hardware hacking on the pi; what's js got to do with it

HARDWARE HACKING AND THE RASPBERRY PI; WHAT'S JAVASCRIPT GOT TO DO WITH IT?

ALEX ROCHE@alexHacked

HARDWARE HACKING; WAT?


• We take electronics and bend them to our will



• Can use any component, as long as it can be soldered



• Can use any component, as long as it can be soldered

• A variety of levels of difficulty and accessibility

HARDWARE HACKING; WHY?


• Prototyping concepts and systems



• Replacing older tech that has failed



• Replacing older tech that has failed

• Making something cool

HARDWARE HACKING; HOW?


• A basic knowledge of electronics is definitely helpful



• Skills such as soldering and stripping wires




• GPIO pins; GPIO pins everywhere!





• No 'correct' or 'right' way





• No 'correct' or 'right' way

• Be safe and have respect for electricity

HARDWARE HACKING; WHEN?


• Creating projects to react solely to electricity



• Using timing chips, resistors and circuit boards




• Programmable micro controllers




• Programmable micro-controllers

• Micro-controllers on an integrated platform

ALL THE OPTIONS!

• A lot of options for a lot of different skill levels

ALL THE OPTIONS!


• Little Bits

ALL THE OPTIONS!


• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

ALL THE OPTIONS!


• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

• Arduino

ALL THE OPTIONS!


• Little Bits

• Makey Makey

• Arduino

• Raspberry Pi

LITTLE BITS

LITTLE BITS

• Individual, pre-formed components

LITTLE BITS


• Held together with magnets

LITTLE BITS


• Held together with magnets

• Different colours to help design a circuit

LITTLE BITS; A BIT USEFUL?


• Extremely Modular



• Incredibly Hands On




• Makes exploring hardware simple and fun




• Makes exploring hardware simple and fun

• Best for proof of concepts and toying with new ideas

MAKEYMAKEY

MAKEYMAKEY

• Plug and Play with your computer

MAKEYMAKEY


• Acts as a Keyboard

MAKEYMAKEY


• Acts as a Keyboard

• Plug and clip wires in to the board to complete a circuit

MAKEYMAKEY; MAKES THINGS COOL?


• Binary Input


• Binary Input

• Easy way to hack together basic interaction


• Binary Input

• Easy way to hack together basic interaction

• Key Events can be used to detect interaction

ARDUINO

ARDUINO

• Microcontroller on a circuitboard

ARDUINO


• GPIO pins

ARDUINO


• GPIO pins

• Programmable over USB

ARDUINO


• GPIO pins

• Programmable over USB

• Can run Javascript and NodeJS

ARDUINO; OPEN SOURCE MEANS OPEN OPTIONS


• Arduino UNO


• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega


• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega

• Arduino Lilypad


• Arduino UNO

• Arduino Mega

• Arduino Lilypad

• Open Source; can be reproduced by anybody with the right components

ARDUINO; HOW TO CODE


• IDE based on translating simple code to C++



• BreakoutJS; Javascript and Web Browser interactivity



• BreakoutJS; Javascript and Web Browser interactivity

• Johnny Five; Node based framework

RASPBERRY PI; TASTY!


• A computer (and then some)



• GPIO pins



• GPIO pins

• Has all the hardware needed for a computer onboard



• GPIO pins


• Runs a boatload of operating systems



• GPIO pins


• Runs a boatload of operating systems

• GPIO pins are easily addressable

RASPBERRY PI; CHOICES!


• Two Different Types



• Model A



• Model A

• Model B

RASPBERRY PI; MODEL A


• Single USB


• Single USB

• 256MB RAM


• Single USB

• 256MB RAM

• Audio & RCA video output


• Single USB

• 256MB RAM


• HDMI output


• Single USB

• 256MB RAM


• HDMI output

• 26 GPIO pins


• Single USB

• 256MB RAM


• HDMI output

• 26 GPIO pins

• Runs Minecraft!

RASPBERRY PI; MODEL B


• 2 USB Connectors



• 512MB RAM



• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack



• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack

• 34 GPIO pins



• 512MB RAM

• Ethernet Jack

• 34 GPIO pins

• Additional 8 are mostly unused; supply power and ground

RASPBERRY PI; GPIO MAPPING

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?

• More Processing Power

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?


• Onboard Storage

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?


• Onboard Storage

• Freedom of Language Choice

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?


