global poc synthesis from beam attenuation data collected during jgofs, woce and other programs a.v....
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Global POC Synthesis from Global POC Synthesis from Beam Attenuation DataBeam Attenuation Data
collected during JGOFS, WOCE collected during JGOFS, WOCE and other programsand other programs
A.V. Mishonov, W.D. Gardner, A.V. Mishonov, W.D. Gardner,
& M.J. Richardson& M.J. Richardson
Department of Oceanography Department of Oceanography Texas A & M University Texas A & M University
College StationCollege Station
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BackgroundBackground
One of the major goals of JGOFS is to develop One of the major goals of JGOFS is to develop
regional and global mass balances for carbon. regional and global mass balances for carbon.
Selected areasSelected areas were studied through shipboard were studied through shipboard
sampling during JGOFS in the last 15 years. sampling during JGOFS in the last 15 years.
To To extend global coverageextend global coverage, the marine carbon , the marine carbon
dioxide survey was integrated with WOCE. dioxide survey was integrated with WOCE.
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IntroductionIntroductionTo obtain information about POC distribution it is To obtain information about POC distribution it is
possible to use possible to use in-situin-situ optical instruments - e.g. optical instruments - e.g. transmissometer and convert beam attenuation transmissometer and convert beam attenuation to POC. to POC.
In order to In order to extend our data coverage to a global extend our data coverage to a global levellevel, we convinced many WOCE scientists to , we convinced many WOCE scientists to interface our transmissometers on their WOCE interface our transmissometers on their WOCE cruises during the last decade. cruises during the last decade.
We now have an opportunity to reduce & We now have an opportunity to reduce & synthesize the data collected. synthesize the data collected.
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ObjectivesObjectives Reduce and quality control the transmissometer data Reduce and quality control the transmissometer data
from 17 WOCE cruises, providing accessibility and from 17 WOCE cruises, providing accessibility and compatibility with JGOFS data for input to models of compatibility with JGOFS data for input to models of carbon cycling, aggregation / disaggregation, etc.carbon cycling, aggregation / disaggregation, etc.
Establish new ocean- or region-specific algorithms to Establish new ocean- or region-specific algorithms to estimate global POC standing stock in the surface estimate global POC standing stock in the surface ocean from satellite back-scatter data and our ocean from satellite back-scatter data and our transmissometer data sets.transmissometer data sets.
Explore whether the relationship between COExplore whether the relationship between CO22
drawdown and POC concentration can be used to drawdown and POC concentration can be used to estimate POC export from surface waters.estimate POC export from surface waters.
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Data SetData SetTransmissometer data have been collected using Transmissometer data have been collected using
instruments provided by our group over the last instruments provided by our group over the last decade in collaboration with WOCE, JGOFS, and decade in collaboration with WOCE, JGOFS, and other large-scale hydrographic programs. other large-scale hydrographic programs.
These data include basin-wide transects in the North These data include basin-wide transects in the North and South Atlantic, North and South Pacific, and South Atlantic, North and South Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans. Indian, and Southern Oceans.
We have been funded to analyze these data and We have been funded to analyze these data and convert the beam attenuation values to POC using convert the beam attenuation values to POC using the Beam Attenuation:POC relationships derived the Beam Attenuation:POC relationships derived by our group during JGOFS Process studies. by our group during JGOFS Process studies.
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Station Coverage: WOCE, JGOFS & othersStation Coverage: WOCE, JGOFS & others
JGOFS JGOFS WOCEWOCE OthersOthers
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Available Transmissometer Available Transmissometer Data:Data:
19 WOCE cruises (Jan.1990 - Jun.1997), 19 WOCE cruises (Jan.1990 - Jun.1997), which includes:which includes: 2231/2239 Sts/Casts;2231/2239 Sts/Casts;
More data will be included from:More data will be included from: JGOFS: 22 cruises, 410/1568 Sts/CastsJGOFS: 22 cruises, 410/1568 Sts/Casts SAVE, WBEX, MCTT, SAVE, WBEX, MCTT, etcetc: 9 cruises, 600 Sts (est.): 9 cruises, 600 Sts (est.)
