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CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
1
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
MARCH 24, 2017
Guided Pathways:
The Role of Student
Services
Thomas Bailey
DirectorCommunity College Research Center
Teachers College, Columbia University
Chief Student Services Officers Annual Conference
Los Angeles, California
@CommunityCCRC
#RedesigningCCs
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
• Developmental education diverts students
• Thwarted transfer objectives
• Excess credits for degrees
• Excessive time to degree
• Student learning unclear—failure to meet academic
progress
• Students express confusion and discouragement
Where do we lose students?
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
High attrition is a big concern
815
100
…
59
44
3
26
49
0
20
40
60
80
100
En
rolle
d
Co
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let
ed
En
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En
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Enro
lled
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Arithmetic Pre-Algebra Beginning Intermediate College level
%
Four levels below Three levels below
Math cohort progression by starting level
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Median credits earned by associate degree completers
20 CCC programs with the most completers in 2015-16
73
76
77
77
77
78
80
80
82
82
82
83
85
86
88
90
90
91
96
99
0 20 40 60 80 100
Humanities and Social SciencesLiberal Studies (teaching preparation)
HistoryLiberal Arts and Sciences, General
HumanitiesSociology
Speech CommunicationEnglish
Administration of JusticeAccounting
Psychology, GeneralBusiness and Commerce, General
Humanities and Fine ArtsChild Development/Early Care and Education
Business AdministrationSocial Sciences, General
Biology, GeneralBiological and Physical Sciences (and…
Registered NursingMathematics, General
Median Number of Degree-Applicable UnitsData. Analysis of CCC student records courtesy of
Education Results Partnership
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
31%
33%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SD
WI
NC
ME
SC
ARWA
GA
NH
KY
AZ
WV
NM
OH
NV
HI
CT
OR
ND
NEID
CA
MN
CO
MA
IA
LA
MO
PA
AL
U.S. average
TX
NJ
FL
ILTN
VA
NY
MI
MS
KS
MD
OK
WY
MT
Transfer-Out Rates
25%
29%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
WV
LA
MT
SC
WI
WY
AL
KS
TX
AR
GA
OK
OH
NE
NM
CO
MO
MI
MN
OR
CA
PA
NC
ME
KY
MD
IA
TN
CT
U.S. average
ID
NH
IL
AZ
ND
SD
VA
MS
MA
WA
NY
HI
NJ
FL
Transfer-With-Award Rates
42%
47%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
SDWVNMMEARLAKYOHCOGAWIHI
CTMIID
MTMAMOMNSCORAZNDNCNYMSOKAL
U.S. averageNHPANEVAWYKSTXTNMDFLNJCAILIA
WA
Transfer-Out Bachelor’s Completion Rates
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
14%15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
SD
WV
ME
NM
AR
WI
KY
GA
OH
LA
NC
HI
SC
NV
CO
CT
AZ
ID
MA
NH
OR
MN
MO
ND
NE
MI
WA
AL
PA
U.S. average
CA
NY
VA
MS
TX
TN
IA
KS
FL
NJ
OK
IL
MD
MT
WY
Community College Cohort Bachelor's Completion Rates by State
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
17%
16%
9%
10%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
SDMEOHCTNMWICOGAWVARSCHI
NCMDNVNJKYCAMAAZLAPAMNNHMINEWAVA
U.S. averageMOTXOR
ILNYIDALNDKSTNIAFL
MSOKMTWY
CC Cohort Bachelor's Completion Rates for Lower and Higher Income StudentsLower income students Higher income students
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
• A decade of the “Completion Agenda”
• Institutional and sector student outcomes have not
improved
• WHY?
Widespread Reform – Little Progress
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
• Reforms too small or narrowly focused
– Reforms not scaled
– Reforms limited to one segment of student experience
• Colleges built to promote enrollment—Self Service or
Cafeteria Model
Problem with the Structure of
Community Colleges
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
GENERAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS(Select 12 courses from this list of more than 300)
26
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Cafeteria College
Paths to career goals unclear
Intake sorts, diverts students
Students’ progress not monitored
Learning outcomes not defined
and assessed across programs
Churning
Early transfer
Completion
Time to degree
Excess credits
Skill building
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Guided Pathways College
Clear roadmaps to career goals
Intake redesigned as an on-ramp
Students on track to graduation
Learning outcomes/assessments
aligned across programs
Churning
Completion
Early transfer
Excess credits
Time to degree
Skill building
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
AACC Pathways Project Colleges
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
A National Movement
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Clarifying Paths
Evolution of Pathways at SPC
“Before” “After”
Since 2010, SPC has focused its strategic efforts on student success using an intentional data-driven way to help students “Finish What They Start”.
