry@ - e/plain
• hoes - e/plain• 5atting on the head - e/plain
• 6dmiration - e/plain
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Intercultural Communication
8ocal ones• Indians spea& loudly and fast with greater
enthusiasm than those from the west• .esterners may interpret this as rudeness
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Intercultural Communication
The #ffecti)eness of
Communication :irectness of response
Cant say ?no@ ( e*pand
)eeting 5eople Hierarchical society ( e*pand
aming >ased on 3eligion ( e*pand
itles Conveys education, caste and;or profession (e*pand
Aift giving 3elates to religious (eliefs ( e*pand
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
+ocial %elationships
and +ocial Control he caste system is the (asis of class in India! It
is supported (y Hinduism! It is illegal in )odern
India to practice the caste system
he fifth caste is called the ?'ntoucha(les@!hey were considered the lowest and performed
menial unhygienic wor&
Name and e*plain the 4 main castes
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Intercultural Communication
5eople were (orn into their caste andwhere they were (orn was (ased on theirprevious lives
he Indian government has implemented
positive discrimination laws to try and helpthe lowest caste groups
%#,D page 10-. /India(Intecaste %elations
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Intercultural Communication
he remains of the caste system maintain
social relationships and social control!
Communicating (etween different groups
is seen as unaccepta(le
Do Check for understanding page 110 questions 1 and 4
Do Think it through page 110 question 4
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
ender and Communication
6ll men and women cannot (e grouped Bust
according to their gender
he variety of religions, regions, classes andages are going to affect the personal e/perience
of women especially
)odernisation has transformed India and
women as well as men peruse career paths
nowadays
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
However, even in modern India sons are seen
and the main economic source for the family! In
many parts of orthern India, wives move inwith their hus(ands families! hey are still
segregated as communication (etween
spouses is a threat to the patrilinial nature of the
family
Describe ho2 2omen are being gi)en more
po2er in economic decision making
ro)ide an e*ample of ho2 traditional practice
still prohibits 2omen from acti)e communication
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
In the cities the traditional and modern genderroles are in conflict as well! <or e/ample
university educated women wor& in menial Bo(s, Bust to earn a living
ocialising with the opposite se/ outside wor&hours used to (e ta(oo, this is now changing
Aender roles in India are reflected in language )others duty ( e*pand amil language ( e*pand .omen remain silent while males e/press their
opinion ( e*pand he way men and women spea& to each other
( e*pand
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
Intercultural nderstanding
)ulticulturalism refers to an attitude a(out theacceptance of a num(er of different culturesliving together in one society!
'sually there is one dominant culture thatsupports the mi/ of other cultures
6n e/ample is in 6ustralia e/plain
)ulticulturalism has only (een introduced in)odern India! Its constitution emphasis inter-group e$uality
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Intercultural Communication
he concept of intra-group e$uality is not
recognised in India! hat is within specific
groups, ine$uality, domination and
patriarchy still e/ist
%ead section on "umbai. age 113
1. 5ist the )arious places of 2orship in "umbai. age 113
6. Define 7brid +ociet7. age 114
3. #*plain ho2 this relates to India
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Intercultural Communication
6spects of ociety and Culture that are
similar and different (etween
India and 6ustralia 056A" 114-112
C5T%,58#,T%#+
,+T%,5I, INDI, "I+ND#%+T,NDIN+
%6A'6A"
3"%IAI='>"%I"<
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Intercultural Communication
C5T%,58#,T%#+
,+T%,5I, INDI, "+ND#%+T,NDIN+
=CI6%3'C'3"
C'%'36%C=)5%"DII"
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Intercultural Communication
The effect of gender roles and )alues
on beha)iour 6ll societies assign specific traits to males and
females! raditional societies tend to focus on
this more 0read page 112-11
In India males are viewed as (eing superior andtherefore demand more respect
his is evident in the (irth of a new (a(y! 6 male
child is sought after to loo& after the family and
property
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Intercultural Communication
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Intercultural Communication
The role of acculturation in the
acquisition of cultural perception
1. %ead page 119(11:
6. Do check for understanding question 1 and 6 page 11:
3. Do think it through question 1 page 11:
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Intercultural Communication
The e*istence of group identit7 and
commitment to cultural continuit7
6ustraliaEs group identity and cultural continuityconsists ofF The belief of a fair go
The )alues of mateship, freedom and safety
The customs of commemorating 6nGac day and 6ustralia day
1. %ead page 11:(11;
6. Define Cultural continuit7
3. Define roup Identit7
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Intercultural Communication
The beha)iours of participating in outdoor activities0especially the (each
>eing direct in our communication and informal in ourlanguage
Indias group identity and cultural continuityconsists ofF
The belief of self determination and some form ofnationalism
The )alues of multiculturalism and family The customs of women wearing a sari and a (indi and
Hindu traditions The beha)iours associated with the caste system in
social, family and (usiness interactions
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Intercultural Communication
Intercultural "isunderstanding
3ole play activity 0page 119-1*#
4 scenarios with + different outcomes
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Intercultural Communication
+trategies to deal 2ith
intercultural misunderstanding
It is important to (e aware and to ac&nowledge causes ofmisunderstandingsF
:ifferent communication styles
Importance of non-ver(al communication 0e!g!F facial
e/pressions, personal distance, tone, volume and senseof time
6ttitudes towards opinions and conflict
:ecision ma&ing related to roles and status
:ifferent attitudes towards personal information
Aender roles and e/pectations
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+trategies to deal 2ith interculturalmisunderstanding because of intercultural
differences now the language e/plain :emonstrate social and cultural literacy
e/plain >e patient e/plain %anguage e/pertise e/plain >e self reflective e/plain
pea& with natives e/plain 'se multiple forms of communication e/plain
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