hirarc

ZAINORIN ALIMSc (Occupational Safety & Health

Management)

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control (HIRARC) Training

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Objective2. What is HIRARC?3. Purpose of HIRARC4. Process of HIRARC5. Hazard Identification6. Risk Assessment7. Risk Control8. Practical Workshop 9. Examination

1. Explore the elements of an effective hazard identification and control program.

2. Discuss the steps in the hazard identification and control process.

3. Be able to perform the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Form by their own with 3 simple steps to ensure a safe & healthy workplace.

OBJECTIVES:

1. Memastikan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerja di tempat kerja.

2. Melindungi keselamatan orang lain selain dari pekerja di tempat kerja tersebut.

3. Menggalakkan persekitaran yang sesuai (dari segi fisiologi dan psikologi)

4. Membolehkan penggantian secara berperingkat perundangan berkaitan dengan Peraturan dan Kod Amalan yang diluluskan

FALSAFAH“KEWAJIPAN BAGI MEMASTIKAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN DI TEMPAT KERJA TERLETAK PADA MEREKA YANG MEWUJUDKAN RISIKO DAN MEREKA YANG BEKERJA DENGAN RISIKO TERSEBUT”

1. Memberi perhatian terhadap keselamatan dan kesihatan sendiri dan orang lain

2. Bekerjasama dengan majikan atau orang lain di dalam perlaksanaan Akta ini

3. Memakai dan mengguna Kelengkapan Pelindung Diri (PPE)

4. Mematuhi arahan atau langkah keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan

PENALTI KEPADA PEKERJA:1. RM 1,000 atau2. 3 bulan penjara atau 3. kedua-duanya sekali

KEWAJIPAN AM AM PEKERJA (SEKSYEN 24, AKKP 1994)

1. Mengada dan menyenggara loji dan sistem kerja selamat

2. Membuat perkiraan untuk menjamin keselamatan dalam penggunaan, pengendalian, penanganan (handling), penyimpanan dan pengangkutan loji dan bahan

KEWAJIPAN AM MAJIKAN DAN ORANG YANG BEKERJA SENDIRI (SEKSYEN 15, AKKP 1994)

HIRARC

3. Mengadakan maklumat, arahan, latihan dan penyeliaan berkaitan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan

i. Maklumat

iii. Latihan iv. Penyeliaan

ii. Arahan

4. Memastikan laluan keluar dan masuk ke tempat kerja yang selamat

5. Menyediakan persekitaran kerja yang selamat dan sihat serta kemudahan kebajikan pekerja

PENALTI KEPADA MAJIKAN 1. RM 50,000 atau 2. 2 tahun penjara atau 3. kedua-duanya sekali

ContinualContinualimprovementimprovement

policy

Planning

Implementation

and operation

Checking and

corrective action

Management

review

OH&S Management System

HIRARC

ID Task Name Duration Start Finish

1 OHSAS 18001 Milestone 183 days Tue 12/1/09 Thu 8/12/10

2 OHSAS 18001 awareness 5 days Tue 12/1/09 Mon 12/7/09

3 Documentation Development 81 days Tue 12/8/09 Tue 3/30/10

4 HIRARC 21 days Tue 12/8/09 Tue 1/5/10

5 Legal Identification & Evaluation 21 days Tue 12/8/09 Tue 1/5/10

6 Common Documentation 21 days Tue 12/8/09 Tue 1/5/10

7 Review Session I 2 days Wed 1/6/10 Thu 1/7/10

8 Operational Control 21 days Fri 1/8/10 Fri 2/5/10

9 O&T and OSH MP 14 days Mon 2/8/10 Thu 2/25/10

10 ERP Manual 14 days Mon 2/8/10 Thu 2/25/10

11 Review Session II 2 days Fri 2/26/10 Mon 3/1/10

12 Documentation Review Before Implementation21 days Tue 3/2/10 Tue 3/30/10

13 OHSAS 18001 Implementation 90 days Wed 3/31/10 Tue 8/3/10

14 Environment-Related Training 3 days Wed 3/31/10 Fri 4/2/10

15 Legal Training 1 day Wed 3/31/10 Wed 3/31/10

16 Schedule Waste Training 1 day Thu 4/1/10 Thu 4/1/10

17 Internal Audit Training 1 day Fri 4/2/10 Fri 4/2/10

18 Actual Internal Audit 2 days Wed 8/4/10 Thu 8/5/10

19 Management Review 1 day Fri 8/6/10 Fri 8/6/10

20 SIRIM Audit 5 days Fri 8/6/10 Thu 8/12/10

21 Initial Audit 2 days Fri 8/6/10 Mon 8/9/10

22 Certification Audit 3 days Tue 8/10/10 Thu 8/12/10

11/15 12/20 1/24 2/28 4/4 5/9 6/13 7/18 8/22November 11 January 21 April 1 June 11 August 21

