APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FORAPPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FORHAZARDOUS WASTE DESTRUCTION

WITH WASTE TO ENERGY

BY

WITH WASTE TO ENERGY

BY

MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITEDMAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED

P‐56, MIDC Ranjangaon, Tal ‐ Shirur, Dist ‐ Pune ‐ 412 220, Maharashtra, India.

Tel : +91‐2138‐670352

Website : www.smsmepl.comp

APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGYAT SMSIL MEPL PUNEAT SMSIL, MEPL, PUNE

72 MT / Day Capacity Plant

WHAT IS PLASMA?

“Fourth State” of matter

Plasma is an ionized gas which Plasma is an ionized gas which

at very high temperature is

capable of conducting electricalcapable of conducting electrical

current

Lightning is an example from

nature

WHAT IS PLASMA?

PLASMA TORCH

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASMA ARC TECHNOLOGY Generates “Ionized Gas” which conducts electricity.

C l i l i h l Converts electrical energy into thermal energy.

Heat from Plasma Torches dissociates waste molecules .

Temperature at the tip of Plasma plume is about 5000 °C

Waste destruction in oxygen starved atmosphere resulting in conditionsnon-favorable for formation of dioxin and furan.

Easy to vary torch power ranging from 150 to 300 KWH

Torch operates with most gases Torch operates with most gases- Air most common

A ifi ti A gasification process- Not an incineration process

WHAT IS GASIFICATION? COAL/MSW CARBON CO/H2/CH4

(Solids) (Gases)

Major Gasification Reactions:

Carbon-Steam C + H2O = CO + H2 endothermic

Partial Combustion C + O2 = 2CO exothermic Partial Combustion C + O2 2CO exothermic

Combustion C + O2 = CO2 exothermic

Water-gas shift CO + H2O = CO2 + H2 exothermic

B d d C CO 2CO d h i Boudouard C + CO2 = 2CO endothermic

Hydrogasification C + 2H2 = CH4 exothermic

MEPL PLANT PROCESS OVERVIEW

Syn gas

OVERVIEW

Waste

y gUseful Fuel Plasma Reactor

PGVRAT MEPL

Feed SystemSolid / Liquid

Plasma Torch

Electrical EnergyAir (Plasma Gas)Air (Plasma Gas) Slag

PLASMA GASIFICATION ADVANTAGESWide range of hazardous wastes can be gasified - Solids, Liquids,

Semi- solid, Sludge's, Residues, Slurries.Semi solid, Sludge s, Residues, Slurries.

HW is completely destroyed and broken down into its basiccomponents.p

No tars, dioxin and furan formation. Meets European Standards of<0.1 ng TEQ/nm3.g

Produces lower volume of green house gas.

Generates less than 90 % residues than incineration.

Inorganics - Silica, soil, concrete, glass, gravel are vitrified into nonh d Slhazardous Slag.

No ash generation. No secondary solid waste.

Generation of syngas for conversion to green power.

SEQUENTIAL OPERATION OF MEPL PGVR PLANTOF MEPL PGVR PLANT 

SIMPLE PROCESS OPERATION

Hazardous waste Feed materialenters into reactor inlet and falls by

itgravity.

Coke bed at bottom of reactor tomaintain temperature porosity &maintain temperature, porosity &for free flowing of slag.

Outlet for hot syngas Outlet for hot syngas.

Removal of slag at bottom ofreactorreactor.

PLASMA REACTOR

Auto feed system

Four nos of Westinghouse Four nos. of WestinghousePlasma Corporation suppliedtorches

Operating temp 1000 -1200 °C

Gas analyser for CO O2 Gas analyser for CO, O2

Reactor is lined with specializedrefractory to withstand highy gtemperature & toxic gases

THERMAL OXIDIZER

Hot gas from plasma reactor entersg pinto Thermal Oxidizer

Organic constituents are destructed

Air supply by Air Blowers

Carbon monoxide is converted intocarbon dioxide

G t t i 1100 1200 °C Gas temperature is 1100 -1200 °C

Oil fired burner

Online gas analyser

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

W H R S

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

Hot gases (1100-1200 °C) from

WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

Hot gases (1100 1200 C) fromThermal Oxidizer are passed throughWHRB to generate steam

Steam is used to run turbine for powergenerationg

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMAIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

VENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACTVENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACTSCRUBBER

H f Th l O idi 300 400 0C Hot gases from Thermal Oxidizer at 300-400 0C

enter into the ventury scrubber.

C li f t 850C Cooling of gases to 850C

Alkaline solution is present in the DC to

maintain the pH Dense particles above 5maintain the pH. Dense particles above 5

micron are removed in the Direct Contact

ScrubberScrubber.

Absorption of SO2/HCL

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

WET ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

The Wet Tubular Electrostatic

Precipitator uses a multi-stage action to

collect fine particles.

Less than 4-5 micron particles size are

removed.

It has a caustic solution.

Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to

polishing scrubber.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

PO S G SCPOLISHING SCRUBBER

Polishing scrubber has a compact

bed with circulation of dilute NaOH

liquor.q

Scrubbing of remaining gases.

Cooling of gases below 50 0C. Cooling of gases below 50 C.

The clean gases are diverted to ID

FanFan.

ID FAN / STACK

ID FAN

29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity 29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity

of each ID fan.

H l i k i h E i S Helps in keeping the Entire System

under -ve pressure.

Conveying the gases to the Stack.

STACK

Rubber lined stack 45 MT height.

Sampling point

Online monitoring system for CO, SO2,

NOX, HCL & SPM.

EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS

POWER PLANT

Turbine Generator

PROCESS CONTROL & MONITORING THROUGHSCADA

OPERATIONAL SAFETY AND INTERLOCKS

Plant operates under negative pressure. Reactor negative pressure is controlledthrough ID fan speed controlthrough ID fan speed control.

Safety valve venting in case of pressure built up

ID Fan, Scrubber Pump, Waste Feed System and Plant instrumentation are provided with emergency power supply for corrective actions during power failure.

Dedicated Nitrogen Plant with storage tank is provided for emergency dumping ofnitrogen into plasma reactor.

Complete Plant operation is controlled and monitored from centralized control roomusing P LC based control system.

Exhaustive plant instrumentation and interlocks are provided to ensure that plantcomes to safe mode in all eventuality.

PLASMA GASIFICATION UNIT AT RANJANGAON PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCERANJANGAON, PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE 

2008

THANK YOU !!