ie ii-2011 pdftechedu.rajasthan.gov.in/bter/ie_ii-2011_pdf.pdf · 2.2 circuits for dc voltmeter...
Post on 11-Jun-2020
0 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
1
GOVER�ME�T OF RAJASTHA�
BOARD OF TECH�ICAL EDUCATIO�, RAJASTHA�, JODHPUR
TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME FOR
Diploma II Year (I�STRUME�TATIO� E�GI�EERI�G) SCHEME SESSIO� 2011 -2012 & O�WARDS
Code
No.
Subjects
Distribution of Time Distribution of Max. Marks/ Duration
Total
Marks Hours per week
L T P Tot
Board's Exam.
TH Hrs. PR Hrs.
Sessionals
CT TU PR(S)
IE 201 Instrumentation 2 -- 2 4 70 3 -- -- 30 50 150
IE 202 Electrical Engineering and
Measurements
2 -- 2/2 3 70 3 -- -- 30 -- 50 150
IE 203 Network Analysis 2 1 -- 3 70 3 -- -- 30 50 -- 150
IE 204 Concepts of Digital Electronics 2 -- 2 4 70 3 50 3 30 50 200
IE 205 Concepts of Electronic Devices
and Circuits
2 -- 2 4 70 3 50 3 30 50 200
IE 206 Industrial Instrumentation 3 -- 2/2 4 70 3 50 3 30 50 200
IE 207 Transducers & Telemetry 2 -- 2 4 70 3 50 3 30 50 200
IE 208 Control System Components 2 -- 2/2 3 70 3 -- -- 30 50 150
IE 209 Analytical & Environmental
Instrumentation
2 -- 2/2 3 70 3 -- -- 30 50 150
*IE 210 ‘C’ programming 2 -- 2 4 70 3 -- -- 30 50 150 Practical Training -- -- -- -- -- -- 100 -- -- -- -- 100
Total 21 1 14 36 700 300 300 50 450 1800
Grand Total : 1800
1. L : Lecture 5. PR : Marks for Board’s Examination for Practicals
2. T : Tutorial 6. CT : Marks for Class Tests
3. P : Practical 7. TU : Marks for Tutorials
4. TH : Marks for Board Examination for Theory 8. PR(S) : Marks for Practical and Viva
*IE 210 same in all branches except AR/CC/CE/CS/ EE /IT
1
I�S
TR
UM
E�
TA
TIO
�
CO
DE
IE 2
01
L T
P
2 --
2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
To ord
er to
carry
out
the
prev
entiv
e m
ainten
ance
of
electro
nic
gad
gets,
fault
locatio
n,
testing an
d calib
ration,
know
ledge an
d sk
ill of electro
nic in
strum
ents is essen
tial. The co
nten
ts of th
is subject are to
cover so
me o
f the a
spects o
f
electronic in
strum
ents.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Mu
ltimeter :
1.1
P
rincip
le of m
easure
ment o
f
1.1
.1
D.C
. Voltag
e and cu
rrent
1.1
.2
A.C
. Voltag
e and cu
rrent
1.1
.3
Resistan
ce
1.2
A
C an
d D
C sen
sitivity
1.3
C
alculatio
n o
f shunt an
d m
ultip
lier for ran
ge ex
tensio
n
1.4
L
oad
ing effect
1.5
Specificatio
ns
2.
Electro
nic V
oltm
eter :
2.1
C
haracteristics a
nd sp
ecification o
f analo
g electro
nic v
oltm
eter o
f differe
nt k
inds
2.2
C
ircuits fo
r DC
voltm
eter usin
g B
JTs an
d F
ET
s (single d
evice an
d b
alanced
brid
ge ty
pe)
2.3
. R
am
p ty
pe D
igital V
olt M
eter
2.4
In
tegratin
g ty
pe D
igital V
olt M
eter
3.
Ca
tho
de R
ay
Oscillo
scop
e :
3.1
B
lock
diag
ram
of C
RO
3.2
C
onstru
ction o
f CR
T
3.3
D
eflection se
nsitiv
ity a
nd v
arious co
ntro
ls
3.4
D
etail of X
-Y sectio
n an
d d
elay lin
e
3.5
H
orizo
ntal sw
eep sectio
n
3.6
S
ynch
ronizatio
n o
f sweep
and trig
gered
sweep
3.7
M
easure
men
t of v
olta
ge, cu
rrent freq
uency an
d p
hase an
gle u
sing C
RO
3.8
C
RO
pro
be
3.9
C
onstru
ction an
d w
ork
ing o
f dual trace d
ual b
eam
and an
alog
storag
e type C
RO
's, Hig
h freq
uen
cy p
robes.
4.
Wo
rkin
g P
rincip
le an
d A
pp
licatio
n o
f :
4.1
Q
-meter
4.2
T
ransisto
r tester
4.3
D
igital freq
uency co
unter
4.4
A
nalo
g IC
tester
4.5
L
CR
Brid
ge
4.6
O
utp
ut p
ow
er meter (A
F)
4.7
Functio
n G
enerato
r
5.
Sig
na
l Gen
eratio
n :
5.1
Sin
ew
ave g
enerato
rs,
5.2
Freq
uen
cy sy
nth
esised
signal g
enerato
rs
5.3
S
weep
frequency g
enerato
rs
5.4
Special w
avefo
rm g
enerato
rs.
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
2
6.
Sig
na
l An
aly
sis :
6.1
M
easure
men
t Tech
niq
ue,
6.2
W
ave A
naly
sers
6.2
.1
Freq
uen
cy selectiv
e wave an
slyser
6.2
.2
Hetro
dyne w
ave a
naly
ser
6.3
H
armonic d
istortio
n an
alyser
6.4
Spectru
m a
naly
ser.
7.
Freq
uen
cy :
7.1
T
ime &
Interv
al m
easu
rem
ent
7.1
.1
Reso
nance m
ethods
7.1
.2
Wav
e meters
7.1
.3
Freq
uen
cy co
untin
g
7.1
.4
Tim
e Interv
al mea
sure
ment
7.1
.5
Syste
m T
ime C
ounters
7.2
Freq
uen
cy C
ounters - G
ating erro
r, Tim
e base erro
r, Trig
ger lev
el error, H
igh freq
uency m
easure
ments.
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Measu
rem
ent o
f DC
voltag
e and cu
rrent b
y m
ultim
eter
2.
Measu
rem
ent o
f AC
volta
ge an
d cu
rrent b
y m
ultim
eter
3.
Measu
rem
ent o
f resistance b
y m
ultim
eter
4.
Com
plete stu
dy o
f multim
eter and sp
ecification.
5.
Stu
dy o
f electronic v
oltm
eter
6.
Stu
dy a
nd u
se of C
RO
for v
oltag
e, frequency a
nd p
hase a
ngle m
easu
rem
ent
7.
Measu
rem
ent o
f phase a
nd fre
quen
cy u
sing lissa
gio
us fig
ure
by C
RO
8.
Testin
g o
f transisto
rs usin
g tra
nsisto
r tester
9.
Testin
g o
f dig
ital IC's u
sing IC
tester
10.
Stu
dy o
f seven
-segm
ent d
ispla
y (L
ED
and L
CD
)
11.
Stu
dy o
f dig
ital freq
uency m
eter
12.
Stu
dy o
f dig
ital v
oltm
eter
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1. A
Course in
Electrical &
Electro
nics M
easure
ment &
Instru
men
tal A
.K. S
aw
hney
2. M
odern
Electro
nic In
strum
entatio
n &
Mea
sure
ment T
echniq
ues
C
ooper
3. E
lectronic In
strum
entatio
n F
undam
entals
Malv
ino
4. E
lectronic M
easure
ment
T
ernan
Pettit
* *
* *
*
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
3
EL
EC
TR
ICA
L E
�G
I�E
ER
I�G
A�
D M
EA
SU
RE
ME
�T
S
CO
DE
IE 2
02
L T
P
2 -- 2
/2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
This co
urse aim
s to fa
miliarise th
e students ab
out th
e basic
prin
ciples o
f electrical engin
eering, electrical m
achin
es
and m
ost g
enerally
used
instru
ment fo
r mea
sure
ment o
f electrical q
uan
tity in
industry
. This cu
rriculu
m h
elps th
em
to o
perate
the m
achin
es and d
ifferent m
easu
ring in
strum
ents.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
D.C
. Ma
chin
e :
1.1
P
rincip
le of D
.C. m
oto
r
1.2
C
onstru
ction o
f D.C
. moto
r
1.3
B
ack e.m
.f., speed
, torq
ue an
d p
ow
er relationsh
ip
1.4
C
haracteristics o
f D.C
. moto
r
1.5
T
ype an
d ap
plicatio
n o
f D.C
. moto
r
1.6
Sim
ple id
ea of m
oto
r starter
2.
