group 7 presentation yj lee, jenny kohler, jenny choi , jenny mytton
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GROUP 7 PRESENTATIONYJ Lee, Jenny Kohler, Jenny Choi, Jenny Mytton
Humanism, Literature and the Protestant Reformation
THE ENGLISH REFORMATION When did it begin? In the 16th century England, the Church
of England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church (and from the Pope too)
Several important factors that caused the Reformation were…
1. European Protestant Reformation was spreading widely (it started in 1517)
2. Decline of Feudalism3. The invention of the printing press
helped the Bible to circulate throughout the country
4. And King Henry VIII…
HUMANISM Educational reform movement Focuses on the human experience on
its own terms Return to antiquity
Revival of classical learning and thought. Latin and Greek
ERASMUS Dutch Renaissance Humanist Also a Catholic Classic Scholar “Prince of the Humanists” Wrote Criticisms of the Catholic Church
WORKS The Enchiridion The Praise of Folly Latin and Greek editions of The New Testament
ERASMUS AND LUTHER Luther’s movement began the year after the
publication of the New Testament Martin Luther used the 2nd edition to help him
with his own New Testament writings in German Erasmus led the Humanists in condemning the
forms of corruption within the Church He thought that true religion was a matter of
inward devotion as opposed to ceremony and ritual
Luther borrowed this Humanistic principle.
RISING TENSIONS Erasmus became pressured to side with the
Church or the reformers Although he had critiqued the Church, he
always argued that he was not attacking the institution itself
Luther asked him to join the Lutheran party and he said….(any guesses?)
ERASMUS’ OVERLY OBVIOUS RESPONSEThanks, but no thanks
THE BATTLE OF FREE WILL Luther’s view came from the fallen
state of man One can only be redeemed through the
grace of God This separated Lutheranism from
Humanism and Erasmus
JOHN CALVIN French protestant theologian
Calvinism -is a theological system and an approach to the Christian life that emphasizes the rule of God over all things. Focuses also on predestination, total depravity, unconditional election, irresistible grace, perservance of the saints. Strong emphasis on the original creation which doesn’t credit human achievement. Humanism-Dignity and worth of all people. Truth and morality is sought through human investigation and rejects dependence on a belief without reason. Sorry God. -Sir Thomas More
“EVERYMAN”15th century English morality play-Dignity and worth of all people. Truth and morality is sought through human investigation.
GodOpening of play- God is upset that humans are too absorbed in material wealth and riches which loses focus on Him. He summons Death to go to “everyman” and hear their accounts for their empty lives which leads to finding others to speak on their behalf.
Christopher Marlowe John Calvin
ROLES OF LITERATURE IN THE REFORMATION
RELIGIOUS EFFECT Printing press allows Martin Luther to
spread material quickly (1517) A century later, follows the Western
Schism; a time of disarray in the church Without ability to transmit material
quickly, history might have been quite different
MARTIN LUTHER
95 Theses Manuscript
form Prints Pamphleteering
BRINGING THE BIBLE TO THE PEOPLE Translation of the Bible into many
languages (from Latin) Self-interpretation of the Bible Less reliance upon the priest figure Questioning of religious authority (ie
repentance via a father)
EDUCATION “How-To” books bring education to
general public without apprenticeship-oriented training
Books become cheaper, accessible
RISE OF THE MODERN UNIVERSITY University becomes prominent, takes
new shape Accessibility to information through
literature University as a place for research,
scholarly journals
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Unified scientists Allows scientists to share material with
ease, compared to the past Copernicus (1543) “On the Revolutions
of the Heavenly Spheres” Biology, Physics, Astronomy
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