high impact oer adoption

High Impact OER Adoption: Ambitions, Practical

Considerations, and Outcomes

David Wiley, PhD@opencontent

Unless otherwise notedthis presentation is licensed CC BY 4.0

“The World is Changed”

Galadriel

Analog Digital

Music, Phones, TV, Newspapers,Movies, Journals, &c.

Tethered Mobile

Phones, Internet Access,Employment

Concealing Sharing

Photos, Videos, Journal Entries

Isolated Connected

People, Content, Systems

Generic Personal

Cars, Computers, Mobile Phones

Consuming Creating

Newspapers / Blogs Movies & TV / YouTube

Closed Open

Research (Articles, Journals)Data (Government, Weather, GIS)

Content (Open Educational Resources)

Then vs NowAnalog Digital

Tethered MobileConcealing Sharing

Isolated ConnectedGeneric Personal

Consuming CreatingClosed Open

Education vs EverydayAnalog Digital

Tethered MobileConcealing Sharing

Isolated ConnectedGeneric Personal

Consuming CreatingClosed Open

“Daily Divide”

(As opposed to the digital divide)

“Academic”

(This is where the common usage derives)

“Academic”

(This is where the common usage derives)

What About Online Learning?

What About Online Learning?

Very innovative in 1993!

Online Learning

Analog or DigitalTethered or Mobile

Concealing or SharingIsolated or ConnectedGeneric or Personal

Consuming or CreatingClosed or Open

education

education =

education = sharing

sharing

what you know

sharing

feedback

sharing

encouragement

sharing

passion

sharing

yourself

“internet”

Handwriting Printing Press Internet

Copying a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Distributing a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

unprecedented capacity

sharing

education = sharing

unprecedented capacity

education

except, it doesn’t

©

CopyrightRegulates

Handwriting Printing Press Internet

Copying a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Distributing a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

InternetEnables

CopyrightForbids

Open Educational Resources

Which “open”?

open ≈ free

free is assumed online

open = free + permissions

Open

1. Free and unfettered access

2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions

• Make and own a copyRetain• Use in a wide range of waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribute

The 5Rs

retain is fundamental

retain is prerequisite

to revise and remix

• Make and own a copyRetain• Use in a wide range of waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribute

The 5Rs

Open

1. Free and unfettered access

2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions

“Faux-pen”

1. Free (possibly gated) access

2. All rights reserved (or stronger)

Cost to Students

Permissions to Faculty

and Students

Commercial Textbooks Expensive Restrictive

Websites and Library

ResourcesFree Restrictive

Open Educational Resources Free 5Rs

Open Educational Resources

1. Free and unfettered access

2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions

traditionally © materials+ internet

openly licensed materials+ internet

InternetEnables

OpenPermits

OER Adoption

Replacing whatever was previously in the “Required Materials” section of your syllabus with OER

High Impact OER Adoption

Adoption that:1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, and3. Does it at scale

High Impact OER Adoption

Adoption that:1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, and3. Does it at scale

Textbook Pricing in Context

One Month Access to… Costs…Netflix – 20k Movies / TV Episodes $7.99 / monthSpotify – 15M Songs $9.99 / month

CourseSmart – 1 Biology Textbook $19.67 / month

There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success

60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost

35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost

31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost

23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost

14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost

2012 Florida Virtual Campus student survey

Supporting faculty costs money

Many institutions use a $5 - $10 fee

High Impact OER Adoption

Adoption that:1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, and3. Does it at scale

A Multi-Institutional Study of the Impact of Open Textbook Adoption on the Learning Outcomes of Post-secondary Students

Fischer, Hilton, Robinson, and Wiley

Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)

Participants

• 4909 treatment• 11,818 control• 50 different undergraduate courses • 130 teachers• 10 institutions

Method

Quasi-experimental design with:• Propensity score matched groups• Dependent variables: Completion; C or Better;

Credits Enrolled This Term; Credits Enrolled Next Term

• Independent variable: Textbook condition• 3 covariates: age, gender, and race

Propensity Score Matching

Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)

Credits TakenSemester OER Users Others Result

Fall 13.29 11.14 t (8101) = 27.81 p < .01

Winter 10.71 9.16 F(1, 6440) = 154.08, p <.01

Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)

