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Edition 5 / Revision 1 TRANSPORT FOR NSW
June 2020
TRANSPORT FOR NSW (TfNSW)
QA SPECIFICATION B280
PLAIN ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS AND STRIPS
NOTICE
This document is a Transport for NSW QA Specification. It has been developed for use with
roadworks and bridgeworks contracts let by Transport for NSW or by local councils in NSW. It is not
suitable for any other purpose and must not be used for any other purpose or in any other context.
Copyright in this document belongs to Transport for NSW.
REVISION REGISTER
Ed/Rev
Number
Clause
Number Description of Revision
Authorised
By Date
Ed1/Rev0 First issue. GM,CMS 04.04.91
Ed2/Rev0 Revised to '92 Austroads Bridge Design
Code.
Clause numbers changed.
GM,ECB (per W Ho)
22.03.95
Ed2/Rev1 Converted to MS Word 6.0c. GM, RNIC (per W Ho)
25.07.97
Ed2/Rev2 Annexure
B280/1
New annexure listing Identified Records. GM, RNIC 04.05.00
Ed3/Rev0 1.2 References revised and transferred to new
Annex M.
Specification structure described.
GM, RNIC 11.03.03
2.2, 2.2.5, 4
Annex M
Revised Specifications and Standards.
3 Renumbered as Clause 4.
2.1 Revised elastomer properties.
2.2 Revised sampling and testing requirements.
2.2.7 & 2.3 Bearing Test Report.
Annex 1 Renumbered as Annex C.
Ed 3/Rev 1 Changed fonts. GM, RNIC 07.08.03
Ed 4/Rev 0 Various Text revised to direct imperative style.
”Superintendent” replaced by “Principal”.
Reformatting and minor editing
“shall” replaced by “must”.
GM, RNIC (P Bamford)
01.11.06
Foreword New clause after the Table of Contents
Various Compliance now required to AS 5100.4.
Ed 4/Rev 1 1.3 Use of approved bearings mandated and link
to lists of RMS approved bridge proprietary
products added.
GM, IC 20.04.12
ii
Ed/Rev
Number
Clause
Number Description of Revision
Authorised
By Date
Ed 5/Rev 0 Spec title Spec title changed - term “unreinforced”
replaced with “plain” to accord with
AS 5100.4.
DCS 19.10.18
1.1 Clarified that installation of bearings covered
by other spec.
1.2 Standard clauses amended.
1.3 New clause on definitions added.
1.4 New clause on Quality Management System.
1.5 Previously clause 1.3 on approved bridge
components.
2 New clause on materials.
2.2.1 Previously 1st paragraph of clause 2.1.
2.2.2, 2.2.3 Previously clause 2.2.1 on elastomer,
reworded.
3 New clause on manufacture.
3.1 Cutting of bearing pads and strips
conditionally allowed.
3.2.1 Standard sizes of bearing pads and strips
clarified.
3.2.2 Requirement for joints and holes in strips
added.
Minimum edge distance for holes along
bearing strip length added.
3.2.3 Table B280.2 (previously Table B280.1) on
dimensional tolerances reformatted.
Longitudinal dimensional tolerance for
bearing strip added.
4.1.1 New sub-clause on frequency of testing,
cross referring to Annex L.
4.1.2 Previously part of clause 2.2.2.
Testing in laboratories accredited under
Mutual Recognition Agreement with NATA
allowed.
Testing of all bearings at the same laboratory
mandated.
4.1.3 Previously clause 2.2.3 on testing equipment.
4.1.4 Previously last sentence of clause 2.2.2 on
test temperature.
4.2 New clause on test samples, incorporating
parts of previous clause 2.2.2.
4.2.1 Pad test piece size specified.
Sampling from different strips in Lot and
away from ends specified.
iii
Ed/Rev
Number
Clause
Number Description of Revision
Authorised
By Date
Ed 5/Rev 0
(cont’d)
4.3 New clause and Tables B280.3 with revised
notes on rated properties of standard bearing
test pieces, incorporating part of previous
clause 2.2.2 and Table B280.2.
4.4 Previously clause 2.2.4 on compressive
stiffness test. Test method clarified.
4.5 Previously clause 2.2.5 on shear stiffness
test.
4.6 Previously clause 2.2.6 on visual inspection,
reworded.
4.7 Previously clause 2.2.7 on bearing report.
4.8 New clause on dealing with Lots represented
by nonconforming test pieces.
5.1 Previously clause 2.3 on identification.
5.2 New clause on delivery of bearing pads and
strips. New Hold Point added.