A.C
. Ma
chin
e :
2.1
Basic P
rincip
le of o
peratio
n, C
onstru
ction, P
haso
r diag
ram
, equiv
alent circu
it, Efficie
ncy &
Regulatio
n o
f
2.1
.1
Sin
gle p
hase tran
sform
er
2.1
.2
Three p
hase in
ductio
n m
oto
r
2.1
.3
Synch
ronous M
achin
e
3.
Po
lyp
ha
se Circu
it :
3.1
Star d
elta connectio
n
3.2
C
urren
t, volta
ge an
d p
ow
er relation fo
r star delta co
nnec
tion
3.3
A
dvan
tage an
d d
isadvan
tage o
f poly
phase circu
it
3.4
Sim
ple p
roble
m o
n star d
elta circu
it
4.
A.C
. Brid
ges :
4.1
G
eneralized
treatment o
f four arm
A.C
. brid
ges
4.2
Sources an
d d
etectors
4.3
M
axw
ell's inductan
ce and cap
acitance b
ridges
4.4
H
ay's b
ridge
4.5
A
nderso
n b
ridge
4.6
H
eavisid
e brid
ge
4.7
Sch
ersing b
ridge
4.8
D
e-sauty
's brid
ge a
nd W
ein's b
ridge
5.
Mea
surin
g In
strum
ents :
5.1
C
lassification o
f mea
surin
g in
strum
ents
5.2
G
eneral co
nsid
eration o
f torq
ues e
mplo
yed
in in
dicatin
g ty
pe
instru
men
t (deflec
tion to
rque, co
ntro
l torq
ue, d
ampin
g
torq
ue)
5.3
C
onstru
ction an
d w
ork
ing o
f voltm
eter and a
mm
eter
5.3
.1 M
ovin
g iro
n ty
pe
5.3
.2 M
ovin
g co
il type
5.3
.3 R
ectifier type
5.3
.4 D
ynam
om
eter type
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
4
5.4
C
onstru
ction an
d w
ork
ing o
f wattm
eter
5.4
.1 D
ynam
om
eter type
5.4
.2 In
ductio
n ty
pe
5.5
In
ductio
n ty
pe en
ergy m
eter
5.6
O
hm
meter
5.6
.1 S
eries type
5.6
.2 S
hunt ty
pe
6.
Ra
ng
e Exten
sion
an
d C
alib
ra
tion
:
6.1
Sig
nifica
nce o
f range ex
tensio
n
6.2
U
se of series a
nd sh
unt m
ultip
liers
6.3
In
strum
ent tran
sform
er for ran
ge ex
tensio
n
6.4
W
ork
ing p
rincip
le of p
oten
tionm
eter
6.5
C
alibratio
n m
ethod o
f am
mete
r and v
oltm
eter (D.C
.) by p
oten
tiom
eter
6.6
M
ultira
nge a
mm
eter and v
oltm
eter
6.7
Sim
ple p
roble
ms
6.8
V
ector im
ped
ance m
eter
6.9
M
agger
6.1
0
Cab
le fault lo
cator
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Stu
dy o
f D.C
. moto
r parts
2.
Stu
dy th
e load
characteristic
s of D
.C. sh
unt an
d serie
s moto
r
3.
Stu
dy o
f inductio
n m
oto
r
4.
Stu
dy o
f synchro
nous m
oto
r
5.
Stu
dy o
f stepper m
oto
r
6.
Stu
dy o
f constru
ction o
f movin
g co
il, movin
g iro
n ty
pe in
strum
ents
7.
Stu
dy o
f Max
well's im
ped
ance, cap
acitive b
ridge.
8.
Stu
dy o
f Hay's b
ridge
9.
Stu
dy o
f Scherin
g's b
ridge
10.
Stu
dy o
f De-sa
uty
's brid
ge an
d W
ein b
ridge
11.
Use o
f series multip
lier for v
oltm
eter range ex
tensio
n
12.
Use o
f shunt m
ultip
lier for a
mm
eter range ex
tensio
n
13.
Calib
ration o
f voltm
eter and am
meter (D
.C.) u
sing p
oten
tiom
eor
14.
Measu
rem
ent o
f insu
lation resistan
ce by m
egger
15.
Stu
dy o
f inductio
n ty
pe en
ergy m
eter
16.
Perfo
rm o
pen
circuit test o
n sin
gle p
hase tran
sform
er.
17.
Perfo
rm C
losed
circuit te
st on sin
gle p
hase tran
sform
er.
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1. A
Course in
Elect. E
ngg.
K
.D. S
harm
a
2. E
lectrical Tech
nolo
gy
S.L
. Uppal
3. E
lectrical Tech
nolo
gy
J.B
. Gupta
4. A
Course in
Electrical &
Electro
nics
M
easure
men
ts & M
easurin
g In
strum
ents
A.K
. Saw
hre
y
5. E
lectrical Mach
ine
I.J. N
agpal
6. E
lectrical Tech
nolo
gy
B
.L. T
hareja
* *
* *
*
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
5
�E
TW
OR
K A
�A
LY
SIS
C
OD
E IE
203
L T
P
2 1
--
RA
TIO
�A
LE
Analy
sis of a
ny electro
nic
s circuit is e
ssential fo
r any electro
nics e
ngin
eer. To an
alyse a
ny circ
uit th
e k
now
ledge o
f
netw
ork
ele
ments a
nd th
eir beh
avio
ur, d
ifferent ty
pes o
f netw
ork
s and n
etwork
s config
ura
tion is essen
tial. Differen
t netw
ork
theo
rem
and la
ws g
uid
e the p
roper w
ay to
analy
se th
e netw
ork
s. Lap
lace transfo
rmatio
n h
elp
s an e
ngin
eer to red
uce th
e
math
em
atical calc
ulatio
ns.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Gen
eral �
etwo
rk C
on
cept :
1.1
N
etwork
Ele
ments (D
efinitio
n an
d ex
am
ple
s)
1.1
.1
Activ
e an
d passiv
e, L
inear
and non-lin
ear, U
nilateral
and bilateral,
Lum
ped
an
d distrib
uted
circuit p
aram
eters
1.2
In
itial conditio
ns in
elem
ents
1.3
M
utu
al inducta
nce (co
uplin
g c
oefficie
nt a
nd d
ot ru
le)
1.4
V
oltag
e and cu
rrent so
urce
s (ideal an
d p
ractical)
1.5
D
epen
den
t and in
dep
enden
t sources
1.6
A
ccom
panied
and u
nacco
mpanied
sources
1.7
C
lassification o
f netw
ork
s (Defin
ition a
nd ex
am
ples)
1.7
.1
One p
ort n
etwork
1.7
.2
Tw
o p
ort n
etwork
1.8
N
etwork
config
uratio
n (N
o fo
rmula d
erivatio
n)
1.8
.1
Balan
ced an
d u
nbala
nced
T sectio
n
1.8
.2
Sym
metrical an
d A
sym
metric
al π(P
ie) section
1.8
.3
L sectio
n
1.8
.4
Lattice sectio
n
1.8
.5
Brid
ge
1.8
.6
Brid
ge T
section
1.8
.7
ladder n
etwork
2.
Mesh
an
d �
od
al A
na
lysis :
2.1
D
efinitio
n o
f bran
ch, n
ode, m
esh, lo
op an
d tree.
2.2
K
irchhoff's la
ws
2.3
V
oltag
e and cu
rrent eq
uatio
ns fo
r simple m
eshes a
nd n
odes
2.4
C
ram
er's Rule
2.5
Sim
ple p
roble
ms u
pto
three v
ariab
le usin
g C
ram
er's rules
3.
La
pla
ce Tra
nsfo
rm
atio
n :
3.1
In
troductio
n to
Lap
lace transfo
rmatio
n
3.2
Solu
tion o
f first ord
er and seco
nd o
rder d
ifferential eq
uatio
ns (n
o in
itial co
nditio
n)
3.3
L
aplace tran
sform
of -
3.3
.1
Unit step
functio
n
3.3
.2
Ram
p fu
nctio
n
3.3
.3
Exponen
tial functio
n
3.3
.4
Impulse fu
nctio
n
3.3
.5
Sin
uso
idal fu
nctio
ns
3.3
.6
Parab
olic fu
nctio
n
3.3
.7
Deriv
ative o
f functio
n
3.3
.8
Integ
ral of fu
nctio
n
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
6
3.4
L
aplace tran
sform
theo
rem
s
3.4
.1
Shiftin
g th
eore
m
3.4
.2
Initial a
nd fin
al valu
e theo
rem
3.5
In
verse L
aplace tran
sform
ation fo
r simple, m
ultip
le and co
nju
gate co
mplex
roots.