Possible future additions:Possible future additions: BATS & HOT: TBABATS & HOT: TBA other archives (BOFS, NIOP, etc.): TBAother archives (BOFS, NIOP, etc.): TBA
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
JGOFS WOCE Others
Global Transmissometer DataGlobal Transmissometer DataStations per Year DistributionStations per Year Distribution
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Global Transmissometer DataGlobal Transmissometer Data
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
OthersWOCEJGOFS
Stations per Month DistributionStations per Month Distribution
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WOCE Line Ship name Start FinishA21 Meteor 23-Jan-90 06-Mar-90p17c Th.Washington 02-Jun-91 07-Jul-91
p16s/p17s Th.Washington 31-Aug-91 10-Oct-91s04p Akademik IOFFE 22-Feb-92 29-Mar-92p14c Knorr 01-Sep-92 13-Sep-92
p16a/ p17a Knorr 08-Oct-92 24-Nov-92p17e/ p19s Knorr 14-Dec-92 18-Jan-93
p19c Knorr 23-Feb-93 10-Apr-93p17n Th. Thompson 16-May-93 26-Jun-93p14n Th. Thompson 07-Jul-93 29-Aug-93p18 Discoverer 23-Feb-94 24-Aug-94i09s Knorr 24-Jan-95 05-Mar-95
i05e/ i08n Knorr 10-Mar-95 15-Apr-95i03 Knorr 24-Apr-95 05-Jun-95
i04 / i05w / i07c Knorr 11-Jun-95 11-Jul-95i07n Knorr 15-Jul-95 24-Aug-95i10 Knorr 11-Nov-95 24-Nov-95s04i N. Palmer 03-May-96 02-Jul-96A24 Knorr 30-May-97 28-Jun-97
WOCE Cruises (19)
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WOCE Stations
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200a2
1
p17c
p16s
/p17
s
s04p
p14c
p16a
/p17
a
p17e
/p19
s
p19c
p17n
p14n p1
8
i09s
i05e
/i08n i0
3
i04/
i05w
/i07c
i07n i1
0
s04i
a24
Stations, 2231Casts, 2239
WOCE LinesWOCE Lines
Sta
tion
sS
tati
ons
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JGOFS Cruise Region Start FinishAtlantis-II-119_5 NABE 15-May-89 08-Jun-89
Endeavor-198 NABE 26-Jun-89 07-Jul-89TT-007 EqPac 03-Feb-92 09-Mar-92TT-008 EqPac 19-Mar-92 14-Apr-92TT-011 EqPac 05-Aug-92 18-Sep-92TT-012 EqPac 24-Sep-92 21-Oct-92
TTN-043 Arabian Sea 08-Jan-95 01-Feb-95TTN-045 Arabian Sea 14-Mar-95 08-Apr-95TTN-049 Arabian Sea 18-Jul-95 13-Aug-95TTN-050 Arabian Sea 18-Aug-95 13-Sep-95TTN-054 Arabian Sea 30-Nov-95 26-Dec-95
NBP 96-4a AESOPS 10-Mar-96 15-Apr-96NBP 96-4 AESOPS 09-Sep-96 19-Sep-96NBP 96-5 AESOPS 08-Oct-96 06-Nov-96NBP 97-1 AESOPS 12-Jan-97 09-Feb-97NBP 97-3 AESOPS 08-Apr-97 05-May-97
Kiwi-6 AESOPS 23-Oct-97 19-Nov-97NBP 97-8 AESOPS 09-Nov-97 12-Dec-97
Kiwi-7 AESOPS 04-Dec-97 30-Dec-97Kiwi-8 AESOPS 10-Jan-98 02-Feb-98Kiwi-9 AESOPS 14-Feb-98 15-Mar-98
NBP 98-2 AESOPS 25-Feb-98 31-Mar-98
JGOFS Cruises (22)
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JGOFS Stations
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160A
tlan
tis-
II
End
eavo
r
TT
-007
TT
-008
TT
-011
TT
-012
TT
N-0
43
TT
N-0
45
TT
N-0
49
TT
N-0
50
TT
N-0
54
NB
P 9
6-4A
NB
P 9
6-4
NB
P 9
6-5
NB
P 9
7-1
NB
P 9
7-3
Kiw
i-6
NB
P 9
7-8
Kiw
i-7
Kiw
i-8
Kiw
i-9
NB
P 9
8-2
Stations, 410Casts, 1568
JGOFS CruisesJGOFS Cruises
Sta
tion
sS
tati
ons
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Cruise Region Start FinishWBEX Atlantic 24-Apr-83 15-May-86
Oceanus-134 Atlantic 15-Jun-83 11-Jul-83SAVE-1 Atlantic 23-Nov-87 13-Dec-87SAVE-2 Atlantic 18-Dec-87 23-Jan-88SAVE-3 Atlantic 29-Jan-88 07-Mar-88MCTT Atlantic 25-Jul-88 27-Aur-88SAVE-4 Atlantic 09-Dec-88 13-Jan-89SAVE-5 Atlantic 27-Jan-89 06-Mar-89SAVE-6 Atlantic 14-Mar-89 12-Apr-89
Other Cruises (9)
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Other Stations
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
WBEX OC-134 SAVE-1 SAVE-2 SAVE-3 MCTT SAVE-4 SAVE-5 SAVE-6
Stations, 602Casts, 603
Other ProgramsOther Programs
Sta
tion
sS
tati
ons
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Data InventoryData Inventory
Sample SectionsSample Sections
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Pacific Ocean SectionRV Th.Thompson, Jul-Aug. 93, Line p14n
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
-6000
-5000
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
-6000
-5000
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Beam AttenuationBeam Attenuation
Distance, nmDep
th, m
NorthNorth
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Indian Ocean Section RV Knorr, Feb. 95, Line i09s
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
-6000
-5000
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
0.38 0.4 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.5 0.52 0.54 0.56Distance, nm
Dep
th, m
Beam AttenuationBeam Attenuation
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Future steps 1Future steps 1
Transmissometer database:Transmissometer database: Process 19 WOCE cruises of Process 19 WOCE cruises of
transmissometer data;transmissometer data; Add processed transmissometer & Add processed transmissometer &
POC data from 22 JGOFS cruises;POC data from 22 JGOFS cruises; Add processed transmissometer data Add processed transmissometer data
from other basin-scale cruises where from other basin-scale cruises where we have data (9we have data (9++).).
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Future steps 2Future steps 2
Beam attenuation / POC relationship:Beam attenuation / POC relationship: Use algorithms developed during JGOFS: Use algorithms developed during JGOFS:
NABE, Arabian Sea, and Ross NABE, Arabian Sea, and Ross Sea/Antarctic Polar Front Zone Sea/Antarctic Polar Front Zone expeditions;expeditions;
convert Beam Attenuation to POC & convert Beam Attenuation to POC & quantify spatial and temporal quantify spatial and temporal distribution.distribution.
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0 40 80 120 160
Ross Sea
NABE
APFZ
Linear (Ross Sea)
Linear (NABE)
Linear (APFZ)
JGOFS: Beam CJGOFS: Beam Cpp versus POC versus POC
POC, POC, M C/LM C/L
CCpp,
m, m-1-1
NABE: y=0.0376x - 0.0032R2=0.913
APFZ: y=0.0264x - 0.0649R2=0.982
RS: y=0.0178x - 0.0155R2=0.874
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Thank You!Thank You!
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