homework inside earth chapter 1

Inside Earth (pp. 16 – 24)

Section 1.1

Definitions

Geologist

Continent

Seismic Waves

Word BankAsthenosphere LithosphereInner Core Outer CoreMantle Crust

A

Inside Earth (pp. 16 – 24)

Section 1.1

This diagram represents the inside of the earth.

Blue represents water and brown represents rock and soil.

Inside Earth (pp. 16 – 24)

Section 1.1

Fill in the Blank

1. As you get closer to the center of the earth, the pressure ____________________________ and

the temperature __________________________________.

2. The three main layers of the earth’s interior are the ____________________________, the

____________________________, and the ________________________________.

3. Ocean crust is most commonly composed of a rock called _______________________ whereas

continental crust is most commonly composed of a rock called ______________________.

4. Ocean crust is ______________________ (thicker or thinner) than continental crust.

Matching

Match the layer of the earth with the description.

_____________________ inner core A. thinnest earth layer, outer crust

_____________________ outer core B. thick,extremely hot molten metal

_____________________ mantle C. rigid layer of the mantle

_____________________ asthenosphere D. soft, slowly flowing layer of the mantle

_____________________ lithosphere E. solid metal

_____________________ crust F. layer with the greatest volume, made

out of hot rocks.

Inside Earth (pp. 16 – 24)

Section 1.1

Matching

Match the chemicals with the layer of the earth in which it can be found. Several of the answers are used more than once.

1. Crust _________________________________________________ A. OxygenB. Silicon

2. Mantle _________________________________________________ C. IronD. Magnesium

3. Core ____________________________________________________ E. CalciumF. AluminumG. PotassiumH. Nickel

Discussion

1. What are two major differences between the continental crust and oceanic crust?

2. What happens in the earth’s interior to produce the earth’s magnetic field?

Inside Earth (pp. 25 – 27)

Section 1.2

Definitions:

Heat Transfer

Radiation

Conduction

Convection

Density

Convection Current

Inside Earth (pp. 25 – 27)

Section 1.2

This is a diagram of the mantle of the earth. Draw the convection currents that occur in the mantle. Be careful to draw them in the correct part of the mantle!

Inside Earth (pp. 25 – 27)

Section 1.2

Matching (Each word has three choices that match.)

____________________ radiation A. ice melting in your hand

B. heat from the sun

____________________ conduction C. touching a stove and getting burned

D. heat coming from a fire

____________________ convection E. the mixing of air in the atmosphere caused by warm air rising and cool air falling.

F. heat from a fire

G. heat from a light bulb

H. currents caused by the heating and cooling of the magma inside the earth.

I. a spoon sitting in hot soup becomes hot.

Discussion

1. What happens to the density of a fluid when it becomes hotter? What happens to the density of a fluid when it becomes cooler?

2. What happens to convection currents when a fluid reaches constant temperature?

Inside Earth (pp. 28 – 32)

Section 1.3

Definitions:

Wegener’s hypothesis

Pangaea

Continental Drift

Fossil

Folded mountains Glossopteris Fossils

Glacial Deposits Coal beds

Glossopteris Fossils

Inside Earth (pp. 28 – 32)

Section 1.3

This is a map of the earth. Use the key to fill in the four major geologic evidences for continental drift. Draw each on the map, using the correct color.

Discussion:

1. What was the main reason scientists rejected Wegener’ hypothesis?

2. How many years did it take for scientists to accept Wegener’s hypothesis? Could his hypothesis be rejected again? How?

Inside Earth (pp. 33 – 39)

Section 1.4

Definitions:

Mid-ocean ridge

Sonar

Sea-floor spreading

The Glomar Challenger

Deep Ocean Trench

Subduction

Molten Material (Magma)

Mantleolten Material (Magma) Rock formed when the magnetic field was in the same direction as it is today

Rock formed when the magnetic field was reversed.

Inside Earth (pp. 33 – 39)

Section 1.4

1. Use the key to color the diagram to illustrate the parts of the sea floor surrounding a mid ocean ridge.2. Label the Oceanic Crust.3. Label the Mid-Ocean Ridge

Inside Earth (pp. 33 – 39)

Section 1.4

1. Draw the location of the Mid-Ocean Ridges.

2. Draw the location of the deep ocean Trenches.

3. Label the Mid -Atlantic Ridge (write the name next to the line)

Fill in the blank

When oceanic crust meets continental crust, the oceanic crust moves

______________________ (underneath or above) the continental crust because

the oceanic crust is _________________________ (more or less) dense.

Inside Earth (pp. 33 – 39)

Section 1.4

Discussion

1. Why does molten material rise up through the crust towards the sea floor?

2. Where would you expect to find the oldest rock on the ocean floor? Explain.

Inside Earth (pp. 42 – 47)

Section 1.5

Definitions

Theory

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Transform Boundary

Divergent Boundary

Convergent Boundary

Rift Valley

Inside Earth (pp. 42 – 47)

Section 1.5

Draw a diagram to illustrate each answer. If you need more room, use additional paper or write on the back of this page.

1. When two oceanic plates diverge, what landform is created? Draw a diagram of this situation.

2. When two oceanic plates converge, what landforms are created? Draw a diagram of this situation.

3. When a continental plate and an oceanic plate converge, what landforms are created? Draw a diagram of this situation.

4. When two continental plates converge, what landforms are created? Draw a diagram of this situation.

5. When two continental plates diverge, what landforms are created? Draw a diagram of this situation.