Annex C Schedules updated.
Annex L New annexure on frequency of testing,
moved here from previous clause 2.2.2.
Frequency slightly reduced.
Ed 5/Rev 1 Global References to “Roads and Maritime
Services” or “RMS” changed to “Transport
for NSW” or “TfNSW” respectively.
DCS 22.06.20
Edition 5 / Revision 1 TRANSPORT FOR NSW
June 2020
QA SPECIFICATION B280
PLAIN ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS
AND STRIPS
Copyright – Transport for NSW
IC-QA-B280
VERSION FOR:
DATE:
Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips B280
Ed 5 / Rev 1 i
CONTENTS
CLAUSE PAGE
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................... II TfNSW Copyright and Use of this Document ............................................................................... ii Revisions to Previous Version ....................................................................................................... ii Project Specific Changes ............................................................................................................... ii
1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Structure of the Specification ......................................................................................... 1 1.3 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Quality Management System Requirements .................................................................. 2 1.5 Approved Bridge Components and Systems .................................................................. 2
2 MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Elastomer ........................................................................................................................ 2
3 MANUFACTURE .............................................................................................................................. 3 3.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 Dimensions and Tolerances ............................................................................................ 3
4 TESTING OF BEARINGS ................................................................................................................... 5 4.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 5 4.2 Test Samples ................................................................................................................... 5 4.3 Rated Properties .............................................................................................................. 5 4.4 Compressive Stiffness Test ............................................................................................ 6 4.5 Shear Stiffness Test ........................................................................................................ 6 4.6 Visual Inspection ............................................................................................................ 7 4.7 Bearing Report................................................................................................................ 7 4.8 Nonconforming Lots ...................................................................................................... 7
5 IDENTIFICATION AND DELIVERY .................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Identification................................................................................................................... 8 5.2 Delivery .......................................................................................................................... 8
ANNEXURES B280/A AND B280/B – (NOT USED).................................................................................... 9
ANNEXURE B280/C – SCHEDULES OF HOLD POINTS AND IDENTIFIED RECORDS .................................... 9 C1 Schedule of Hold Points ................................................................................................. 9 C2 Schedule of Identified Records....................................................................................... 9
ANNEXURE B280/D – PLANNING DOCUMENTS ....................................................................................... 9
ANNEXURES B280/E TO B280/K – (NOT USED) .................................................................................... 10
ANNEXURE B280/L – FREQUENCY OF TESTING ..................................................................................... 10
ANNEXURE B280/M – REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ................................................................................ 10
LAST PAGE OF THIS DOCUMENT IS .......................................................................................................... 10
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
ii Ed 5 / Rev 1
FOREWORD
TFNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT
Copyright in this document belongs to Transport for NSW.
When this document forms part of a contract
This document should be read with all the documents forming the Contract.
When this document does not form part of a contract
This copy is not a controlled document. Observe the Notice that appears on the first page of the copy
controlled by TfNSW. A full copy of the latest version of the document is available on the TfNSW
Internet website: http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/business-industry/partners-
suppliers/specifications/index.html
REVISIONS TO PREVIOUS VERSION
This document has been revised from Specification TfNSW B280 Edition 5 Revision 0.
All revisions to the previous version (other than minor editorial and project specific changes) are
indicated by a vertical line in the margin as shown here, except when it is a new edition and the text
has been extensively rewritten.
PROJECT SPECIFIC CHANGES
Any project specific changes are indicated in the following manner:
(a) Text which is additional to the base document and which is included in the Specification is
shown in bold italics e.g. Additional Text.
(b) Text which has been deleted from the base document and which is not included in the
Specification is shown struck out e.g. Deleted Text.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
Ed 5 / Rev 1 1
TfNSW QA SPECIFICATION B280
PLAIN ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS AND STRIPS
1 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
This Specification sets out the requirements for the supply of plain (unreinforced) elastomeric bearing
pads and strips.
For requirements on installation of bearings, refer to Specification TfNSW B284.
1.2 STRUCTURE OF THE SPECIFICATION
This Specification includes a series of annexures that detail additional requirements.
1.2.1 (Not Used)
1.2.2 (Not Used)
1.2.3 Schedules of HOLD POINTS and Identified Records
The schedules in Annexure B280/C list the HOLD POINTS that must be observed. Refer to
Specification TfNSW Q for the definition of HOLD POINTS.
The records listed in Annexure B280/C are Identified Records for the purposes of TfNSW Q
Annexure Q/E.
1.2.4 Planning Documents
The PROJECT QUALITY PLAN must include each of the documents and requirements listed in
Annexure B280/D and must be implemented.
