[final] for taunsa barrage rehabilitation and...
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
[FINAL]FOR TAUNSA BARRAGE
REHABILITATION AND MODERNIZATION
15 September 2004
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
3.9.3 Material Depots ................................................ 3-20
3.9.4 Work Bases ................................................ 3-20
3.9.5 Approaches to Work Site ................................................ 3-21
3.10 ESTIMATED COST OF PROJECT ................................................ 3-21
3.11 THE PROJECT CATEGORY AS PER APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND
CRITERIA ................................................ 3-22
3.12 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ................................................ 3-22
3.13 CONCLUSION ................................................ 3-22
4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ................................... 4-1
4.1 PROJECT AREA OF IMPACT (AOI) ..................................... 4-1
4.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ......................................... 4-1
4.2.1 Geology ......................................... 4-1
4.2.2 Physiography ......................................... 4-2
4.2.3 Soil Type ......................................... 4-2
4.2.4 Land Use ......................................... 4-2
4.2.5 The River and Hydrologic Regime at Barrage ....................................... 4-3
4.2.6 Water Resource for the Vicinity Area ......................................... 4-6
4.2.7 Climate ......................................... 4-7
4.2.8 Ambient Quality of Environment ......................................... 4-8
4.2.9 Natural Event History ......................................... 4-10
4.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ........................................ 4-11
4.3.1 Flora ......................................... 4-11
4.3.2 Fauna ......................................... 4-15
4.3.3 Wildlife Sanctuary ......................................... 4-24
4.3.4 Indus Dolphin ......................................... 4-25
4.3.5 Agriculture ......................................... 4-28
4.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS . ........................ 4-29
4.4.1 Population and community structure ......................................... 4-29
4.4.2 Poverty Status ......................................... 4-29
4.4.3 Services and Facilitates in the Area ......................................... 4-30
4.4.4 Conclusions ......................................... 4-32
5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ......................... 5-1
5.1 NO PROJECT OPTION / WORST SCENARIO OPTION ......................... 5-1
5.2 OPTION OF NEW BARRAGE ON THE SAME SITE ................................... 5-3
5.3 OPTION OF NEW BARRAGE ON NEW SITE ............................................. 5-4
5.4 THE OPTION OF HAVING NEW WEIR AT LESSER THAN 1500 FT
DOWNSTREAM .5-55.5 OPTION OF NOT CHANGING THE DIMENSIONS OF THE GATELESS
WEIR .5-55.6 OPTION OF DENOTIFYING TAUNSA BARRAGE POND AREA AS
WILDLIFE SANCTUARY AND AS RAMSAR SITE ...................................... 5-6
5.7 OPTION OF ALTERNATE LOGISTICS ............... ....................... 5-7
5.8 OPTION OF PROPOSED DESIGN ...................................... 5-8
5.9 SUMMARY OF ALTERNATIVES ...................................... 5-8
6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ................................................. 6-1
6.1 MEETINGS WITH LOCAL AND REGIONAL OFFICIALS .............. .............. 6-1
6.2 MEETING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES ................................................. 6-4
6.3 PUBLIC HEARING ................................................. 6-7
6.4 PUBLIC DISCLOSURE ................................................. 6-9
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (ii)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
6.5 EPA OBSERVATIONS ............................................................ 6-96.6 EPA APPROVAL ............................................................ 6-12
7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ......... 7-1
7.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT SOURCES ..................................... 7-17.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT . ............................. 7-8
7.2.1 Preconstruction Phase ..................................... 7-87.2.2 Construction Phase ..................................... 7-107.2.3 Operational Phase ..................................... 7-15
7.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS ..................................... 7-15
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................ 8-1
8.1 GENERAL .............. 8-18.2 MITIGATION PLAN .............. 8-18.3 MITIGATION (AVOIDANCE) OF ADVERSE IMPACTS AT DESIGN
PHASE ................................... . 8-78.4 TENDER AND CONSTRUCTION PHASE . ................................ 8-7
8.4.1 Impact Reduction Measures ................................... 8-78.4.2 Pretender Conference ................................... 8-98.4.3 Preconstruction Coordination Meeting ................................... 8-10
8.5 OPERATIONAL PHASE - MANAGEMENT OF OPERATIONALIMPACTS .................................. . 8-10
8.6 MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL IMPACTS . ................................ 8-108.7 MONITORING PLAN .. ................................ 8-108.8 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .................................. 8-13
8.8.1 Management Responsibility .................................. 8-138.8.2 Institutional Strengthening .................................. 8-158.8.3 Reporting and Supervision .................................. 8-15
8.9 COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF EMP . ............................... 8-168.10 RECOMMENDATIONS .. . 8-38
8.10.1 Avoidance . 8-388.10.2 Contractor's Obligations . 8-398.10.3 Social Frame Work Agreement (SFA) . 8-458.10.4 Operational Manual . 8-49
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (iii)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Environmental and Social Process
Table 1.2: Study Stage for Various Study Area
Table 2.1: Essential FIDIC Clause to be Included in the Tdner Docuemnts and
Contractors
Table 4.1: Flood Limit as Used
Table 4.2: Flood Data for Past 46 Years
Table 4.3: Traffic Crossings Over Taunsa Barrage
Table 4.4: Noise Level due to Traffic Over Taunsa Barrage Bridge
Table 4.5: Indus Dolphin Population Status
Table 4.6: Prices of Essential Commodities in the Project Area
Table 6.1: List of Officials Contacted