3.6
A
pplicatio
n o
f Lap
lace transfo
rmatio
n fo
r simple R
L, R
C a
nd R
LC
series circuits
3.7
D
.C. tran
sients in
RL
, RC
and R
LC
circuits
3.7
.1
Determ
inatio
n o
f initial co
nditio
n
3.7
.2
Determ
inatio
n o
f final co
nditio
n
3.7
.3
Sim
ple n
um
erical pro
ble
ms
4.
�etw
ork
Th
eore
ms :
4.1
State
ment, p
roof, ap
plicatio
n an
d n
um
erical pro
ble
ms relate
d to
4.1
.1
Superp
ositio
n th
eore
m
4.1
.2
Recip
rocity
theo
rem
4.1
.3
Thev
enin
's theo
rem
4.1
.4
Norto
n's th
eore
m
4.1
.5
Millm
an's th
eore
m
4.1
.6
Max
imum
pow
er transfer th
eore
m
4.1
.7
Telleg
en's th
eore
m (O
nly
statem
ents)
4.1
.8
Star D
elta conversio
n
5.
Tw
o P
ort �
etwo
rks :
5.1
In
troductio
n
5.2
O
pen
circuit im
ped
ance p
arameters
5.3
Short circu
it adm
ittance p
arameters
5.4
H
ybrid
(h) p
arameters
5.5
T
ransm
ission p
aram
eters
5.6
In
ter-relationsh
ip b
etwee
n Z
and Y
param
eters
5.7
E
quiv
alent m
odels o
f Z an
d Y
param
eters
5.8
R
ecipro
city an
d sy
mm
etry o
f two p
ort n
etwork
s
5.9
E
quiv
alent T
and π
(Pie) sectio
n rep
resentatio
n
5.1
0
Determ
inatio
n o
f Z a
nd Y
para
meters fo
r som
e special n
etwork
s (T, π
, lattice, brid
ge T
)
5.1
1
Idea o
f image im
ped
ance, ch
aracteristics im
ped
ance fo
r two p
ort n
etwork
s
6.
Reso
na
nce :
6.1
Series reso
nance in
unco
upled
circuits
6.1
.1
Defin
ition, reactan
ce curv
es, resonan
ce conditio
n, selectiv
ity an
d b
andw
idth
6.2
P
arallel resonan
ce in u
nco
uple
d circu
its
6.2
.1
Circu
it and p
haso
r diag
ram
6.2
.2
Deriv
ation o
f resonance co
nditio
ns
6.2
.3
Selectiv
ity a
nd b
andw
idth
6.3
Q
factor, Q
factor o
n en
ergy b
asis
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1.
Netw
ork
Analy
sis
A
rum
ugan
& P
rem
Kum
ar
2.
Netw
ork
Analy
sis
Dhar &
Gupta
3.
Netw
ork
Analy
sis
Ven
Vale
nburg
4.
A C
ourse in
Circ
uit A
naly
sis
Soni &
Gupta
5.
A C
ourse in
Circ
uit A
naly
sis
U
mesh
& S
inha
6.
Circu
it Theo
ry
Iy
er
7.
Electric C
ircuits
Jo
sheep
Edm
inster
8.
Netw
ork
Analy
sis
Suba R
ao &
Prasad
9.
Circu
it Analy
sis
Hayt
******
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
7
CO
�C
EP
TS
OF
DIG
ITA
L E
LE
CT
RO
�IC
S
CO
DE
IE 2
04
L T
P
2 --
2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
Basic d
igital electro
nic
s is the req
uire
men
t of m
odern
com
puter, m
icropro
cessor an
d d
igital co
mm
unicatio
n sy
stem
s.
On acco
unt o
f reliability
and accu
racy d
igital electro
nic sy
stem
s are replacin
g co
nven
tional an
alog sy
stem
s. A d
iplo
ma p
ass
out h
avin
g k
now
ledge o
f dig
ital syste
m w
ill be u
sefu
l to th
e industries.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Intro
du
ction
:
1.1
D
igital sig
nal a
nd its rep
resentatio
n
1.2
A
dvan
tages o
f dig
ital techniq
ues
2.
�u
mb
er Sy
stem
:
2.1
D
ecimal, b
inary
, octal an
d h
exa-d
ecimal n
um
ber sy
stem
2.2
C
onversio
n o
f a num
ber fro
m o
ne sy
stem
to an
oth
er syste
m
2.3
B
inary
additio
n, su
btractio
n a
nd m
ultip
lication
2.4
R
epresen
tation o
f positiv
e and n
egativ
e num
bers
2.5
1's co
mple
ment an
d 2
's com
ple
men
t
2.6
Subtractio
n u
sing 2
's com
ple
men
t
2.7
P
arity b
it
2.8
B
inary
codes (G
ray, E
xcess -3
, Ham
min
g co
des), A
SC
II code
2.9
Flo
ating p
oin
t num
ber
3.
Lo
gic G
ates :
3.1
In
troductio
n
3.2
S
ym
bol an
d tru
th tab
le of N
OT
, AN
D, O
R, N
AN
D, N
OR
, EX
-OR
and E
X-N
OR
gates
3.3
U
niv
ersal gates
3.4
P
ositiv
e, negativ
e and tristate lo
gic
4.
Bo
ole
an
Alg
ebra
:
4.1
H
istorical rev
iew
- losg
ical state
ments, lo
gical co
nsta
nts an
d v
ariables, tru
th tab
le
4.2
B
oolean
operato
rs
4.3
P
ostu
lates of B
oolean
algeb
ra
4.4
L
aw
s of B
oolean
algeb
ra
4.5
D
uality
theo
rem
4.6
D
e' Morg
an's th
eore
m
4.7
Sim
plificatio
n o
f Boolean
expressio
ns
4.8
V
erification o
f Boolean
expressio
ns u
sing tru
th tab
le 5
. M
inim
izatio
n T
echn
iqu
es ( K
-Ma
pp
ing
) :
5.1
R
epresen
tation o
f Boolean
expressio
n - m
in. an
d m
ax. term
SO
P, P
OS
5.2
C
onversio
n o
f truth
tables in
PO
S an
d S
OP
form
5.3
K
arnau
gh m
ap u
pto
4 v
ariables - im
plicatio
n o
f logic fu
nctio
n w
ith a
nd w
ithout d
on't care co
nditio
ns
5.4
R
ealization o
f logic d
iagra
ms u
sing N
AN
D/N
AN
D, N
OR
/NO
R g
ate
6.
Co
mb
ina
tion
al L
og
ic Desig
n :
6.1
B
inary
half a
nd fu
ll adder
6.2
B
inary
half a
nd fu
ll subtracto
r
6.3
B
inary
serial, parallel an
d B
CD
adder
6.4
P
arity b
it generato
r and ch
ecker
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
8
6.5
B
inary
com
parato
r
6.6
M
ultip
lexer
6.6
.1
4 to
1 m
ultip
lexer
6.6
.2
16 to
1 m
ultip
lexer
6.7
D
em
ultip
lexer
6.7
.1
1 to
4 D
emultip
lexer
6.7
.2
1 to
16 D
emultip
lexer
6.8
E
nco
der
6.8
.1
Decim
al to B
CD
6.9
D
ecoder
6.9
.1
BC
D to
Decim
al
6.9
.2
BC
D to
seven se
gm
ent
7.
Seq
uen
tial S
yste
ms :
7.1
In
troductio
n
7.2
S
ym
bol, lo
gic circu
it, truth
table o
f R-S
, J-K, M
/S J-K
,D,T
flip-flo
ps
7.3
E
dge an
d lev
el triggerin
g
7.4
Shift reg
isters
7.4
.1
Left, rig
ht an
d b
i-directio
n
7.4
.2
Series an
d p
arallel
7.4
.3
Univ
ersal shift reg
ister
7.5
A
synchro
nous a
nd sy
nchro
nous co
unters - u
p, d
ow
n an
d u
p-d
ow
n
7.6
M
od co
unters - M
od 5
, Mod 9
, decad
e counter
7.7
R
ing co
unters, Jo
hnso
n co
unte
r
7.8
P
rogram
mab
le counters
7.9
U
se of sh
ift register fo
r simple
bin
ary m
ultip
lication a
nd d
ivisio
n.