1.2.5 Frequency of Testing
The Inspection and Test Plan must nominate the proposed frequency of testing to verify conformity of
the item, which must not be less than the frequency specified in Annexure B280/L. Where a minimum
frequency is not specified, nominate an appropriate frequency. Frequency of testing must conform to
the requirements of TfNSW Q.
You may propose to the Principal a reduced minimum frequency of testing. The proposal must be
supported by a statistical analysis verifying consistent process capability and product characteristics.
The Principal may vary or restore the specified minimum frequency of testing, either provisionally or
permanently, at any time.
1.2.6 Referenced Documents
Unless otherwise specified, the applicable issue of a referenced document, other than a TfNSW
Specification, is the issue current at the date one week before the closing date for tenders, or where no
issue is current at that date, the most recent issue.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
2 Ed 5 / Rev 1
Standards, specifications and test methods are referred to in abbreviated form (e.g. AS 1234). For
convenience, the full titles are given in Annexure B280/M.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
The terms “you” and “your” mean “the Contractor” and “the Contractor’s” respectively.
The following definitions apply to this Specification:
Bearing strip Elastomeric bearing, with length equal to or greater than 10 times its width.
Lot Bearings of the same size, made from the same material batch, manufactured
under the same conditions and supplied to the project at the same time.
Standard bearing Common plain elastomeric bearing (pads and strips), of sizes listed in Table
B280.1.
1.4 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
The manufacturer/supplier of the bearings under this Specification must have in place quality
management systems independently certified as fully complying with AS/NZS ISO 9001, by an
organisation accredited by JAS-AZS or an affiliated international certification organisation. Provide
evidence of the certification.
The Principal may conduct audits and inspections of the manufacturer’s and/or supplier’s procedures
and processes during the course of the Contract.
1.5 APPROVED BRIDGE COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS
Use only plain elastomeric bearing pads and strips that have been approved by TfNSW. The list of
TfNSW approved bridge proprietary products can be found at:
http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/business-industry/partners-suppliers/documents/tenders-
contracts/listofapprovedbridgecomponentssystems.pdf
2 MATERIALS
2.1 GENERAL
All materials used for bearing pads and strips must comply with AS 5100.4 unless otherwise specified
in this Specification.
2.2 ELASTOMER
2.2.1 Materials Type
The elastomer used in the bearing pads and strips must comprise natural rubber and other materials
compounded and cured to satisfy the properties specified in Appendix B of AS 5100.4 for Type 60H.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips B280
Ed 5 / Rev 1 3
2.2.2 Evidence of Conformity
Provide documentary evidence including certificates of compliance to verify conformity of the
elastomer to the requirements of this Specification.
2.2.3 Testing Laboratories
Testing of materials must be carried out in laboratories accredited by NATA for the test, or in
laboratories accredited for that test by an organisation with Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA)
with NATA. If no such facilities are available for a test, the test must be carried out in a laboratory
approved by the Principal with the results reported in a format acceptable to the Principal.
3 MANUFACTURE
3.1 GENERAL
Manufacture of bearing pads and strips must comply with AS 5100.4 except where modified by this
Specification.
Manufacture bearing pads and strips by vulcanizing rubber in a mould under pressure.
Do not manufacture pads and strips by extruding them.
Do not manufacture the pads and strips by cutting them from sheets, except under the following
circumstances:
(a) Cutting of a pad to achieve the required size is permitted, provided that:
(i) not more than two edges are cut, and
(ii) the cut edges are straight without any visible marks that may compromise its strength or
durability.
(b) Cutting of strips to achieve the required length is permitted.
3.2 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
3.2.1 Dimensions of Standard Pads and Strips
Dimensions of standard bearing pads and strips are shown in Table B280.1.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
4 Ed 5 / Rev 1
Table B280.1 – Standard Sizes
Bearing Length
(mm)
Width
(mm)
Thickness (1)
(mm)
Pads 350 250 25
450 250 25
Strips N/A
65 20
95 20
125 25
150 25
Note: (1) Unless otherwise approved by the Principal, the thickness of
unreinforced elastomeric pad and strip bearings must not be greater than
25 mm, notwithstanding anything shown to the contrary on the
Drawings.
3.2.2 Joints and Holes for Bearing Strips
Minimise the number of joints in bearing strips. You may use individual lengths of bearing strips not
shorter than 1.2 m to make up to the required length, unless shown otherwise on the Drawings or
approved by the Principal.
Comply also with the requirements in TfNSW B284 on joints and holes for bearing strips.
