hvacr116 – trade skills plan views elevations. plan views
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HVACR116 – Trade Skills
Plan ViewsElevations
Plan Views
Objectives
• After completing this unit, you will be able to explain the general kinds of information shown on the listed plans:o Site planso Foundation planso Floor plans
Site Plans
• Gives site information and where the building will be constructed
• Boundary is shown with a heavy line or with one or two short dashes between longer line segmento Length is noted next to line symbol
• Symbol indicates compass direction site faces• Indicate where building is positioned on the site
Site Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 6–1. Minimum information shown on a site plan.
Foundation Plans
• Shows foundation walls and structural work to be done below living spaceso Footing
Supports foundation walls with a concrete baseo Slab-on-grade foundation
Concrete slab placed directly on soil with little (or no) other support
Foundation Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 6–2. Footing and foundation wall.
Foundation Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 6–3. Slab-on-grade foundation.
Foundation Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 6–4. A girder provides intermediate support between the foundation walls.
Foundation Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 6–5. Foundation plan.
Floor Plans
• Section view taken at a height o Shows placement of walls, windows, doors, cabinets, and other
important featureso A separate floor plan is included for each building flooro Provides more information than any other drawing
Building Layout
• Floor plans show locations of all walls, doors, windows, how building is divided into rooms and how to get from one room to anothero Familiarize yourself with layout by imagining yourself walking
through the house
Dimensions
• Given for sizes and locations of all walls, partitions, doors, windows, and other important featureso On frame construction, exterior walls are dimensioned to outside
face of wall framingo If walls are to be covered, material is outside the dimensioned
face of wall frameo Interior partitions may be dimensioned to centerlines or face of
studs
Dimensions (cont’d.)
• Windows and doors may be dimensioned about their centerlines, or edges of openings
• Solid masonry construction is dimensioned entirely to face of masonry
• Masonry openings for doors and windows are dimensioned to the edge of openings
Dimensions (cont’d.)
Figure 6–6. Frame construction dimensioning.
Dimensions (cont’d.)
Figure 6–7. Masonry construction dimensioning.
Other Features of Floor Plans
• Floor plans include as much information as possible without making it cluttered and hard to reado Doors and windows are shown by their symbolso Cabinets are shown in proper positions
Explained further by elevations and detailso Stairs are showno Overhead construction is indicated
Other Features of Floor Plans (cont’d.)
• If the ceiling is framed with joists, their size, direction, and spacing are shown
• Architectural features (e.g., exposed beams, arches in doorways, or unusual roof lines) may be shown by phantom lines
Elevations
Objectives
• After completing this unit, you will be able to perform the following tasks:o Orient building elevations to building planso Explain the kinds of information shown on elevations
Introduction
• Elevations are drawings that show object height o When builders and architects refer to building elevations, they
mean exterior elevation drawingso A working drawing set includes elevation of the buildings four
sides A complex building may have more A simple building may have less
Figure 7–1. Building elevations.
Orienting Elevations
• Helps to determine the relationship of one drawing to another
• Elevations are named according to compass directions (e.g., side that faces north is the north elevation)o Allows them to be oriented to other plans
Orienting Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–2. Elevations are usually named according to their compass directions.
Orienting Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–3. Plan labeled to help orientation to north arrow.
Orienting Elevations (cont’d.)
• Sometimes compass directions cannot be used (e.g., when drawings are for use on several sites)o Elevations are then named according to their position when
facing the building
Orienting Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–4. Elevations can be named according to their relative positions.
Information on Building Elevations
• Building elevations do not include a lot of detailso Shows finished appearance of building better than other viewso Shows most of the building, as it will actually appear, with solid
lineso Underground portion is shown with hidden lines
Information on Building Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–5. Underground portion of the building is shown with dashed lines.
• Footing is shown as a rectangle of dashed lines at the bottom of foundation walls
• Ground surface is shown by a heavy solid line (i.e., grade line)
• May include notes to indicate elevation above sea level or reference point (altitude or height)
Information on Building Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–6. The elevation of this site is 150 feet.
Information on Building Elevations (cont’d.)
• Dimensions include:o Thickness of footingo Height of foundation wallso Top of foundation to finished first flooro Finished floor to ceiling or top of plate o Finished floor to bottom of window headerso Roof overhang at eaves
Information on Building Elevations (cont’d.)
Figure 7–7. Dimensions on an elevation.
Information on Building Elevations (cont’d.)
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