-1-
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Pathways colleges are redesigning their websites to
show program maps and their connection to career
and transfer opportunities
• Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
– 13 “fields of interest”
– 60% of programs have “embedded credentials”
– Each credential leads to a job in the college’s region
• St. Petersburg College
– 10 “career and academic communities”
– Stackable credentials: credentials bachelor’s degrees
Mapping Pathways to Student End Goals
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Academic Pathways
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Rethinking Mapping Programs
Career programs vs.
gen ed transfer programs
A lá carte courses (distribution
requirements and electives)
Algebra as default math path
Certificates vs. degrees
FROM: TO:
Academic / career communities
(“meta-majors”)
Program maps with course
sequences, critical courses, co-
curricular requirements
Program/field-specific math paths
Degree pathways with embedded
certificates/certifications
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Getting Students on a Path:
Student Choice and Skills
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Colleges are helping students explore careers and
college from the time they enter college, choose at
least a meta-major and develop a full-program plan
in the first term or two
• Developing the plan through:
– One-on-one advising
– FYE courses
– Leveraging technology
– Orientation
Helping students choose and enter a path
The New Student Experience
Extended Orientation to College
Starting a habit that will continue
Start Right
The New Student Experience
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
• Conduct in-depth investigations of specific occupations and careers of
interest
• Analyze data on trends involving salaries, benefits, entry-level
requirements, hiring forecasts, geographic saturation, diversity, and
promotion opportunities
• Work on effective verbal and written communication, meeting the
expectations of the wired office, and establishing professional
relationships
• Add reflections to the ethnographic report written in Ethnographies of
Work I about the journey of deciding on a career path
Ethnographies of Work II
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
AACC colleges are beginning to build pathways down into
high schools, starting with dual enrollment students
• Examples:
– Indian River State College (FL)
• “Great Explorations”
• Required SLS 1000
• Build an academic plan
– Columbus State Community College (OH)
• College Credit Plus
– Pierce College (WA)
• Career cruising
• Washington Career Pathways
Dual Enrollment
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
10%
15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
HI
MA
SD
CT
GA
MS
NJ
NV
MI
CA
PA
OR
LA
ME
MO
OH
FL
AL
NM
OK
WI
MD
MT
AZ
US Overall
TN
SC
MN
IL
NY
CO
NE
AR
WA
ID
ND
WV
TX
NC
NH
KS
WY
IA
VA
KY
Percent of Community College Entrants who are in High School Dual Enrollment, by State
CC Entrants: 17 or younger CC Entrants: 18 or older
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Most developmental education students fail to
pass a college-level course in the same subject
83 83
44
27
5549
41
2627
15
27
8
0
20
40
60
80
100
English Math
%
College-ready
All developmentaleducation
One level below
Two levels below
Three levels below
Four levels below
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Source: TN BOR
Accelerating College Entry
TN Dev Ed Co-Requisite Fall 2015 Scale Implementation Results: Math
2% 3% 4%7%
12%
20%
26%
13% 12%
38%
27%
35%
42%
52%
61%
66%
42%
51%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 No ACT All
Co
mp
lete
d C
oll
eg
e C
ou
rse
ACT Score
Pre-requisitemodel: Fall 2012cohortCo-Req scaleimplementation:Fall 2015
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Source: Belfield, Jenkins, Lahr (2016).
