history and cultivation of vicenza limestone quarry

History and cultivation of Vicenza Limestone Quarry

ARCH. GRASSI FRANCESCO1) Geology and Geography of Berici Hills

2) Quarrying in the past 3) Small workshop

4) Machine for underground quarrying5) Management and quarries reuse

BERICI HILLS GEOGRAPY

� 50 million years ago :� EOCENE � NOT DEEP SEA� VOLCANOS � GROUND FROM RIVERS� SEA SEDIMENTATION � SEA SEDIMENTATION � “BIO-CALCARENITI” � LIMESTONE FOSSILS� “PIETRA DI NANTO” � “GIALLO DORATO”� “PIETRA DEL MARE”� “GRIGIO ARGENTO”� “GRIGIO ALPI”

BERICI HILLS GEOGRAPY

� 30 milion years ago� OLIGOCENE� CORLA BARRIER� LAGOON� SEDIMENTATION� 200 MT SEDIMENTATION

HEIGHT� CALCAREUS SEA WEED � BRYOZOA� BRACHIOPODA� “PIETRA DI VICENZA”� “BIANCO AVORIO”

BERICI HILLS GEOLOGY

� GEOLOGICAL SECTION� STRATIGRAFY SECTION� “PRIABONIANO”

� NATURAL SEDIMENTATION � CORAL BARRIER� CORAL BARRIER� VOLCANOS� TIDE CHANAL

� 6 million of years ago � EMERSION � EROSION� KARSTING

COLLI BERICI GEOGRAPY

SCOGLIERA A LUMIGNANO

COLLI BERICI GEOGRAPY

� “BERICI HILLS” AND “MOUNTAINS”

� MAX. HEIGT 445 M (1460 FT.)� UPLAND AND VALLEY:� “VAL LIONA”� “VAL DEL GAZZO”� “VAL DEL GAZZO”� “VALLE DEL CALTO”� “VALLE DI S.AGOSTINO”� LE PALU’� “SCARANTI”� DOLINE� FLAT LAND � FIMON LAKE

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY

� ROMANI� “CUSTOZZA”� “SENGIO”� “PRIARA”� “BOCCA DI CAVA”� “BOCCA DI CAVA”� “PICCHETTO”� “CANALE”� “PENDOLE”� “TIRADA”� “CANFIN”� “BINDA”

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY

� “sengio” : emerging rock wall of limestone

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY

� “picchetto” signs� “cunei” signs� “morali” signs

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY

� ADVANCEMENT� “MORALI”� “BACHETI”� “RUGULI”

Entrance : “BOCCA DI CAVA” in GRANCONA

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORYEXTRACTION OF THE BLOCKS

� Advancement in tunnels� Strongest stone left on site � Broken stone left on site � Irregular tunnels, small and jagged pillars� Signs of the “picchetto”

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORYTRANSPORTATION TO VALLEY� VERY STRONG WAGON � FROM 4 TO 16 COWS� WINCH� “LIZZATURA”� LOADING � LEVER , SUPPORTS� “BINDA” (JACK)

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORYTRANSPORTATION TO VALLEY

WAGON DRAWED BY COWS TRACK ON LIMESTONE STREET

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY USE OF LIMESTONE IN ANCIENT BUILDINGS

� PALLADIO: “QUATTRO LIBRI DELL’ARCHITETTURA”� SCAMOZZI: “L’IDEA DELL’ ARCHITETTURA UNIVERSALE”

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY OLD TRADE

� TORINO 1884� MONOGRAPHY ON

“VICENZA STONE”� NATURAL STONE OF � NATURAL STONE OF

VICENZA REGION � APPRECIATION OF

VICENZA STONE IN ITALIAN MARKET

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY OLD TRADE

QUARRYING IN THE HISTORY PERSON EMPLOYED

� AUTHOR: R. FABIANI

� YEAR: 1926� 50 QUARRY� NR. 334 � NR. 334

WORKERS

SMALL WORKSHOP

� FAMILY BUSINNES� HAND MADE

ELEMNENTS� BUCKSAW � BUSHHAMMER� RASP� GRAVER� GRAVER� SHELL AND

GOUGE BIT� SCALPEL� “PICCHETTI” HACK� COMPASS� DRILL� MALLET

FIRST MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� Machine for cutting the “bolognini” : small stone brick for buildings (for soft stone)