3.2.3 Dimensional Tolerances
Manufacture bearing pads and strips to the dimensions stated on the Drawings within the tolerances
given in Table B280.2.
Table B280.2 – Dimensional Tolerances
Tolerances (mm)
Dimension Pad Strip
Plan dimension
Width 2.0 2.0
Length 2.0 5.0
Thickness 1.0 1.0
Out of parallel between top and bottom surfaces
Transverse direction 1.0 0.5
Longitudinal direction 1.0 1.0
Hole
Diameter 2.0 2.0
Location 2.0 2.0
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips B280
Ed 5 / Rev 1 5
4 TESTING OF BEARINGS
4.1 GENERAL
4.1.1 Frequency
Test the bearing pads and strips at the frequency specified in Annexure B280/L.
4.1.2 Testing Laboratories
Tests must be carried out in laboratories accredited by NATA for the test, or in laboratories accredited
for that test by an organisation with Mutual Recognition Agreement with NATA, unless approved
otherwise by the Principal.
Carry out all testing of bearings supplied for the Contract at the same laboratory.
4.1.3 Testing Equipment
Use testing equipment capable of measuring to an accuracy of 3% or better for compressive and
shear loads, and 1% or better for deflection.
4.1.4 Test Temperature
Test temperature must be between 15C and 30C.
4.2 TEST SAMPLES
4.2.1 General
Test samples must be representative of the pads and strips supplied.
Pad test pieces must be full size pads.
Strip test pieces must be 0.4 m long strips without holes. The test pieces must be taken from at least 3
different strips of the Lot, and must include at least a test piece taken from a location on the strip away
from the ends.
4.2.2 Preparation
Do not carry out testing of the test pieces earlier than two days after completion of pressure moulding.
Where bearing pads have holes, plug them during testing using elastomeric plugs with similar
properties to the pads.
4.3 RATED PROPERTIES
The rated properties given in Tables B280.3(a) and B280.3(b) apply to test pieces of standard bearing
pads and strips, respectively. For non-standard pads and strips, i.e. with different width or thickness
than those in Table B280.1, derive the rated properties in accordance with AS 5100.4.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
6 Ed 5 / Rev 1
Table B280.3(a) – Rated Properties for Standard Bearing Pad Test Pieces
Test Piece Size (mm) 350x250x25 450x250x25
Shape Factor 1.62 1.79
Nominal design compressive load (kN) 255 362
Compressive stiffness (1) (kN/mm) 102 145
Nominal design shear deflection (mm) 12.5 12.5
Shear stiffness (1) (kN/mm) 3.15 4.05
Note:
(1) Rated properties for bearing pad test pieces were derived from AS 5100.4. Compressive stiffness values are
indicative only.
Table B280.3(b) – Rated Properties for Standard Bearing Strip Test Pieces
Test Piece Size (mm) (1) 400x65x20 400x95x20 400x125x25 400x150x25
Shape factor 0.78 1.07 1.06 1.21
Nominal design compressive load (2) (kN) 36 73 95 131
Compressive stiffness (3) (kN/mm) 18.2 36.5 38.1 52.4
Nominal design shear deflection (mm) 10.0 (4) 10.0 12.5 12.5
Shear stiffness (3) (kN/mm) 1.17 1.71 1.80 2.16
Notes:
(1) The dimensions shown are for the strip test pieces which are identical to the corresponding bearing strips,
except for the length.
(2) Properties of bearing strips are valid only for 400 mm long test pieces without holes.
(3) Rated properties for bearing strip test pieces were derived from AS 5100.4. Compressive stiffness values are
indicative only.
(4) This value must be reduced in design due to the strip shape factor being outside AS 5100.4 limit.
4.4 COMPRESSIVE STIFFNESS TEST
4.4.1 General
Carry out the compressive stiffness tests in accordance with Appendix D of AS 5100.4. Calculate for
each sample the compressive stiffness of all test pieces and the mean value.
4.4.2 Conformity
A bearing Lot is considered conforming if the compressive stiffness of each test piece within the
sample representing the Lot does not differ from the sample mean by more than 15%.
4.5 SHEAR STIFFNESS TEST
4.5.1 General
After completion of the compressive stiffness tests, carry out the shear stiffness tests on the same test
pieces in accordance with Appendix D of AS 5100.4.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips B280
Ed 5 / Rev 1 7
For this shear stiffness test, the test pieces (pads or strips) must be tested in pairs.