Accelerating College Entry
College Math Taken by Students in Tennessee Community Colleges
Co-Requisite Scale Implementation, Fall 2015
21%
14%
64%
Algebra
Math for Liberal Arts
Probability andStatistics
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Source: TN BOR
Accelerating College Entry
TN Dev Ed Co-Requisite Fall 2015 Scale Implementation Results: English
22%25%
28%
33%
37% 38%
25%
31%
49%52%
61%63% 64%
66%
57%59%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
13 14 15 16 17 18 No ACT All
Co
mp
lete
d C
oll
eg
e C
ou
rse
ACT Score
Pre-requisitemodel: Fall 2012cohort
Co-Req scaleimplementation:Fall 2015
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Rethinking Student On-boarding
Job/transfer support for
near completers
Current semester schedule
Academic assessment
Pre-requisite remediation
FROM: TO:
Career exploration and planning from
the start
Full-program plan
Holistic assessment
Co-requisite academic support
Algebra and English comp Critical program courses
A lá carte dual HS creditExploration of program pathways
beginning in HS
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Keeping Students on a Path to
Completion
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Sourc
e:
India
n R
iver
Sta
te C
olle
ge
IRSC: Checkpoint
advising manual
Show Students Their Path
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Sta
yin
g o
n a
pa
th
Ge
ttin
g o
n a
pa
th
En
su
rin
g le
arn
ing
Cla
rify
ing
th
e p
ath
What is my path?
What will I need to take?
Am I on track to graduate?
What will I need to take next term?
What are my career options?
What if I want to change programs?
What if I run into trouble?
Am I on-schedule?
How can I get help?
Am I learning what I need to be learning?
Advising and student support provide the
framework that unifies guided pathways
Program
PlanningCounseling
& CoachingOn or Off
Map
Analytics &
Integrated
LMS
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Evidence
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Business
Social
SciencesEducation
Health
Sciences
STEMHumanities
Arts
Tennessee Academic Focus Areas
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Incoming Freshmen Who Successfully
Completed at Least 9 hours in Their Focus
Area During Their 1st Academic Year
20%18%
21% 21%22%
25%
32%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%Community College
Freshmen
9%7%
8%10%
11%
15%
19%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Community College Minority Freshmen
Source: Denley, TBR, 2016
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Source: Tristan Denley, TN Board of Regents.
Accelerating Program EntrySix-Year Graduation Rates: FTIEC Tennessee Community College Students
By Focus Area Courses Attempted/Completed in First Year
11%
31%
38%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Didn't attempt 9 credits in focus area Attempted 9 credits in focus Earned 9 credits in focus
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Promising Evidence from Ohio
35.031.0
35.838.6
46.550.7
21.117.9
21.1
26.9
34.538.0
16.213.3
16.7
22.0
31.1 30.6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
AY2010-11 AY2011-12 AY2012-13 AY2013-14 AY2014-15 AY2015-16
Rate
(%
)
Percentage of students who completed at least nine credit hours in a program declared in their
first year – Sinclair Community College
overall Minority AA Male
Source: Sinclair Community College.
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Promising Evidence from Ohio
Source: Sinclair Community College.
9% 8%
40% 41%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
AY 2010-11 AY 2011-12
Sinclair CC 6-year Completion Rate: Fall Term New Students
Completed < 9 programcredits in Yr. 1
Completed 9+ programcredits in Yr. 1
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
100
COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
Impact Over Three Years
6.6
47.7
40.1%
5.4
39
21.8%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
No. of Sessions enrolled No. of Credits earned Degrees earned
Three Year Summary Table
Program Group (451)
Control Group (445)
n = 896
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
• CUNY three year graduation rate for first-time full-time
students—14%
• Guttman three year graduation rate—49%
Source: Stuart Cochran, GCC
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
•Focused programs will not improve institutional
outcomes
•Reform of developmental education alone will not
be adequate to get students firmly established in
their programs
•Mapping programs is essential but only a
beginning
•Counseling and student supports provide the
framework that unifies guided pathways
Takeaways
CHIEF STUDENT SERVICES OFFICERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE / MARCH 24, 2017
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COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESEARCH CENTER
MARCH 24, 2017
Please visit us on the web at
http://ccrc.tc.columbia.edu
where you can download presentations, reports,
and briefs, and sign-up for news announcements.
We’re also on Facebook and Twitter.
Community College Research Center
Teachers College, Columbia University
525 West 120th Street, Box 174, New York, NY 10027
E-mail: ccrc@columbia.edu Telephone: 212.678.3091
For more information
@CommunityCCRC
#RedesigningCCs
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