hardware hacking on the pi; what's js got to do with it

HARDWARE HACKING AND THE RASPBERRY PI; WHAT'S JAVASCRIPT GOT TO DO WITH IT?

ALEX ROCHE@alexHacked

HARDWARE HACKING; WAT?

• We take electronics and bend them to our will

• Can use any component, as long as it can be soldered

• A variety of levels of difficulty and accessibility

HARDWARE HACKING; WHY?

• Prototyping concepts and systems

• Replacing older tech that has failed

• Making something cool

HARDWARE HACKING; HOW?

• A basic knowledge of electronics is definitely helpful

• Skills such as soldering and stripping wires

• GPIO pins; GPIO pins everywhere!

• No 'correct' or 'right' way

• Be safe and have respect for electricity

HARDWARE HACKING; WHEN?

• Creating projects to react solely to electricity

• Using timing chips, resistors and circuit boards

• Programmable micro controllers

• Programmable micro-controllers

• Micro-controllers on an integrated platform

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• A lot of options for a lot of different skill levels

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• Little Bits

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

• Arduino

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

• Arduino

• Raspberry Pi

LITTLE BITS

• Individual, pre-formed components

LITTLE BITS

• Held together with magnets

LITTLE BITS

• Held together with magnets

• Different colours to help design a circuit

LITTLE BITS; A BIT USEFUL?

• Extremely Modular

• Incredibly Hands On

• Makes exploring hardware simple and fun

• Best for proof of concepts and toying with new ideas

MAKEYMAKEY

• Plug and Play with your computer

MAKEYMAKEY

• Acts as a Keyboard

MAKEYMAKEY

• Acts as a Keyboard

• Plug and clip wires in to the board to complete a circuit

MAKEYMAKEY; MAKES THINGS COOL?

• Binary Input

• Easy way to hack together basic interaction

• Binary Input

• Easy way to hack together basic interaction

• Key Events can be used to detect interaction

ARDUINO

• Microcontroller on a circuitboard

ARDUINO

• GPIO pins

ARDUINO

• GPIO pins

• Programmable over USB

ARDUINO

• GPIO pins

• Programmable over USB

• Can run Javascript and NodeJS

ARDUINO; OPEN SOURCE MEANS OPEN OPTIONS

• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega

• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega

• Arduino Lilypad

• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega

• Arduino Lilypad

• Open Source; can be reproduced by anybody with the right components

ARDUINO; HOW TO CODE

• IDE based on translating simple code to C++

• BreakoutJS; Javascript and Web Browser interactivity

• Johnny Five; Node based framework

RASPBERRY PI; TASTY!

• A computer (and then some)

• GPIO pins

• Has all the hardware needed for a computer onboard

• GPIO pins

• Runs a boatload of operating systems

• GPIO pins

• Runs a boatload of operating systems

• GPIO pins are easily addressable

RASPBERRY PI; CHOICES!

• Two Different Types

• Model A

• Model B

RASPBERRY PI; MODEL A

• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• Audio & RCA video output

• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• HDMI output

• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• HDMI output

• 26 GPIO pins

• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• HDMI output

• 26 GPIO pins

• Runs Minecraft!

RASPBERRY PI; MODEL B

• 2 USB Connectors

• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack

• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack

• 34 GPIO pins

• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack

• 34 GPIO pins

• Additional 8 are mostly unused; supply power and ground

RASPBERRY PI; GPIO MAPPING

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• More Processing Power

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• Onboard Storage

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• Onboard Storage

• Freedom of Language Choice

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• Onboard Storage

• Easily configured Internet Access

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• Onboard Storage

• Easily configured Internet Access

• Runs any code you write for it on the board instead of tethered to a computer

RASPBERRY PI; WHY NOT?

• Less battery life than an Arduino

• Can be cumbersome to set up and program

• Doesn’t have as much of a support for shields

SHIELDS?

• Pre created circuit boards that extend functionality

SHIELDS?

• Can use multiple shields at once ...

SHIELDS?

• Can use multiple shields at once ...

• ... though like using multiple of anything at once, take care.

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

• A familiar flavour of Javascript; people already know it!

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

• Non Blocking I/O

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

• Event Driven using callbacks

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

• Event Driven using callbacks

• Operating System Agnostic (mostly)

NODE; WHY IS IT COOL?

• Incorporates Google’s V8 Engine for speed

• Has some really fun functions

• Crypto, OS, FS

• Has a massive amount of external libraries to augment it

• Crypto, OS, FS

• Has a massive amount of external libraries to augment it

• A server side language front end developers can write!

NODE; HOW TO INSTALL? LINUX

> wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v.0.8.11/node-v0.8.11.tar.gz > tar -zxf node-v0.8.11.tar.gz > cd node-v0.8.11 > ./configure > make > sudo make install

NODE; HOW TO INSTALL? MAC & WINDOWS

• Much more simple and straightforward than Linux

• Go get the installer from nodejs.org/download/

• No, really. Download it from there and install it. Job done.

NODE; HOW TO USE?

• Write JavaScript!

NODE; HOW TO USE?

• Watch out for the PHP-esque require(“”); though!

NODE; HOW TO USE?

• Watch out for the PHP-esque require(“”); though!