8.
Lo
gic F
am
ilies :
8.1
C
lassification o
f dig
ital ICs.
8.2
C
haracteristics o
f dig
ital ICs.
8.3
R
TL
/RC
TL
8.4
D
TL
8.5
T
TL
logic - O
peratio
n o
f TT
L N
AN
D g
ate, open
collecto
r and to
tem
- pole o
utp
ut, c
haracteristics
of T
TL
, TT
L su
bfa
milies
8.6
C
oncep
t of E
CL
and I
2 L.
8.7
P
MO
S, N
MO
S an
d C
MO
S (N
AN
D, N
OR
, NO
T) C
ircuits.
8.8
C
om
pariso
n o
f logic fa
milies
8.9
In
terfacing T
TL
with
CM
OS fa
mily
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Verify
the tru
th tab
les o
f NO
T, A
ND
, OR
, NA
ND
, NO
R, E
X-O
R, E
X-N
OR
gates
2.
Desig
n a N
OT
, AN
D, O
R, E
X-O
R, E
X-N
OR
gates u
sing u
niv
ersal gates
3.
Desig
n a b
inary
half a
nd fu
ll adder
4.
Desig
n a b
inary
half a
nd fu
ll substracto
r
5.
Stu
dy o
f BC
D to
7 seg
ment d
ecoder
6.
Verify
the tru
th tab
le of R
S, D
, J-K, M
/S J-K
,D,T
flip-flo
ps.
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
9
7.
Stu
dy o
f asynchro
nous b
inary
ripple u
p, d
ow
n a
nd u
p-d
ow
n an
d d
ifferent m
od co
unters
8.
Stu
dy o
f synchro
nous co
unters
9.
Stu
dy o
f decad
e counter
11.
Stu
dy o
f pro
gra
mm
able co
unter
12.
Stu
dy o
f a shift reg
ister usin
g flip
flops
13.
Stu
dy o
f ring co
unter u
sing flip
flops
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1.
Dig
ital Prin
ciple
s & A
pplicatio
ns
M
alvin
o L
each.
2.
Integ
rated E
lectronics
Millm
an &
Halk
ias
3.
Dig
ital Electro
nics
T
.C. B
artee
4.
Dig
ital Electro
nics P
ractice Usin
g IC
’s R
.P. Jain
.
5.
Modern
Dig
ital Electro
nic
s
R
.P. Jain
6.
Dig
ital Electro
nics
L
. Solan
ki
7.
Dig
ital Intreg
rated C
ircuit
K.R
. Botk
er
8.
Dig
ital Desig
n
Fllo
yd
9.
Dig
ital Logic D
esign
Morris M
ano.
*****
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
10
CO
�C
EP
TS
OF
EL
EC
TR
O�
IC D
EV
ICE
S A
�D
CIR
CU
ITS
C
OD
E IE
205
L T
P
2 --
2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
T
oday
is the d
ay o
f electro
nics. T
his su
bject co
vers th
e basic co
ncep
t of electro
nic
s for en
gin
eers, this su
bject is
foundatio
n o
f electronics w
hic
h h
elps th
e studen
t to stu
dy th
e oth
er subject.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Va
cuu
m T
ub
es :
1.1
T
ypes o
f em
issions.
1.2
B
rief idea o
f constru
ction, ch
aracteristics, w
ork
ing a
nd ap
plicatio
ns o
f
1.2
.1
Dio
de V
alve.
1.2
.2
Trio
de V
alve.
2.
Sem
icon
du
ctor a
nd
P�
Ju
nctio
n :
2.1
. M
etal, non m
etals and se
mico
nducto
rs and th
eir Energ
y B
and D
iagra
m.
2.2
In
trinsic an
d E
xtrin
sic Sem
iconducto
rs.
2.3
E
ffect o
f tem
peratu
re on ex
trinsic se
mico
nducto
r
2.4
E
nerg
y b
and d
iagra
m o
f extrin
sic sem
iconducto
r
2.5
Ferm
i Lev
el an
d ferm
i dirac d
istributio
n
2.6
D
rift and d
iffusio
n cu
rrent
2.7
H
all Effect
2.8
P
-N Ju
nctio
n D
iode
2.8
.1
Space ch
arge reg
ion, B
arrier poten
tial and e
ffect o
f tem
peratu
re
2.8
.2
Energ
y b
and d
iagra
m
2.8
.3
Biasin
g o
f dio
de.
2.8
.4
V-I ch
aracteristics
2.8
.5
Static an
d d
ynam
ic resistance
2.8
.6
Tran
sition an
d d
iffusio
n cap
acitan
ce
2.8
.7
Zenner an
d A
vala
nch
e break
dow
n
2.9
W
ork
ing, c
haracteristic
s and a
pplicatio
n o
f
2.9
.1
Tunnel d
iode
2.9
.2
Zener d
iode
2.9
.3
Varacto
r dio
de
2.9
.4
Photo
dio
de
2.9
.5
Lig
ht e
mittin
g d
iode (L
ED
)
2.1
0
Photo
conducto
rs
2.1
1
Cds p
hoto
conductiv
e cells and p
hoto
voltaic cell.
3.
Bip
ola
r Ju
nctio
n T
ran
sistor (B
JT
) :
3.1
C
onstru
ctional d
etails of P
NP
and N
PN
transisto
rs
3.2
W
ork
ing o
f a transisto
r
3.2
.1
Charg
e transp
ort p
henom
enon
3.2
.2
Tran
sistor a
mplify
ing actio
n
3.2
.3
Relatio
n b
etwee
n d
ifferent cu
rrents in
a transisto
r
3.2
.4
Sim
ple p
roble
ms
3.3
C
onfig
uratio
n o
f transisto
r (CB
, CE
and C
C)
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
11
3.4
B
ehav
ior o
f BJT
in A
ctive, C
ut o
ff and S
aturatio
n reg
ions
3.4
.1
Tran
sistor as a sw
itch
3.4
.2
Tran
sistor as an
am
plifier
4.
Tra
nsisto
r Bia
sing
an
d B
ias S
tab
ility :
4.1
D
.C. an
d A
.C. L
oad
line.
4.2
O
peratin
g p
oin
t and its stab
ility
4.3
Facto
rs affecting b
ias stability
4.4
Stab
ility facto
rs
4.5
B
ias stabilizatio
n
4.6
C
alculatio
n o
f operatin
g p
oin
t and stab
ility facto
r for
4.6
.1
Fix
ed B
ias Circ
uit.
4.6
.2
Collecto
r to b
ase biasin
g.
4.6
.3
Voltag
e Div
ider b
iasing (S
elf bias)
4.7
B
ias Com
pen
sation tec
hniq
ues u
sing
4.7
.1
Dio
de.
4.7
.2
Therm
istor an
d S
ensisto
r.
4.8
T
herm
al stability
and T
herm
al runaw
ay
5.
Sm
all S
ign
al T
ran
sistor A
mp
lifier :
5.1
C
B, C
E an
d C
C a
mplifier an
d th
eir low
frequency sm
all signal eq
uiv
alent circu
it usin
g h
ybrid
param
eters.
5.2
C
alculatio
n o
f volta
ge g
ain, c
urren
t gain
, input im
ped
ance, o
utp
ut im
ped
ance an
d p
ow
er gain
for resistiv
e
load
s. (Av, A
i, Zi, Z
o, A
vs, A
is, and A
p)
5.3
A
naly
sis of e
mitter fo
llow
er circuit
5.4
A
ppro
xim
ate analy
sis of C
E am
plifier w
ith a
nd w
ithout R
E , Em
itter follo
wer circu
its
5.5
. C
lassification o
f am
plifiers
6.
Field
Effect T
ran
sistor :
6.1
C
onstru
ction, o
peratio
n an
d ch
aracteristics o
f JFE
T , E
and D
MO
SFE
T
6.2
B
iasing o
f FE
T
6.3
S
mall sig
nal m
odel o
f JFE
T
6.4
T
ermin
olo
gy u
sed w
ith JF
ET
6.5
P
recautio
n fo
r handlin
g o
f MO
SFE
Ts
7.
