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APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FORAPPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FORHAZARDOUS WASTE DESTRUCTION
WITH WASTE TO ENERGY
BY
WITH WASTE TO ENERGY
BY
MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITEDMAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED
P‐56, MIDC Ranjangaon, Tal ‐ Shirur, Dist ‐ Pune ‐ 412 220, Maharashtra, India.
Tel : +91‐2138‐670352
Website : www.smsmepl.comp
APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGYAT SMSIL MEPL PUNEAT SMSIL, MEPL, PUNE
72 MT / Day Capacity Plant
WHAT IS PLASMA?
“Fourth State” of matter
Plasma is an ionized gas which Plasma is an ionized gas which
at very high temperature is
capable of conducting electricalcapable of conducting electrical
current
Lightning is an example from
nature
WHAT IS PLASMA?
PLASMA TORCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASMA ARC TECHNOLOGY Generates “Ionized Gas” which conducts electricity.
C l i l i h l Converts electrical energy into thermal energy.
Heat from Plasma Torches dissociates waste molecules .
Temperature at the tip of Plasma plume is about 5000 °C
Waste destruction in oxygen starved atmosphere resulting in conditionsnon-favorable for formation of dioxin and furan.
Easy to vary torch power ranging from 150 to 300 KWH
Torch operates with most gases Torch operates with most gases- Air most common
A ifi ti A gasification process- Not an incineration process
WHAT IS GASIFICATION? COAL/MSW CARBON CO/H2/CH4
(Solids) (Gases)
Major Gasification Reactions:
Carbon-Steam C + H2O = CO + H2 endothermic
Partial Combustion C + O2 = 2CO exothermic Partial Combustion C + O2 2CO exothermic
Combustion C + O2 = CO2 exothermic
Water-gas shift CO + H2O = CO2 + H2 exothermic
B d d C CO 2CO d h i Boudouard C + CO2 = 2CO endothermic
Hydrogasification C + 2H2 = CH4 exothermic
MEPL PLANT PROCESS OVERVIEW
Syn gas
OVERVIEW
Waste
y gUseful Fuel Plasma Reactor
PGVRAT MEPL
Feed SystemSolid / Liquid
Plasma Torch
Electrical EnergyAir (Plasma Gas)Air (Plasma Gas) Slag
PLASMA GASIFICATION ADVANTAGESWide range of hazardous wastes can be gasified - Solids, Liquids,
Semi- solid, Sludge's, Residues, Slurries.Semi solid, Sludge s, Residues, Slurries.
HW is completely destroyed and broken down into its basiccomponents.p
No tars, dioxin and furan formation. Meets European Standards of<0.1 ng TEQ/nm3.g
Produces lower volume of green house gas.
Generates less than 90 % residues than incineration.
Inorganics - Silica, soil, concrete, glass, gravel are vitrified into nonh d Slhazardous Slag.
No ash generation. No secondary solid waste.
Generation of syngas for conversion to green power.
SEQUENTIAL OPERATION OF MEPL PGVR PLANTOF MEPL PGVR PLANT
SIMPLE PROCESS OPERATION
Hazardous waste Feed materialenters into reactor inlet and falls by
itgravity.
Coke bed at bottom of reactor tomaintain temperature porosity &maintain temperature, porosity &for free flowing of slag.
Outlet for hot syngas Outlet for hot syngas.
Removal of slag at bottom ofreactorreactor.
PLASMA REACTOR
Auto feed system
Four nos of Westinghouse Four nos. of WestinghousePlasma Corporation suppliedtorches
Operating temp 1000 -1200 °C
Gas analyser for CO O2 Gas analyser for CO, O2
Reactor is lined with specializedrefractory to withstand highy gtemperature & toxic gases
THERMAL OXIDIZER
Hot gas from plasma reactor entersg pinto Thermal Oxidizer
Organic constituents are destructed
Air supply by Air Blowers
Carbon monoxide is converted intocarbon dioxide
G t t i 1100 1200 °C Gas temperature is 1100 -1200 °C
Oil fired burner
Online gas analyser
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
W H R S
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
Hot gases (1100-1200 °C) from
WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM
Hot gases (1100 1200 C) fromThermal Oxidizer are passed throughWHRB to generate steam
Steam is used to run turbine for powergenerationg
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMAIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
VENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACTVENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACTSCRUBBER
H f Th l O idi 300 400 0C Hot gases from Thermal Oxidizer at 300-400 0C
enter into the ventury scrubber.
C li f t 850C Cooling of gases to 850C
Alkaline solution is present in the DC to
maintain the pH Dense particles above 5maintain the pH. Dense particles above 5
micron are removed in the Direct Contact
ScrubberScrubber.
Absorption of SO2/HCL
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
WET ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
The Wet Tubular Electrostatic
Precipitator uses a multi-stage action to
collect fine particles.
Less than 4-5 micron particles size are
removed.
It has a caustic solution.
Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to
polishing scrubber.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM
PO S G SCPOLISHING SCRUBBER
Polishing scrubber has a compact
bed with circulation of dilute NaOH
liquor.q
Scrubbing of remaining gases.
Cooling of gases below 50 0C. Cooling of gases below 50 C.
The clean gases are diverted to ID
FanFan.
ID FAN / STACK
ID FAN
29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity 29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity
of each ID fan.
H l i k i h E i S Helps in keeping the Entire System
under -ve pressure.
Conveying the gases to the Stack.
STACK
Rubber lined stack 45 MT height.
Sampling point
Online monitoring system for CO, SO2,
NOX, HCL & SPM.
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
POWER PLANT
Turbine Generator
PROCESS CONTROL & MONITORING THROUGHSCADA
OPERATIONAL SAFETY AND INTERLOCKS
Plant operates under negative pressure. Reactor negative pressure is controlledthrough ID fan speed controlthrough ID fan speed control.
Safety valve venting in case of pressure built up
ID Fan, Scrubber Pump, Waste Feed System and Plant instrumentation are provided with emergency power supply for corrective actions during power failure.
Dedicated Nitrogen Plant with storage tank is provided for emergency dumping ofnitrogen into plasma reactor.
Complete Plant operation is controlled and monitored from centralized control roomusing P LC based control system.
Exhaustive plant instrumentation and interlocks are provided to ensure that plantcomes to safe mode in all eventuality.
PLASMA GASIFICATION UNIT AT RANJANGAON PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCERANJANGAON, PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE
2008
THANK YOU !!
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