• Onboard Storage


• Easily configured Internet Access

RASPBERRY PI; WHY?


• Onboard Storage


• Easily configured Internet Access

• Runs any code you write for it on the board instead of tethered to a computer

RASPBERRY PI; WHY NOT?

• Less battery life than an Arduino



• Can be cumbersome to set up and program



• Can be cumbersome to set up and program

• Doesn’t have as much of a support for shields

SHIELDS?

SHIELDS?

• Pre created circuit boards that extend functionality

SHIELDS?


• Can use multiple shields at once ...

SHIELDS?


• Can use multiple shields at once ...

• ... though like using multiple of anything at once, take care.

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

NODE; WHAT IS IT?

• A familiar flavour of Javascript; people already know it!

NODE; WHAT IS IT?


• Non Blocking I/O

NODE; WHAT IS IT?



• Event Driven using callbacks

NODE; WHAT IS IT?



• Event Driven using callbacks

• Operating System Agnostic (mostly)

NODE; WHY IS IT COOL?


• Incorporates Google’s V8 Engine for speed



• Has some really fun functions




• Crypto, OS, FS




• Crypto, OS, FS

• Has a massive amount of external libraries to augment it




• Crypto, OS, FS

• Has a massive amount of external libraries to augment it

• A server side language front end developers can write!

NODE; HOW TO INSTALL? LINUX

NODE; HOW TO INSTALL? LINUX

> wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v.0.8.11/node-v0.8.11.tar.gz > tar -zxf node-v0.8.11.tar.gz > cd node-v0.8.11 > ./configure > make > sudo make install

http://nodejs.org/dist/v.0.8.11/node-v0.8.11.tar.gz

http://nodejs.org/dist/v.0.8.11/node-v0.8.11.tar.gz

NODE; HOW TO INSTALL? MAC & WINDOWS


• Much more simple and straightforward than Linux



• Go get the installer from nodejs.org/download/



• Go get the installer from nodejs.org/download/

• No, really. Download it from there and install it. Job done.

NODE; HOW TO USE?

NODE; HOW TO USE?

• Write JavaScript!

NODE; HOW TO USE?


• Watch out for the PHP-esque require(“”); though!

NODE; HOW TO USE?


• Watch out for the PHP-esque require(“”); though!

• Make use of the inbuilt libraries in NodeJS

NPM; NOT PROBLEMATIC, MOSTLY


• Nodes inbuilt library management tool



• Has its own website listing all of the modules



• Has its own website listing all of the modules

• Makes it incredibly easy to install modules

NPM; HOW TO USE

NPM; HOW TO USE

• It all starts with npm

NPM; HOW TO USE


• Different Keywords; https://npmjs.org/docs

https://npmjs.org/docs


NPM; HOW TO USE



• Most useful are install and update



NPM; HOW TO USE



• Most useful are install and update

•npm install || npm update



NPM; INSTALLING A MODULE


• Find the package you want to install on the npm site



• Run npm install gpio to install the package




•-g flag installs globally instead of locally for command line use





•require(“gpio”); in your project





•require(“gpio”); in your project

• npm packages need to be installed in each project’s folder you intend to use them in

BAKING A RASPBERRY PI

BAKING A PI

• We have a lot of choices for the operating system

BAKING A PI


• Linux

BAKING A PI


• Linux

• RISC

BAKING A PI


• Linux

• RISC

• Android

BAKING A PI


• Linux

• RISC

• Android

• FirefoxOS

COOKING THE FILLING

• ç

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• RPI sd card builder, PiWriter, Pi Filler

COOKING THE FILLING

• Windows

• Win32DiskImager

• Mac

• RPI sd card builder, PiWriter, Pi Filler

• Linux

• ImageWriter

CUTTING IN TO THE PI


• First off, we install Adafruit’s Occidentalis distribution



• We SSH in to the Raspberry Pi



• We SSH in to the Raspberry Pi

• We connect it to a monitor with keyboard and mouse

CUTTING IN TO THE PI; SSH


• Power it up!


• Power it up!

• Plug an Ethernet cable in to your Pi and your Router


• Power it up!


• Run ssh raspberrypi.local on your computer to get to the Pi


• Power it up!


• Run ssh raspberrypi.local on your computer to get to the Pi

• Alternatively log in to your router and get the IP of the Pi from there; ssh pi@<ip_of_pi> . Use the password “raspberry”

WIRED IS BORING, RIGHT?!