Rectifiers a
nd
Po
wer S
up
plies :
7.1
W
ork
ing o
f rectifiers
7.1
.1
Half w
ave rectifier
7.1
.2
Cen
tre tape fu
ll wave rectifier
7.1
.3
Brid
ge rectifier
7.2
A
naly
sis of rectifiers (fo
r all type)
7.2
.1
Calcu
lations fo
r avera
ge an
d R
MS v
alues
7.2
.2
PIV
of d
iodes
7.2
.3
Rip
ple facto
r
7.2
.4
Reg
ulatio
n an
d effic
iency
7.3
C
alculatio
n o
f ripplefac
tor an
d w
ork
ing o
f follo
win
g filters:
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
12
7.3
.1
Cap
acitance filter
7.3
.2
Inducta
nce filter
7.3
.3
L-C
and π
(Pie) filters
7.4
V
oltag
e Multip
liers
7.5
R
egulated
pow
er supply
usin
g zen
er dio
de
7.5
.1
Sim
ple p
roble
ms o
n ze
ner reg
ulato
r.
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics o
f P-N
dio
de an
d L
ED
.
2.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics o
f zener d
iode an
d stu
dy o
f zener d
iode reg
ulato
r circuit
3.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics o
f PN
P tran
sistor in
CB
, CE
and C
C co
nfig
uratio
n
4.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics of N
PN
transisto
r in C
B, C
E an
d C
C co
nfig
uratio
n a
nd calcu
late h-p
aram
eter for C
E
config
uratio
n.
5.
Stu
dy o
f the d
ifferent b
iasing circu
its and o
bserv
e the e
ffect o
f com
ponen
t variatio
n o
n o
peratin
g p
oin
t
6.
Stu
dy o
f half w
ave an
d fu
ll wav
e rectifiers.
7.
Stu
dy o
f brid
ge rectifier.
8.
To stu
dy th
e filter circuits a
nd m
easu
re the rip
ple facto
r.
9.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics o
f JFE
T
10.
To p
lot th
e V-I ch
aracteristics o
f MO
SFE
T.
11.
To stu
dy th
e volta
ge m
ultip
liers.
12.
To S
tudy E
mitter fo
llow
er circuits a
nd m
easu
re its input an
d o
utp
ut im
ped
ance
s
13.
To stu
dy th
e beh
avio
r of C
ds p
hoto
conductiv
e, photo
voltaic cell an
d p
hoto
conducto
rs
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1.
Electro
nic D
evice
s & C
ircuits
Millm
an &
Halk
ias
2.
Electro
nic D
evice
s & C
ircuits
G.K
. Mittal
3.
Electro
nic D
evice
s & C
ircuits
A.M
ottersh
ed
4.
Functio
nal E
lectro
nics
K
.V. R
am
anan
5.
Electro
nic D
evice
s & C
ircuits
Math
ur, K
ulsh
restha &
Chad
da
6.
Electro
nic D
evice
s & C
ircuits
San
jeev G
upta
*****
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
13
I�D
US
TR
IAL
I�S
TR
UM
E�
TA
TIO
�
CO
DE
IE 2
06
L T
P
3 -- 2
/2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
In
strum
entatio
n is th
e heart o
f the p
rocess in
dustry
, It pla
ys a v
ery im
portan
t role in
the p
roductio
n. In
ord
er to ru
n
the in
dustry
smooth
ly a
nd efficien
tly it is v
ery m
uch n
eeded. F
undam
entals o
f instru
mentatio
n g
ives a
n in
troductio
n to
the
subject.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1
. B
asic o
f Instru
men
tatio
n :
1.1
N
am
es of im
portan
t pro
cess para
meters, th
eir u
nits, n
ecessity o
f measu
ring th
ese para
mete
rs
1.2
P
rimary
& seco
ndary
standard
s
1.3
N
am
e of th
e senso
rs used
for ab
ove p
arameters a
nd th
eir ranges
1.4
D
irect & in
direct m
easure
men
t
1.5
Static &
dynam
ic characteristics
1.6
A
ctuatin
g, co
ntro
lling &
dam
pin
g m
ethods
1.7
C
oncep
t of u
nder, o
ver an
d critical, d
am
pin
g
1.8
Source o
f errors
1.9
C
lassification o
f errors
1.1
0
Their rem
edies
1.1
1
Sim
ple n
um
erical pro
ble
ms
2
. F
low
:
2.1
In
troductio
n
2.2
D
ifferential p
ressure flo
w m
eter
2.3
O
rifice plates
2.4
V
entu
ri tubes
2.5
Flo
w n
ozzles
2.6
D
all tubes
2.7
P
itot tu
bes
2.8
A
nnubar tu
bes
2.9
R
ota
meter
2.1
0
Electro
magnetic a
nd u
ltrasonic flo
w m
eters
2.1
1
Vortex
flow
meters
2.1
2
Mass flo
w ty
pe m
eters
2.1
3
Shunt flo
w m
eters
3.
Lev
el :
3.1
In
troductio
n
3.2
Flo
at type
3.3
D
isplace
ment ty
pe
3.4
H
ydro
static type
3.5
D
iaphrag
m ty
pe
3.6
D
ifferential p
ressure m
ethod
3.7
E
lectrical conductiv
ity m
ethod
3.8
C
apacitan
ce level
3.9
U
ltrasonic a
nd n
ucleo
nic g
auges
3.1
0
Cap
acitance p
robes
3.1
1
Solid
level d
etectors
4.
Den
sity :
4.1
In
troductio
n
4.2
H
ydro
meters
4.3
D
ensity
of g
ases
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
14
4.4
M
etering o
rifice
4.5
G
as impulse w
heel m
ethods
4.6
G
as specific g
ravity
mea
surin
g sy
stem
5.
Mo
isture / H
um
idity
:
5.1
M
oistu
re conte
nt o
f materials
5.2
M
ethods o
f measu
rem
ent o
f moistu
re
5.3
H
um
idity
5.4
M
ethods o
f measu
rem
ent o
f hum
idity
6.
Visco
sity :
6.1
In
troductio
n
6.2
C
o-e
fficient o
f visco
sity a
nd te
mperatu
re
6.3
O
stwald
meth
od o
f determ
inatio
n o
f visco
sity
6.4
Free fall o
f pisto
n u
nder g
ravity
6.5
T
wo flo
at visco
meter
6.6
T
orq
ue m
ethod
6.7
U
ltrasonic sh
ear waves m
ethod
6.8
T
emperatu
re com
pen
sation
7.
Pressu
re :
7.1
In
troductio
n
7.2
C
onven
tional p
ressure tran
sducers
7.3
M
echan
ical pressu
re transd
ucers
7.3
.1
Man
om
eter meth
od
7.3
.2
C-ty
pe B
ourd
on tu
be
7.3
.3
Diap
hrag
m
7.3
.4
Bello
ws
7.4
M
easure
men
t of v
acuum
7.5
Force b
alance p
ressure g
auges
7.6
E
lectrical pressu
re transd
ucers
7.6
.1
Strain
gau
ge p
ressure tran
sducer
7.6
.2
Poten
tiom
etric pressu
re transd
ucer
7.6
.3
Cap
acitive p
ressure tran
sducer
7.6
.4
Piezo
electric pressu
re transd
ucers
8.
Tem
pera
ture :
8.1
In
troductio
n
8.2
T
emperatu
re scales
8.3
T
emperatu
re mea
surin
g th
eory
8.4
M
ethods o
f measu
ring te
mperatu
re, filled sy
stem
s
8.5
R
esistance th
ermom
eter
8.6
T
herm
oco
uples
8.7
B
imetallic th
ermom
eter
8.8
T
herm
istors
8.9
R
adiatio
n p
yro
meter
8.1
0
Optical p
yro
meter
8.1
1
Therm
ograp
hic co
lor ch
ange, A
coustical, Q
uartz cry
stal therm
om
eters
9.
Vib
ratio
n :
9.1
In
troductio
n
9.2
M
ethods o
f vib
ration m
easu
rem
ent
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
15
9.3
V
ibratio
n p
ick-u
ps
9.4
V
ibro
meters
9.5
M
easurin
g, m
onito
ring a
nd b
alancin
g
10
. S
peed
Mea
sure
men
ts :
10.1
In
troductio
n
10.2
M
echan
ical tachom
eters
10.3
E
lectrical tachom
eters
10.4
C
ontact le
ss tachom
eters
10.5
Freq
uen
cy ty
pe tac
hom
eters
10.6
Stro
bosco
pic tach
om
eters
11
. M
iscellan
eou
s Mea
sure
men
t :
11.1
Force an
d T
orq
ue
11.2
A
cceleration an
d V
elocity
11.3
W
eight
PR
AT
ICA
LS
1.