FIRST MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� FIRST BLADE CIRCULAR SAW FOR BLOCK CUTTING

� ELECTRIC WINCH TO DRAG STONE BLOCKS OUTSIDE OF THE QUARRY

FIRST MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� ELECTRIC WINCH TO DRAG STONE BLOCKS OUTSIDE OF THE QUARRY

� HAND WINCH TO LOAD BLCKS ON WAGONS

MODERN MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� “TALPA” CHAIN SAW ON STEEL COLUMNS

MODERN MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� Automatic moving chain saw by “Fantini”

MODERN MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� “Motosega” bench chain saw

MODERN MACHINE FOR QUARRYING

� “Motosega” bench chain saw� Cutting with the chain and

levelling of the stone front

MODERN QUARRY

MODERN QUARRY

� ELECTRICITY SUPPLY WITH SAFETY SYSTEM

� VENTILATION SYSTEM

MODERN QUARRY BLOCKS LOADING

� TRUCKS� MECHANICAL SHOVEL

MODERN QUARRY BLOCKS LOADING

MODERN QUARRY BLOCKS LOADING

QUARRY ADMINISTRATION

� DETAILED PROGECT OF THE QUARRYING PLAN

� GEOMECHANICAL PROJECT

� ADVANCEMENT � ADVANCEMENT PROJECT

� CUBIC METER AND SURFACE

� PROJECT FOR STABILITY

QUARRY REUSE

� CONSTANT UMIDITY� CONSTANT TEPERATURE� NO LIGHT

=> MUSHROOMS CULTIVATION

QUARRY REUSE

� “CONCERT” in Arcari Quarry, Zovencedo, year 2000

QUARRY REUSE

� PRIVATE PARTY , Acque Quarry, Grancona year 2002

� PRIVATE PARTY , Acque Quarry, Grancona year 2002

QUARRY REUSE

QUARRY REUSE FUTURE POSSIBILITY

� QUARRY “BOMBA” IN CINTO EUGANEO (PD)� “UNDERGROUND NEAPLES” � LESSINIA STONE “PIETRA DI PRUN” STONE

MUSEUMMUSEUM� SOUTH OF FRANCE , CONTEMPORARY ART

MUSEUM � OPEN QUARRY AS AGRICULTURAL FIELDS AND

PARK � CARRARA, “FANTISCRITTI” MARBLE MUSEUM � VERONA, WINE CELLAR AND WINE SHOP

BIBLIOGRAPHY

� A. Palladio, “Quattro libri dell’architettura” , Venezia 1570, Edizione anastatica Hoepli, Milano 1976

� V. Scamozzi, “ L’idea dell’architettura universale”, Venezia 1615, Arnolfo Forni, Bologna 1982.

� G. Dal Monte, “Monografia Litologica Vicentina” Tip. Longo, Vicenza , 1884.

� R. Fabiani, “Le risorse del sottosuolo della Provincia di Vicenza, Industria della Stampa, Vicenza, 1930.Industria della Stampa, Vicenza, 1930.

� E. Reato et al. “ Costozza” Territorio immagini e civiltà nella storia della Riviera Berica Superiore, Cassa Rurale di Costozza, Grafica Stocchero, Vicenza 1983.

� G. Segato, “Nantopietra” , Panda Edizioni, Ital graf , Noventa Padovana, 1988.

� AA.VV. “Il bacino estrattivo dei Colli Berici” a cura della Regione Veneto, Giunta Regionale, Venezia 1999.

� AA.VV. “ Colli Berici, Itinerari tra natura e cultura” Edizioni Papergraf , Piazzola sul Brenta, (PD) 2000.

� P. Cornale e P. Rosanò, “Le Pietre Tenere del Vicentino” Padova.