gramatica español 3 unidad 1

Por: Rosa Gettemy

Linares 4th

Gramática

*What you are doing now

*Immediate Future

Stem Changing

Three Types:

1. e>ie

2. o>ue

3. e>i

ALL forms of singular & in 3rd person plural (present tense).

Present Tense of Regular Verbs

Repaso: Irregular Yo

Forms* ONLY in first person singular form!

Other irregular (yo) verbs:

Estar >estoy

Ir >voy

Ser >soy

Tener >tengo

Venir >vengo

Preterite Tense of Regular Verbs

*COMPLETED actions in the past, done by you or others

SAME ENDINGS in the

preterite!!

Car/Gar/Zar Verbs

•Buscar

•Cruzar

•Sacar

•Llegar

•Almorzar

•Pagar

•Jugar

•Empezar

•Tocar

YO

TU

USTED

NOSOTROS

USTEDES

Stem Changes in the Preterite

*Only in usted and ustedes

forms

•NOT all stem changes- only e I

and o u!

Irregular Preterites

SONG

Andar-anduve, estar-estuve, poder-pude,

poner-puse….

Querer-quise, saber-supe, tener-tuve,

vener-vine…

Repaso: Ser vs. Estar

2 different verbs

Same meaning

“to be”

The Imperfect Tense

*Ongoing, habitual, or incomplete actions in the

past

*Time in the past

* Descriptions in the past

Out of the 3 irregular, ser is used in describing when

someone was younger. Ex: “Cuando era niña…”

Repaso: Preterite vs. Imperfect*Both refer to the past

P: COMPLETED ACTIONS / I: ONGOING/INCOMPLETE ACTIONS

Present & Past Perfect Tenses

[Present tense] of “haber” + past

participle of the verb

[Imperfect] of “haber” + past participle of the

verb

Verbs Like Gustar

* Used to express your and others’ reactions

Example: [Me gusta el pastel.] < The cake is pleasing to me.

Por & Para

Passing through

General location

Transportation

An exchange

How long something lasts

For whom something is

done

Destination

Idea of a deadline

Future Tense

é

ás

á

emos

án

•Generally:

•Strong intention

•Event will most likely happen soon

•Less certain plans/predictions

Future Tense + Probability