Measu
rem
ent o
f flow
by ro
tam
eter
2.
Stu
dy a
nd testin
g o
f house w
ater m
eter
3.
Measu
rem
ent o
f flow
by o
rifice m
ethod
4.
Measu
rem
ent o
f flow
by d
ifferen
tial pressu
re flow
meter
5.
Measu
rem
ent o
f flow
by m
agnetic flo
w m
eter
6.
Stu
dy o
f vib
ration p
ick-u
ps
7.
To d
etermin
e relative h
um
idity
by w
et and d
ry b
ulb
hygro
meter
8.
Measu
rem
ent o
f visco
sity b
y red
wood v
iscom
eter
9.
Measu
rem
ent o
f den
sity b
y H
ydro
meter
10.
Measu
ring o
f speed
of a m
oto
r by h
and tach
om
eter
11.
Measu
rem
ent o
f speed
of a m
oto
r fan b
y electro
nic stro
bosc
ope m
ethod
12.
Measu
rem
ent o
f tem
peratu
re by th
ermisto
r
13.
Measu
rem
ent o
f tem
peratu
re by filled
syste
m
14.
Measu
rem
ent o
f pressu
re by B
ourd
en tu
be p
ressure g
auge
15.
Measu
rem
ent o
f pressu
re by m
anom
eter
16.
Stu
dy o
f vario
us p
ressure elem
ents
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
: 1. M
echan
ical and In
dustrial M
easu
rem
ents
R.K
. Jain
2. In
dustrial In
strum
entatio
n an
d C
ontro
l
S.K
. Sin
gh
* *
* *
*
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
16
TR
A�
SD
UC
ER
S &
TE
LE
ME
TR
Y
CO
DE
IE 2
07
L T
P
2 --
2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
The stu
den
ts should
know
the ty
pe o
f signal receiv
ed fro
m th
e prim
ary in
strum
ent an
d its treatm
ent so
that it can
be
used
for m
easu
rem
ent an
d co
ntro
l purp
oses. H
ere he w
ill study d
ifferent ty
pes a
nd u
se of sig
nal g
eneratin
g tran
sducers.
In in
strum
entatio
n sy
stem
, the v
arious co
mponents co
mprisin
g th
e syste
m are u
sually
located
at a distan
ce from
contro
l room
. The m
ake co
nnectio
n b
etwee
n co
mponents th
e subject is in
cluded
.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Tra
nsd
ucers :
1.1
D
efinitio
n
1.2
C
lassification o
f transd
ucers
2.
Va
riab
le Resistiv
e Tra
nsd
ucers :
2.1
P
oten
tiom
eters
2.2
Strain
gau
ges
2.3
R
esistance th
ermom
eters
2.4
T
herm
istors
2.5
H
ot w
ire anem
om
eters
2.6
P
hoto
conductiv
e cell
3.
Va
riab
le Relu
ctan
ce Tra
nsd
ucers :
3.1
V
ariable relu
ctance
3.2
L
inear v
ariable D
ifferential tran
sform
er
3.3
S
ynch
ro tran
smitter an
d receiv
er
4.
Va
riab
le Ca
pa
citan
ce Tra
nsd
ucers :
4.1
V
ariable p
late area
4.2
V
ariable d
istance b
etween
pla
tes
4.3
V
ariable d
ielectric
5.
Vo
ltag
e an
d C
urren
t Gen
era
ting
Tra
nsd
ucer
s :
5.1
P
iezoelectric tran
sducers
5.2
P
hoto
electric transd
ucers - p
hoto
tubes
5.3
P
hoto
multip
lier tubes
5.4
P
hoto
voltaic cell
5.5
T
herm
oco
uple
5.6
M
agneto
electric transd
ucers
6.
Freq
uen
cy G
en
eratin
g a
nd
Dig
ital T
ran
sdu
cers :
6.1
Freq
uen
cy m
odulated
transd
ucers
6.2
R
eluctan
ce pulse p
icks u
p tran
sducers
6.3
P
hoto
tube p
ulse p
icks u
p tran
sducers
6.4
G
eiger co
unters
6.5
Scin
tillation co
unters
7.
Tra
nsd
ucer S
election
Fa
ctor :
7.1
L
oad
ing effects
7.2
E
nviro
nm
ental co
nditio
ns
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
17
7.3
T
ransd
ucer m
easu
ring ran
ge
7.4
S
yste
m co
mpatib
ility
7.5
C
ost an
d a
vailab
ility
8.
Tele
metry
Sy
stem
:
8.1
L
and lin
e telem
etry
8.1
.1
Pneu
matic sy
stem
8.1
.1.1
Flap
per n
ozzle
8.1
.1.2
Pilo
t relay
8.1
.1.3
Non b
leed ty
pe
8.1
.1.4
Bleed
types feed
back
8.1
.1.5
Lim
itations
8.1
.2
Electric sy
stem
8.1
.2.1
Curren
t syste
m
8.1
.2.2
Voltag
e syste
m
8.1
.2.3
Impulse sy
stem
8.1
.2.4
Positio
n sy
stem
or ratio
syste
m
8.1
.2.5
Freq
uen
cy sy
stem
8.2
R
adio
frequen
cy tele
meterin
g
8.2
.1
Am
plitu
de m
odulatio
n
8.2
.2
Freq
uen
cy m
odulatio
n
8.2
.3
Phase m
odulatio
n
8.2
.4
Pulse m
odula
tion
8.2
.5
Pulse a
mplitu
de m
odulatio
n
8.2
.6
Pulse co
de m
odulatio
n
9.
Tra
nsm
itters :
9.1
P
neu
matic tran
smitter
9.1
.1
PD
PT
bello
w ty
pe
9.1
.2
PD
PT
diap
hrag
m ty
pe
9.2
E
lectric transm
itters
9.2
.1
Wheatsto
ne b
ridge
9.2
.2
Inducta
nce b
ridge
9.2
.3
Imped
ance b
ridge
9.2
.4
Differen
tial transfo
rmer
9.2
.5
Synch
ro
9.3
E
lectronic fo
rce balan
ce DP
T
9.4
H
ydrau
lic transm
itter
10
. T
ran
smissio
n C
ha
nn
els a
nd
Med
ia :
10.1
W
ire line ch
annels
10.2
R
adio
chan
nels
10.3
M
icrow
ave ch
annels
10.4
P
ow
er line carrier ch
annels
10.5
M
ultip
lexin
g c
han
nels
10.5
.1
Freq
uen
cy d
ivisio
n
10.5
.2
Tim
e div
ision
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
18
11
. P
rocess L
ag
s :
11.1
M
easure
men
t lags
11.1
.1
Cap
acity la
g
11.1
.2
Tran
sfer lag
11.1
.3
Dista
nce v
elocity
lags
11.1
.4
Effec
ts of m
easure
men
t lags
11.2
Sin
gle cap
acity p
rocess
11.3
M
ulti cap
acity p
rocess
11.4
E
xam
ple
s
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
To d
raw in
put o
utp
ut ch
aracteristics o
f linear v
ariable d
ifferential tra
nsfo
rmer.
2.
To d
raw th
e resistance te
mperatu
re characteristics o
f RT
D
3.
To d
raw th
e resistance te
mperatu
re characteristics o
f therm
istor
4.
To d
raw th
e tem
peratu
re chara
cteristics of th
ermoco
uple
5.
Measu
rem
ent o
f thick
ness o
f a o
bject u
sing cap
acitive tra
nsd
ucer.
6.
Measu
rem
ent o
f stress / pressu
re / weig
ht b
y strain
gau
ge.
7.
To stu
dy th
e synchro
transm
itter and receiv
er
8.
Torq
ue tran
smissio
n b
y sy
nch
ro tran
smitter - receiv
er
9.
Realizatio
n o
f vario
us p
rocess lag
s
10.
Measu
rem
ent o
f pressu
re usin
g p
neum
atic transm
itter
11.
Measu
rem
ent o
f differen
tial pressu
re usin
g P
DP
T
12.
Realizatio
n o
f electric transm
itter
13.
Realizatio
n o
f electronic fo
rce balan
ce DP
T
14.
Stu
dy o
f hydrau
lic transm
itter
15.
Stu
dy o
f differen
t types o
f pilo
t relays
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1. M
echan
ical & In
dustrial M
easure
ments
R.K
. Jain
2. M
odern
Contro
l Engin
eering
Ogata
3.