OHSAS 18001 MILESTONE CHART

TNB KUALA LUMPUR TOWARDS OHSAS 18001 CERTIFICATION

HIRARC

Near Misses

Property Damage

First Aid

Property Damage

3Lost Day

1Serious /

CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

UNSAFE ACTSUNSAFE

CONDITIONS• Substandard /

inadequate procedure

• Outdated procedure

• Design flaw

• “Unsafe” attitude / behavior such as negligence

• Not wearing proper protective equipment (PPE)

PERLAKUAN TIDAK SELAMAT : TIDAK MENGGUNAKAN KASUT KESELAMATAN

KEADAAN TIDAK SELAMAT : KAWASAN KERJA TIDAK KEMAS

BERAPAKAH PERLAKUAN TIDAK SELAMAT?

MITOS / TANGGAPAN FAKTA

i) MALANG TIDAK BERBAU i) KEMALANGAN BOLEH DIJANGKA

ii) KEMALANGAN ADALAH

DITAKDIRKAN

ii) KEMALANGAN BOLEH

DIELAKKAN

iii) ADA ORANG YANG SENTIASA

BERNASIB MALANG

iii) KESELAMATAN PEKERJA

PERLU DIURUS

iv) KESELAMATAN TIDAK PERLU

DITITIKBERATKAN

iv) BEKERJA SECARA SELAMAT

ADALAH WAJIB

v) TANGGAPAN UMUM BAHAWA

KEMALANGAN ITU PERKARA

BIASA (COMMON SENSE)

v) MENCEGAH ADALAH LEBIH

BAIK DARI MENGUBATI

MITOS DAN FAKTA MENGENAI KEMALANGAN

HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

Doc No.

Prepared by Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

Activities / Equipment/ Facilites

R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of ControlRecommended Control Measures

PIC (Due Date / Status)

Receive & treat patient

9.1 a) Exposure to known & unknown bacteria, fungal & viruses

9.1 a) Sick9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency & Proper PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Clearing medical waste

10 a) Contact with sharp object

10.1 a)Competency & Proper PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Using X-ray machine

11 a) Exposure to radioactive and radiation

11.1 a) Cancer 11.1 b) Fatality

11a) Competency & Proper PPE to be worn11b) Safe work distance, allowable exposure limit &

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

12Release Contamination / Hospital treated waste

R 12 a) Scheduled waste

12 a) Pollution to atmosphere, sanitary

sewer, ground water, fresh water, soil

12a) Competency & Proper PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities

Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC

Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC

Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control (HIRARC) Form

Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control

Published by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) 2008.

REFERENCE:

DIFINITION:

1. Hazard :

Source or situation with potential for harm in term of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace environment or a combination of these.

2. Hazard Identification :

Process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics

3. Risk :

Combination of likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event occurring

DIFINITION:

4. Risk Assessment :

Overall process of estimating the magnitude of Risk and deciding whether or not risk is tolerable

5. Tolerable Risk :

Risk that have been reduced to a level that can be accepted by the organization

• Eg. A tiger is a source Tiger attack is a hazard. Becoz has potential for harm

• A cage is the control.

• Therefore, a tiger in cage is less risk as compared to a tiger out of cage. Furthermore, a tiger in cage is less dangerous than a tiger out of cage since the hazard is already controlled.

Garang

Cedera

Gigi Tajam

Gigitan Penyakit

Kuku Tajam

Luka dicakar

KENAL PASTI HAZARD AKIBAT

JankitanPenyakit

Gerakan Liar

Orang awam / Trafikterganggu

Bau Busuk Pening

KENAL PASTI HAZARD AKIBAT

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

RISK ASSESSMENT

RISK CONTROL

Identify hazard source or situation

Estimate level of risk and determine tolerability

Reduce or eliminate risk

WHAT IS HIRARC?