4.5.2 Procedure
To enable the shear stiffness of individual bearings to be calculated, test each of the test pieces in the
first pair tested with a third test piece, i.e. test pieces A and B, then B and C, and then test pieces A
and C.
Where the number of test pieces is more than three, test subsequent test pieces with one of the three
known test pieces and calculate their stiffness.
Any one of the three original test pieces may be paired with a subsequent test piece provided their
compressive stiffnesses are similar and that the test pieces subjected to repeated testing is given
sufficient time to recover between tests to avoid significant hysteresis effects.
4.5.3 Conformity
A bearing Lot is considered conforming if the shear stiffness of each test piece within the sample
representing the Lot does not differ from the shear stiffness specified in Table B280.3 for standard
bearings, or from that derived in accordance with AS 5100.4 for non-standard bearings, by more than
20%.
4.6 VISUAL INSPECTION
4.6.1 Visible Faults
During and after the tests described in Clauses 4.4 and 4.5, observe the test pieces and report any
visible fault or damage, including:
(a) splitting;
(b) permanent deformations; or
(c) significant irregular or unsymmetrical surface bulging.
4.6.2 Conformity
A bearing Lot represented by the sample inspected is considered conforming, if none of the test pieces
in that sample exhibit any sign of damage.
4.7 BEARING REPORT
Provide a bearing report verifying that all bearings conform to the requirements of this Specification.
The report must include a summary of all test results with clear identification of the bearings tested.
4.8 NONCONFORMING LOTS
Reject any nonconforming bearing test piece within a sample representing a bearing Lot.
The remainder of the bearings in the nonconforming Lot may be accepted where each bearing in that
Lot is tested and verified as conforming. The additional testing is carried out at no cost to the
Principal.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
8 Ed 5 / Rev 1
5 IDENTIFICATION AND DELIVERY
5.1 IDENTIFICATION
Identify clearly all bearing pads and strips to be supplied, and include the identification details in the
relevant test report.
5.2 DELIVERY
Protect bearing pads and strips from dust, moisture and damage until their installation.
HOLD POINT
Process Held: Delivery of bearing pads and/or strips to site.
Submission Details: Elastomer conformity evidence (Clause 2.2.2), bearing report (Clause 4.7)
and proposed location of joints of bearing strips, where applicable, in
accordance with Clause 3.2.1, at least five working days before the proposed
delivery of pads or strips to the Site.
Release of Hold Point: The Principal will consider the submitted documents for compliance with
this Specification, prior to authorising the release of the Hold Point.
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips B280
Ed 5 / Rev 1 9
ANNEXURES B280/A AND B280/B – (NOT USED)
ANNEXURE B280/C – SCHEDULES OF HOLD POINTS AND
IDENTIFIED RECORDS
Refer to Clause 1.2.3.
C1 SCHEDULE OF HOLD POINTS
Clause Description
5.2 Submission of bearing conformity documentation
C2 SCHEDULE OF IDENTIFIED RECORDS
The records listed below are Identified Records for the purposes of TfNSW Q Annexure Q/E.
Clause Description of the Identified Record
1.4 Quality Management System documentation
2.2.2 Documentary evidence verifying conformity of elastomer material
4.7 Bearing report
ANNEXURE B280/D – PLANNING DOCUMENTS
Refer to Clause 1.2.4.
The following documents are a summary of documents that must be included in the PROJECT
QUALITY PLAN. Review the requirements of this Specification and other contract documents to
determine any additional documentation requirements.
Clause Description of Document
3.2.2 Details of proposed location of joints and holes for bearing strips, as applicable
(TfNSW COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS DOCUMENT - Refer to the Foreword after the Table of Contents)
B280 Plain Elastomeric Bearing Pads and Strips
10 Ed 5 / Rev 1
ANNEXURES B280/E TO B280/K – (NOT USED)
ANNEXURE B280/L – FREQUENCY OF TESTING
Refer to Clause 1.2.5.
Clause Characteristic Analysed Minimum Frequency of Testing
Pads Strips
4.4, 4.6 Compressive stiffness (1) 1 in every 12 pads, or part thereof, but
minimum of 3 for each pad size per Lot
5 for each strip
size per Lot
4.5, 4.6 Shear stiffness (1)
Note: (1) Assess by visual inspection in accordance with Clause 4.6.
ANNEXURE B280/M – REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
Refer to Clause 1.2.6.
TfNSW Specifications
TfNSW Q Quality Management System
TfNSW B284 Installation of Bridge Bearings
Australian Standards
AS 5100.4 Bridge design – Bearings and deck joints
AS/NZS ISO 9001 Quality management systems – Requirements
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