Fundam
entals o
f Instru
mentatio
n
A
.E. F
riban
ce
4. E
lectrical Measu
rem
ents a
nd In
strum
entatio
n
A
.K. S
aw
hney
5. In
dustrial In
strum
entatio
n an
d C
ontro
l
S.K
. Sin
gh
6. vfxzr ;aa=
hdj.k ,oa fu;a=
.k
,e- ,Q- dqjs'kh
7. ;a=hdj.k ,oa fu;a=
.k
MkW- ,p
-,e- jk;
*****
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
19
CO
�T
RO
L S
YS
TE
M C
OM
PO
�E
�T
S
CO
DE
IE 2
08
L T
P
2 --
2/2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
Measu
rem
ent o
f voltag
e, angular d
isplace
ment, a
ngular v
elocity
and sp
eed co
ntro
l of m
oto
rs are a few
require
ments
of th
e presen
t day in
dustry
this su
bject g
ives a d
etailed stu
dy o
f the in
strum
ents su
ed fo
r these m
easure
ments.
The k
now
ledge ab
out th
is subject as th
e functio
n o
f final co
ntro
l elem
ents is to
carryout faith
fully
the co
mm
ands
giv
en to
it by th
e contro
ller. Slu
ggish
response b
y th
e elem
ents to
the sy
stem
can b
e harm
ful. T
he fin
al contro
l elem
ents are
majo
r link in
the co
ntro
l loop.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Erro
r Sen
sing
Dev
ices :
1.1
P
oten
tiom
eter as an erro
r detecto
r
1.2
S
ynch
ro as a
n erro
r detecto
r
2.
Serv
o A
mp
lifiers :
2.1
R
otatin
g a
mplifier
2.1
.1
Prin
ciple o
f operatio
n
2.1
.2
Constru
ction an
d lo
ad ch
aracteristics of a
mplid
yne
2.1
.3
Tran
sfer functio
n o
f an a
mplid
yne
2.1
.4
Applicatio
ns o
f am
plid
yne
2.1
.4.1
Pap
er mill co
ntro
l usin
g a
mplid
yne an
d o
thers
2.2
M
agnetic a
mplifier
2.2
.1
Basic p
rincip
le of o
peratio
n
2.2
.2
Series an
d p
arallel connectio
n
2.2
.3
Load
line a
naly
sis
2.2
.4
Am
plifier w
ith feed
back
2.3
E
lectronic A
mplifiers
2.3
.1
Intro
ductio
n
2.3
.2
D.C
. Am
plifier
2.3
.3
A.C
. Am
plifier
3.
Serv
o M
oto
rs :
3.1
D
.C. S
ervom
oto
r
3.1
.1
Constru
ction an
d w
ork
ing o
f D.C
. servom
oto
r
3.1
.2
Circu
it dia
gra
m a
nd w
ork
ing o
f field co
ntro
lled D
.C. serv
om
oto
r
3.1
.3
Circu
it dia
gra
m a
nd tran
sfer functio
n o
f armatu
re contro
lled D
.C. m
oto
r
3.1
.4
Torq
ue sp
eed ch
aracteristics of D
.C. serv
om
oto
r
3.1
.5
Applicatio
ns o
f D.C
. servo m
oto
rs
3.2
A
.C. S
ervom
oto
r
3.2
.1
Sch
em
atic diag
ram
and w
ork
ing o
f two-p
hase serv
o m
oto
r
3.2
.2
Types o
f roto
r
3.2
.3
Torq
ue sp
eed ch
aracteristics of A
.C. serv
o m
oto
r
3.2
.4
Applicatio
ns o
f A.C
. servo m
oto
r
3.3
C
onstru
ction an
d w
ork
ing o
f shad
ed p
ole in
ductio
n m
oto
r
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
20
4.
Step
per M
oto
r :
4.1
C
onstru
ction
4.2
W
ork
ing p
rincip
le
4.3
Speed
and static to
rque an
gle ch
aracteristics o
f stepper m
oto
r
4.4
A
pplicatio
n o
f stepper m
oto
r
5.
Tech
og
enera
tors :
5.1
P
rincip
le and w
ork
ing o
f A.C
. and D
.C. tech
ogenerato
rs
5.2
P
ositio
n an
d sp
eed co
ntro
l with
feed b
ack th
rough tec
hogenerato
r
6.
Fin
al C
on
trol E
lem
ents :
6.1
A
ir operated
valv
e
6.1
.1
Constru
ction
6.1
.2
Characteristics
6.1
.3
Sizin
g an
d se
lection
6.1
.4
Materials an
d serv
ices
6.1
.5
Differen
t types o
f plu
gs an
d th
eir applicatio
ns
6.2
A
ctuato
rs
6.3
V
alve p
ositio
ners
6.4
P
ow
er cylin
ders
6.5
Special co
ntro
l valv
es
6.5
.1
Sm
all flow
valv
es
6.5
.2
Sau
nders p
atent v
alv
e
6.5
.3
Butterfly
valv
es
6.5
.4
Solen
oid
valv
e
6.5
.5
Moto
rized v
alve
6.5
.6
Dam
pers
6.6
In
stallation o
f above v
alve
7.
Co
nta
ctor C
on
trol E
lem
ents a
nd
Circu
its :
7.1
B
asic constru
ction o
f contacto
r
7.2
P
ush
butto
ns
7.3
T
herm
al pro
tection rela
y
7.4
T
ime d
elay rela
y
7.5
In
ter lock
ing a
nd seq
uencin
g c
ircuits
7.6
A
pplicatio
ns
7.7
In
troductio
n to
ladder d
iagra
m
8.
Sw
itches :
8.1
P
ressure sw
itches
8.2
T
emperatu
re switc
hes
8.3
Flo
w sw
itches
8.4
L
evel sw
itches
8.5
L
imit sw
itches
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Realizatio
n o
f poten
tiom
eter as an erro
r detecto
r
2.
Realizatio
n o
f a synchro
pair as an
error d
etector
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
21
3.
To d
raw th
e torq
ue sp
eed ch
aracterization o
f a D.C
. servo m
oto
r
4.
Measu
rem
ent o
f speed
with
tech
ogenerato
r
5.
Stu
dy o
f am
plid
yne
6.
Realizatio
n o
f magnetic a
mplifier
7.
Speed
contro
l of step
per m
oto
r.
8.
Stu
dy o
f butterfly
valv
es
9.
Contro
l of flo
w b
y p
neum
atic contro
l valv
e
10.
Contro
l of le
vel b
y so
lenoid
valv
e
11.
To d
raw th
e characteristic o
f pneu
matic co
ntro
l valv
e
12.
To calib
rate a contro
l valv
e
13.
To d
raw th
e characteristic o
f pneu
matic v
alve p
ositio
ner
14.
To m
ake au
tom
atic Y-∆
starter circuit fo
r inductio
n m
oto
r
15.
To realize in
terlock
ing co
nnec
tion fo
r moto
r
16.
To m
ake seq
uencin
g co
nnec
tion fo
r moto
r
17.
To m
ake a co
ntro
l circuit u
sing v
arious sw
itches
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1.
Contro
l Syste
m C
om
ponent
Gib
son &
Teu
ter TM
H
2. C
ontro
l Engin
eering
D
r. A.K
. Tan
dan
, Dr. A
. Subha R
ao
Dr. S
.K. K
ulk
arni, D
r. Parag
S. D
esai
3.
Contro
l Com
ponen
t
B. C
hatterjee
4. H
andbook o
f Instru
men
tatio
n an
d co
ntro
l H
. P. K
allen
5. P
rocess In
strum
ents an
d co
ntro
ls Han
dbook
D.M
. Consid
ine
6.
Electrical D
esign E
stimatin
g a
nd C
ostin
g
Rain
a & B
hattac
hary
a
* *
* *
*
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
22
A�
AL
YT
ICA
L &
E�
VIR
O�
ME
�T
AL
I�S
TR
UM
E�
TA
TIO
�
CO
DE
IE 2
09
L T
P
2 -- 2
/2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
Today
th
e w
hole
world
is
facin
g th
e pro
blem
of
pollu
tion.
The
pollu
tion m
ay be
of
air, w
ater etc.
When
ever
insta
llation o
f a new
industry
takes p
lace pro
blem
of w
aste an
d g
asse
s com
e in p
icture. O
ur g
overn
ment is also
sincere
tow
ards th
e pro
ble
m o
f pollu
tion. It th
erefore b
ecom
es esse
ntial to
study d
ifferent m
ethods o
f analy
sing th
e gas an
d w
ater.