• Make use of the inbuilt libraries in NodeJS

NPM; NOT PROBLEMATIC, MOSTLY

• Nodes inbuilt library management tool

• Has its own website listing all of the modules

• Makes it incredibly easy to install modules

NPM; HOW TO USE

• It all starts with npm

NPM; HOW TO USE

• Different Keywords; https://npmjs.org/docs

NPM; HOW TO USE

• Most useful are install and update

NPM; HOW TO USE

• Most useful are install and update

•npm install || npm update

NPM; INSTALLING A MODULE

• Find the package you want to install on the npm site

• Run npm install gpio to install the package

•-g flag installs globally instead of locally for command line use

•require(“gpio”); in your project

• npm packages need to be installed in each project’s folder you intend to use them in

BAKING A RASPBERRY PI

BAKING A PI

• We have a lot of choices for the operating system

BAKING A PI

• Linux

BAKING A PI

• Linux

• RISC

BAKING A PI

• Linux

• RISC

• Android

BAKING A PI

• Linux

• RISC

• Android

• FirefoxOS

COOKING THE FILLING

• ç

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• RPI sd card builder, PiWriter, Pi Filler

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• Linux

• ImageWriter

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• Linux

• ImageWriter

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• Linux

• ImageWriter

CUTTING IN TO THE PI

• First off, we install Adafruit’s Occidentalis distribution

• We SSH in to the Raspberry Pi

• We connect it to a monitor with keyboard and mouse

CUTTING IN TO THE PI; SSH

• Power it up!

• Plug an Ethernet cable in to your Pi and your Router

• Power it up!

• Run ssh raspberrypi.local on your computer to get to the Pi

• Power it up!

• Run ssh raspberrypi.local on your computer to get to the Pi

• Alternatively log in to your router and get the IP of the Pi from there; ssh pi@<ip_of_pi> . Use the password “raspberry”

WIRED IS BORING, RIGHT?!

LETS GO WIRELESS!

CUTTING THE PI LOOSE

• Run sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

• Delete the contents of the file

• <- Replace it with this

> auto lo > iface lo inet loopback > iface eth0 inet dhcp > allow-hotplug wlan0 > auto wlan0 > iface wlan0 inet dhcp > wpa-ssid "ssid" > wpa-psk "password"

• <- Replace it with this

• Replace SSID and PASSWORD

> auto lo > iface lo inet loopback > iface eth0 inet dhcp > allow-hotplug wlan0 > auto wlan0 > iface wlan0 inet dhcp > wpa-ssid "ssid" > wpa-psk "password"

BLOWING RASPBERRIES

API; https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

Manual Setting and Getting

BLOWING RASPBERRIES

Johnny-Five

API; https://github.com/rwaldron/johnny-five/wiki

Function Based System for Arduino

API; https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

Manual Setting and Getting for Raspberry Pi

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING UP A CONTEXT

GPIO > var gpio = require("gpio"); > >/* Calling export with a pin >number will export that header >and return a gpio header >instance*/ > > var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: 'out', > interval: 200, > ready: function() { > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING UP A CONTEXT

Johnny-Five > var five = require("johnny- five"), board, led; > > board = new five.Board(); > >board.on("ready", function() { });

GPIO > var gpio = require("gpio"); > >/* Calling export with a pin >number will export that header >and return a gpio header >instance*/ > > var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: 'out', > interval: 200, > ready: function() { > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; MAKING A LIGHT BLINK

GPIO >Var strobeTimer = setInterval(function() { > gpio4.set(); > setTimeout( > function(){ > gpio4.reset(); > }, 200); > }, 400); >/*Can also pass a number in to >the >set function.*/

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; MAKING A LIGHT BLINK

Johnny-Five > /* Create a standard `led` >hardware instance*/ > Var led = new five.Led(13); > > /* "strobe" the led in 100ms >on-off phases*/ > led.strobe( 100 );

GPIO >Var strobeTimer = setInterval(function() { > gpio4.set(); > setTimeout( > function(){ > gpio4.reset(); > }, 200); > }, 400); >/*Can also pass a number in to >the >set function.*/

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; GETTING VALUES

GPIO >var gpio = require("gpio"); >var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: "in", > ready: function() { > Console.log(gpio4.value > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; GETTING VALUES

Johnny-Five >new five.Pin(13).query( >function(state) { > console.log(state); >});

GPIO >var gpio = require("gpio"); >var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: "in", > ready: function() { > Console.log(gpio4.value > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING VALUES

GPIO > gpio4.set(function() >{ console.log(gpio4.value); >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING VALUES

Johnny-Five Nothing explicit; is accomplished by passing values straight in to the functions

GPIO > gpio4.set(function() >{ console.log(gpio4.value); >});

FINAL HINTS AND TIPS

• Once connected so you can SSH in to it, use a file transfer client

• Helpful if the GPIO pins are labeled using the paper overlay for the PI

• Get a ribbon cord for the Pi; will make your life easier.

HE’S STILL NOT FINISHED?

• Not everything has to be written in NodeJS

• Is, however, an accessible starting point for front end developers

• Projects don’t need to be in the same language

• Important that what you’ve written works

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?

• Don’t be afraid; there’s always help at hand!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?

• Don’t expect to not learn anything during the project!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?

• Have fun with your project!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?

• Have fun with your project!

• Be Careful!

THANK YOU!

RESOURCES

• Node; nodejs.org/downloads/

• NPM; npmjs.org

• NodeSchool; nodeschool.io

• Adafruit Industries; http://learn.adafruit.com/category/learn-raspberry-pi

• RS-Components; uk.rs-online.com

• Farnell; uk.farnell.com

hardware hacking on the pi; what's js got to do with it

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