Improving Course Throughput Rates and Open Educational Resources: Results from the Z Degree Program at Tidewater Community College

Hilton, Fischer, Wiley, and Williams

Accepted International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning

Course Throughput Rate

IRRODL (in press)

Drop Deadline

WithdrawDeadline

FinalGrade

Students

Commercial vs OER

2.3% | 1.8%

9.9% | 8.1%

68% | 74%

(Face to Face)

60% | 66%

Drop

Withdraw

C or Better

CTRIRRODL (in press)

Commercial vs OER

4.0% | 1.4%

13.7% | 13.1%

66% | 70%

(Online)

54% | 60%

Drop

Withdraw

C or Better

CTRIRRODL (in press)

Mercy College: College Algebra Before and After OER + Emporium

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

64%

48%

69%

53%

74%

60%

77%FALL TERM SPRING TERM

YEAR# STUDENTS

2011697

2012695

2013640

2011486

2012513

2013457

2014418

No OER

All OER

All OER

Some OER

All OER

All OER

All OER

Passing rates up 60%

Adapted from Zsuzsa Komeni-Fejes

The Tidewater Z-Degree and the INTRO Model for Sustaining OER Adoption

Wiley, Hilton, Williams, and DeMarte

Educational Policy Analysis Archives (2016)

182 * .89 * $164.35 (in-state) * 3+ 182 * .11 * $358.95 (out-of-state) * 3

$101,042 INTRO annually

INcreased Tuition Revenue (Open)

Education Policy Analysis Archives (2016)

openedgroup.org/review

11 Peer Reviewed Studies

http://openedgroup.org/

48,623 Students

http://openedgroup.org/

93% Same or Better Outcomes

http://openedgroup.org/

9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality

http://openedgroup.org/

4,510 Professors and Students

http://openedgroup.org/

50%Same35%

Better

15%Worse

http://openedgroup.org/

impact.lumenlearning.com

Ok. But how?

1. Don’t stop at the swap

2. Use outcomes as outline

Outcome Assessment Resources License1. Students will understand statistical test…

60 second explainer video

URL 1Video 1

CC BYCC BY

2. Students will analyze data…

Govt data analysis

URL 1URL 2

CC BYCC BY SA

3. … … … …

Line ‘Em Up

3. Rethink your assessments

“What does open allow me to do?”

Online Learning

Analog or DigitalTethered or Mobile

Concealing or SharingIsolated or ConnectedGeneric or Personal

Consuming or CreatingClosed or Open

Online Learning

Analog or DigitalTethered or Mobile

Concealing or SharingIsolated or ConnectedGeneric or Personal

Consuming or CreatingClosed or Open

Connecting

It’s “hard” to connect to something ifyou don't have access to it

Personalizing

It’s “hard” to personalize somethingif you don't have permission to modify it

Creating and Sharing

It’s “hard” to make and share things when you’re constantly worried about being sued

When You Can Assume “Open”

These problems disappear

OER-based Learning

Analog or DigitalTethered or Mobile

Concealing or SharingIsolated or ConnectedGeneric or Personal

Consuming or CreatingClosed or Open

Disposable Assignments

Students hate doing themYou hate grading themHuge wasted opportunity

US undergraduates spend approximately 40 million hours

doing homework every year.

Renewable Assignments

Students see value in doing themYou see value in grading themThe work is valuable

Learning Objects Book

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsFU3sAlPx4

PM4ID

PM4ID

Renewable Assignments

Are enabled by the open nature of OER

High Impact OER Adoption

Adoption that:1. Improves affordability,2. Improves student success, and3. Does it at scale

OER-based Degree

When elective and required courses adopt OER so a student can graduate without ever being asked to buy a textbook

OER-based Degrees

OER-based Degrees

OER GenEd Pathway?

No four year institution has made a significant commitment to OER. How about an OER-based pathway through GE requirements?

VCCS Zx23`

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OER Office Hours

http://lumenlearning.com/office-hours/

High Impact OER Adoption Can…

1. Improve affordability2. Improve student success3. At scale

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More Discussion!

@opencontentdavid@lumenlearning.com