Stu
dents w
ill mea
sure a
nd c
heck
the d
ifferent h
armfu
l gasses in
air and w
ater. After stu
dy o
f this su
bject a stu
den
t will b
e in
a positio
n to
an
alysis
and contro
l th
e harm
ful
elem
ents.
To im
part
latest dev
elopm
ent
in opto
dev
ices in
th
e fie
ld of
instru
men
tatio
n tec
hnolo
gy th
is subject is in
clu
ded
in th
e syllab
us.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Sp
ectrosco
pic A
na
lysis :
1.1
A
bso
rptio
n sp
ectrosco
py
1.2
E
missio
n sp
ectrosco
py
1.3
M
ass spectro
scopy
2.
Ga
s An
aly
sis :
2.1
In
frared g
as analy
ser
2.2
P
aramagnetic o
xygen an
alysers
2.2
.1
Mag
netic fo
rce type
2.2
.2
Mag
netic w
ind ty
pe
2.3
T
herm
al conductiv
ity an
alysers
3.
Ch
rom
ato
gra
ph
y :
3.1
In
troductio
n
3.2
A
naly
sis section
3.3
C
ontro
l section
3.4
O
n lin
e liquid
chro
mato
grap
hy
4.
Liq
uid
An
aly
sis :
4.1
E
lectrical conductiv
ity
4.2
P
h electro
de p
oten
tials
4.3
E
lectroch
em
ical analy
ser
5.
En
viro
nm
en
tal P
ollu
tion
Instru
men
ts :
5.1
T
ypes an
d co
nce
ntratio
n o
f vario
us g
as p
ollu
tant in
atmosp
here
5.2
L
ionizatio
n sm
oke d
etectors
5.2
.1
Prin
ciple
5.2
.2
Applicatio
n
5.2
.3
Special featu
res
5.3
S
moke m
eters
5.4
D
ust m
easu
rem
ent
5.5
V
isible e
missio
n m
onito
ring sy
stem
s
6.
Op
tical A
na
lysis In
strum
en
ts :
6.1
O
ptical P
yro
meter
6.2
In
fra-red
therm
om
eter
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
23
6.3
P
olarim
eter
6.4
L
ight In
tensity
meter
6.5
Spectro
photo
meter
6.6
Spectru
m A
naly
ser
6.7
X
-Ray F
luoro
scopic In
strum
ents
6.8
P
eriscope
6.9
O
ptical F
ilters
6.1
0
Beam
splitters
7.
Wa
ter Po
llutio
n a
nd
Its Mon
itorin
g.
8.
�o
ise Po
llutio
n a
nd
Its Mo
nito
ring
.
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Measu
rem
ent o
f pH
for g
iven liq
uid
2.
To an
alyse g
as sam
ple b
y th
ermal co
nductiv
ity m
ethod.
3.
To m
easu
re Co
2 in a g
iven sa
mple b
y C
o2 an
aly
ser
4.
To m
easu
re conductiv
ity o
f a giv
en so
lutio
n b
y co
nductiv
ity m
eter.
5.
To m
easu
re total d
issolv
ed O
2 in w
ater
6.
To stu
dy sp
ectra photo
meter
7.
Analy
sis of g
as-b
y-g
as ch
rom
atograp
h
8.
Dem
onstratio
n o
f infrared
Analy
ser
9.
Dem
onstratio
n o
f Mass sp
ectrograp
h
10.
Measu
rem
ent o
f light in
tensity
by lu
x m
eter.
11.
Measu
rem
ent o
f radiatio
n b
y in
frared m
eter.
12.
Stu
dy o
f optical filter.
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1. M
echan
ical & In
dustrial M
easure
ments
R.K
. Jain
2. P
rincip
les of In
dustrial In
strum
entatio
n
D. P
atranab
is
3. H
andbook o
f Analy
tical Instru
ment
R
.S. K
handpur
4. O
ptical P
roductio
n T
heo
ry
Horn
5.
Opto
Electro
nics an
Intro
ductio
n
J. W
ilson –
J.F.B
. Haw
kes
* *
* *
*
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
24
‘C’ P
RO
GR
AM
MI�
G
CO
DE
IE 2
10
L T
P
same in
all bran
ches ex
cept A
R/C
C/C
E/C
S/ E
E /IT
2 -- 2
RA
TIO
�A
LE
'C
' is com
puter p
rogra
mm
ing lan
guage an
d also
structu
red p
rogra
mm
ing la
nguage. In
'C' p
rogra
mm
ing la
nguage w
e
consid
er vario
us sy
nta
x u
sed in
pro
gra
mm
ing. B
y h
avin
g g
ood k
now
ledge o
f 'C', stu
den
ts can w
rite modular ap
plicatio
n an
d
syste
m p
rogra
ms. 'C
' can b
e used
in th
e engin
eering ap
plicatio
ns. B
y acq
uirin
g a so
und k
now
ledge o
f 'C' stu
den
ts will b
e able
to u
ndersta
nd th
e concep
t of all th
e applicatio
n areas. T
his co
urse is sp
ecially d
esigned
for en
gin
eering stu
dents o
f all
dip
lom
a stream
s.
CO
�T
E�
TS
1.
Intro
du
ction
:
1.1
Sco
pe o
f ‘C’ L
anguage
1.2
Distin
ction a
nd sim
ilarities w
ith o
ther H
LL
s
1.3
Special featu
res and A
pplicatio
n areas
2.
Ele
men
ts of ‘C
’ :
2.1
C
haracter set
2.2
K
ey w
ord
s
2.3
D
ata types
2.4
C
onstan
ts and V
ariables
2.5
O
perato
rs: unary
, bin
ary, tern
ary
2.6
O
perato
r preced
ence
3.
Co
nso
le Inp
ut-O
utp
ut :
3.1
T
ypes o
f I-O
3.2
C
onso
le I-O
3.3
U
nfo
rmatted
conso
le I-O: g
etc
har(),p
utch
ar(), gets(), p
uts(),
getch
(),getch
e()
3.4
Form
atted I-O
: scanf(), p
rintf()
4.
Co
ntro
l Flo
w :
4.1
State
ments an
d b
lock
s
4.2
if
4.3
sw
itch
4.4
L
oops: fo
r, while, d
o-w
hile
4.5
goto
and lab
els
4.6
break
, contin
ue, ex
it
4.7
N
esting co
ntro
l statem
ents
5.
Arra
ys :
5.1
B
asic concep
ts
5.2
M
em
ory
represen
tation
5.3
O
ne d
imensio
nal arra
y
5.4
T
wo D
imen
sional arra
y
6.
Fu
nctio
ns:
6.1
B
asic concep
ts
6.2
D
eclaration an
d p
roto
types
6.3
C
alling
6.4
A
rgum
ents
Instru
mentatio
n E
ngin
eering
25
6.5
Sco
pe ru
les
6.6
R
ecursio
n
6.7
Sto
rage classe
s types
6.8
L
ibrary
of fu
nctio
ns: m
ath, strin
g, sy
stem
7.
Po
inters :
7.1
B
asic concep
ts
7.2
&
, * o
perato
r
7.3
P
oin
ter expressio
n: assig
nm
ent, arith
metic, co
mpariso
n
7.4
D
ynam
ic mem
ory
allocatio
n
7.5
P
oin
ter v/s A
rrays
8.
Stru
cture a
nd
En
um
erated
Da
ta T
yp
es :
8.1
B
asic concep
ts
8.2
D
eclaration an
d m
em
ory
map
8.3
E
lem
ents o
f structu
res
8.4
E
num
erated d
ata types: ty
ped
ef, enum
8.5
U
nio
n
PR
AC
TIC
AL
S
1.
Pro
blem
s based
on arith
metic ex
pressio
n, fix
ed m
ode arith
metic.
2.
Pro
blem
s based
on co
nditio
nal state
men
ts and co
ntro
l structu
res.
3.
Pro
blem
s based
on arra
ys (1
-D, 2
-D), fu
nctio
ns a
nd p
oin
ters.
4.
Pro
blem
s based
on en
gin
eering ap
plicatio
ns.
RE
FE
RE
�C
E B
OO
KS
:
1.
'C' P
rogram
min
g
Step
hen
Koch
an
2.
Pro
gram
min
g w
ith 'C
'
Sch
aum
's Series
3.
'C' P
rogram
min
g
V.B
alguru
Sw
am
i
4.
'C' P
rogram
min
g
Kern
ighan &
Ritc
hie
5.
Let u
s 'C'
Y
ashw
ant K
anetk
ar
* *
* *
*
top related