Enable organization to identify, evaluate and control its OSH risk on an ongoing basis

To reduce accidents at workplaces

HIRARC to cover for all existing and new processes

Purpose of Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC):

1. Document review – policy, legal document, record of accident, NCR, audit result, O&M Manual.

2. Site Assessment – observation, interview

3. Brainstorming – discussion to identify hazard.

Process of HIRARC

CLASSIFY WORK ACTIVITIES

1. Handling patients, contaminated objects, body secretions, tissue or fluids 2. Using X-ray machine

3. Handling patients & moving objects

4. Dealing with angry and stressed patients and their families.

Working in Clinic

Category Examples

PHYSICAL noise, radiation, ventilation, heat stress, lighting, electrical

CHEMICAL pesticides, solvents and heavy metals

BIOLOGICAL dangerous creatures, virus, bacteria and parasite

ERGONOMIC human and machine interface, work position or work posture

PSYCHOSOCIAL work stress, employees interaction within organisation, long hours work, shift work

CATEGORIES OF HAZARDS

Example Hazards map : Grocery Store

SPOT THE HAZARD

Doc No.

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Using X-ray machine

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

No Activities / Equipment/

Faculties

Hazard Consequences

1 handling patients, contaminated objects, body secretions, tissue or fluids

R Infectious Diseases Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can be spread

2 Using X-ray machine R Exposure to radioactive and radiation

Cancer Fatality

3 Handling patients & moving objects R

Heavy lifting and frequent bending or twisting when moving objects or patients

Back injuries

4 Dealing with angry and stressed patients and their families. R

Health care workers are at risk from violence

Workplace violence can result in loss of sleep, fear or depression, post traumatic stress disorder

JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

•Human behaviour, unsafe acts

•Installation, layout and design of equipment

Machinery

•Substances such as chemicals and gases use in the workplace

Materials

•The way people carry out their work

Method

•Workplace condition i.e. air quality, ventilation, lighting, noise, vibration etc.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

Faculties

Hazard Consequences

Cancer Fatality

Back injuries

JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

Using X-ray machine

Exposure to radioactive and radiation

Cancer

Dealing w

ith angry and

stresse

d patients

and their

families.

Health care workers are at risk from

violence

Workplace violence can result

in loss of sleep, fear or

depression, post traumatic

stress disorder

Using toilet

Slippery floor

Trip & Fall

Doc No.

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Using X-ray machine

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

RISK ASSESSMENT

Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk LevelWash hands frequently (proper hand washing is the best way to prevent communicable diseases)

3 3 9 (M)

Competency & Proper PPE to be wornSafe work distance, allowable exposure limit 2 2 4 (L)

Use proper lifting technique 3 3 9 (M)Follow policies and intervention guidelines 3 3 9 (M)

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITYMost Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard /

event being realized Catastrophic (5) Numerous fatalities

Possible (4) Has a good change of occurring and is not unusual (1-5 years)

Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years)

Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC

Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs)

Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC

Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred

Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 : MEDIUM RISK

1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK ASSESSMENT

LIKELIHOOD

SEVERITY

Risk = Likelihood x Severity

RISK ASSESSMENT

3 3 9 (M)

1 - 4 : LOW RISK

Doc No.

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Using X-ray machine

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

RISK CONTROL

Type of Control Recommended Control Measures

Administrative Ensure availability of gloves and other protective equipment and cleansing agents

Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL

Administrative Train staff on proper lifting techniques

Mr. B (30/12/2012)

Administrative Train staff on diffusing situations and intervention procedures

Mr. C (30/12/2012)

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control (HIRARC)

Substitution

Administrative control

Engineering control

Isolation

Elimination

HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

RISK CONTROL

Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL

Mr. B (30/12/2012)

Mr. C (30/12/2012)

SUMMARY

Doc No.

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

Using X-ray machine

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

Faculties

Hazard Consequences

Cancer Fatality

Back injuries

JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic1

RISK ASSESSMENT

3 3 9 (M)

1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK CONTROL

Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL

Mr. B (30/12/2012)

Mr. C (30/12/2012)

Set a Process to review OHS Hazards & Risk

Output/ results can be used to review :

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

Training Materials

Internal Audit

Management Review/ Continuous Improvement

Justification for Budget allocations

SUMMARY

SEKIAN, TERIMA KASIH

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