LETS GO WIRELESS!

CUTTING THE PI LOOSE


• Run sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces



• Delete the contents of the file




• <- Replace it with this

> auto lo > iface lo inet loopback > iface eth0 inet dhcp > allow-hotplug wlan0 > auto wlan0 > iface wlan0 inet dhcp > wpa-ssid "ssid" > wpa-psk "password"




• <- Replace it with this

• Replace SSID and PASSWORD

> auto lo > iface lo inet loopback > iface eth0 inet dhcp > allow-hotplug wlan0 > auto wlan0 > iface wlan0 inet dhcp > wpa-ssid "ssid" > wpa-psk "password"

BLOWING RASPBERRIES

BLOWING RASPBERRIES

GPIO

API; https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

Manual Setting and Getting

BLOWING RASPBERRIES

Johnny-Five

API; https://github.com/rwaldron/johnny-five/wiki

Function Based System for Arduino

GPIO

API; https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

Manual Setting and Getting for Raspberry Pi

https://github.com/rwaldron/johnny-five/wiki

https://github.com/rwaldron/johnny-five/wiki

https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

https://npmjs.org/package/gpio

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING UP A CONTEXT


GPIO > var gpio = require("gpio"); > >/* Calling export with a pin >number will export that header >and return a gpio header >instance*/ > > var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: 'out', > interval: 200, > ready: function() { > } >});


Johnny-Five > var five = require("johnny- five"), board, led; > > board = new five.Board(); > >board.on("ready", function() { });

GPIO > var gpio = require("gpio"); > >/* Calling export with a pin >number will export that header >and return a gpio header >instance*/ > > var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: 'out', > interval: 200, > ready: function() { > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; MAKING A LIGHT BLINK


GPIO >Var strobeTimer = setInterval(function() { > gpio4.set(); > setTimeout( > function(){ > gpio4.reset(); > }, 200); > }, 400); >/*Can also pass a number in to >the >set function.*/


Johnny-Five > /* Create a standard `led` >hardware instance*/ > Var led = new five.Led(13); > > /* "strobe" the led in 100ms >on-off phases*/ > led.strobe( 100 );

GPIO >Var strobeTimer = setInterval(function() { > gpio4.set(); > setTimeout( > function(){ > gpio4.reset(); > }, 200); > }, 400); >/*Can also pass a number in to >the >set function.*/

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; GETTING VALUES


GPIO >var gpio = require("gpio"); >var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: "in", > ready: function() { > Console.log(gpio4.value > } >});


Johnny-Five >new five.Pin(13).query( >function(state) { > console.log(state); >});

GPIO >var gpio = require("gpio"); >var gpio4 = gpio.export(4, { > direction: "in", > ready: function() { > Console.log(gpio4.value > } >});

BLOWING RASPBERRIES; SETTING VALUES


GPIO > gpio4.set(function() >{ console.log(gpio4.value); >});


Johnny-Five Nothing explicit; is accomplished by passing values straight in to the functions

GPIO > gpio4.set(function() >{ console.log(gpio4.value); >});

FINAL HINTS AND TIPS

• Once connected so you can SSH in to it, use a file transfer client



• Helpful if the GPIO pins are labeled using the paper overlay for the PI



• Helpful if the GPIO pins are labeled using the paper overlay for the PI

• Get a ribbon cord for the Pi; will make your life easier.

HE’S STILL NOT FINISHED?

• Not everything has to be written in NodeJS



• Is, however, an accessible starting point for front end developers




• Projects don’t need to be in the same language




• Projects don’t need to be in the same language

• Important that what you’ve written works

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?

• Don’t be afraid; there’s always help at hand!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?


• Don’t expect to not learn anything during the project!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?



• Have fun with your project!

MAYBE HE NEARLY IS?



• Have fun with your project!

• Be Careful!

THANK YOU!

RESOURCES

• Node; nodejs.org/downloads/

• NPM; npmjs.org

• NodeSchool; nodeschool.io

• Adafruit Industries; http://learn.adafruit.com/category/learn-raspberry-pi

• RS-Components; uk.rs-online.com

• Farnell; uk.farnell.com

http://learn.adafruit.com/category/learn-raspberry-pi

http://learn.adafruit.com/category/learn-raspberry-pi

hardware hacking on the pi; what's js got to do with it

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