Table 6.2: List of Selected Community Representative
Table 6.3: Employment Opportunity at Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project
Table 7.1: Evaluation of Environmental and Social Impact of Taunsa Barrage
Rehabilitation Project
Table 8.1: Mitigation Summary
Table 8.2: Minimum Monitroing Plan
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (iv)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3-1: Proposed Sub-weir Cross SectionFigure 3-2: Project area map showing the logisticsFigure 4-1: Land use pattern in area of influrence (Aoi) of the projectFigure 4-2: Hydrograph showing u/s water levels 1999Figure 4-3: Hydrograph showing u/s water levels 2000Figure 4-4: Hydrograph showing u/s water levels 2001Figure 4-5: Hydrograph showing u/s water levels 2002Figure 4-6: Hydrograph showing u/s water levels 2003Figure 4-7: Hydrograph showing month wise head across 1999-2003Figure 4-8: Month wise minimum & maximum water levels 1999-2003Figure 4-9: Hydrograph showin month wise head across 1999-2003Fiugre 4.10: Indus Dolphin Conservation ProgrammeFigure 8-1: Organogram of Irrigation and Power (I&P) Department showing the
environmental unit proposed
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (v)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex-I: Socal Framework Agreement
Annex-lI: Project Beneficiary Survey (Socio Economic Study)
Annex-IIl: Fishes Commonly Found in River Indus U/S and D/S Taunsa Barrage
Annex-IV: Approval from Environment Protection Department (EPD) Punjab
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (vi)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 1.1: Taunsa Barrage by 1958 standards was a marvelous achievement by PakistaniEngineers. But the model is now threatened by Retrogression, corrosion due to oblique riverapproach to the barrage, safety risk due to deficient thickness of downstream floor anddamage to glacis ............. 1-1Plate 1.2: In order to mitigate the degenerative process in the river bed below the existingweir, a gateless weir (sill), 4346 ft long, shall be constructed across the river. Initially it wasproposed at site A, 1500 ft downstream. Another option being considered is at site B, 800 ftdownstream as seen from the left bank .. 1-5Plate 1.3: In order to mitigate the degenerative process in the river bed below the existingweir, a gateless weir (sill), 4346 ft long shall be constructed across the river. Initially it wasproposed at site A, 1500' downstream. The option has now titled in favor of site B 800downstream, as seen from the right bank .. 1-6Plate 3.1: Taunsa Barrage built over River Indus, is located at 300 31 N and 700 51 E insouth western part of Punjab, in Tehsil Kot Adu, District Muzaffargarh .3-2Plate 3.2: An arterial road linking western part of the Punjab crosses over the barrage. Asection of the road, coming from Kot Addu and leading to Taunsa, which will also be used ascommunication line for men, materials and machinery during construction phase of theproject .. 3-3Plate 3.3: Kot Adu-Taunsa Road and Rail link for Karachi and Quetta enter the Taunsabarrage bridge as the Muzaffargarh canal (extreme left, part visible) leaves the headworks.Also passing over the bridge are the gas pipeline and oil pipe line which being undergroundin the area shown in the photograph are not visible .3-3
Plate 3.4: Road crossing over the bridge at Taunsa Barrage over which 600-700 vehicles ofdifferent types pass per day producing around 52,000 decibels of noise .3-4Plate 3.5: Railway line passing over the Taunsa Barrage. Daily 4 passenger trains (2 up and2 down) pass over the railway bridge. To ensure that the track on the bridge does not getblocked as a rule the train drivers have to ensure before passing over the bridge that thetrain, including its engine, is in perfect running order . 3-4Plate 3.6: Road, Railway line and Gas pipeline passing over the Taunsa Barrage. The gaspipeline is under the right edge of the road bridge . 3-5Plate 3.7: Old workshop of l&P Department is located close to the project site. This area willbe used (after repairs) as Project Field Office, material depot and machinery yard . 3-15Plate 3.8: An old platform near workshop which will be used as part of vehicle yard. Theplatform has, at the far end, a maintenance bay which will help in washing vehicles frombelow. A tool store is also visible on the left side of the platform. The facility is strategicallylocated near the main gate of the old workshop . 3-16Plate 3.9: The old workshop building needs heavy repairs before these can be used byResident Engineer or the Contractor . .3-16Plate 3.10: Site proposed for camp after repairs which will be a lot cheaper then constructingnew buildings of the required scale .. 3-17Plate 3.11: This building was once a mechanical engineering workshop. After repairs it canbe restored and used as such during construction by the contractor . 3-17Plate 3.12: Approach road to the old Workshop link the campus with Kot Adu Taunsa Roadseen in plate 3.2 .. 3-18
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (vii)
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Plate 3.13: Another approach road to the southern end of the camping area available for
labour, materials and yards .................................................................. 3-18
Plate 3.14: The left guide bank extends upto 1500 ft downstream. It will be used for
conveying men, materials and machinery to the work base on the left bank ..................... 3-19
Plate 4.1: Agricultural waste is used as domestic fuel around the project area. The traffic
passing over Taunsa consist of all types of vehicles; of then a tractor trolley and bus are
visible in this picture .................................................................. 4-9
Plate 4.2: On alluvial lands in the river succession of vegetation can be seen clearly.
Grasses, sedges and typha come as early colonizers followed by Erianthus munja (munj),
Tamarix dioca (pilchi), Tamarix articulata (Frash) and Populus euphratiea ....................... 4-13
Plate 4.3: Tamarix dioca (pilchi) blossom in the wildlife sanctuary at Taunsa Barrage ..... 4-14
Plate 4.4: Stages of succession of vegetation are visible on the new alluvial sites in the
wildlife sanctuary of Taunsa barrage ................................................................... 4-14
Plate 4.5: As the Typha is replaced by Erianthus and as Erianthus is replaced by Trees, the
alluvium gets nature and along with the change in flora, the habitat for fauna also
changes ................................................................... 4-15
Plate 4.6: The level of water upstream is normally kept at RL 446 while the undersluice level
is normally RL 425. The Indus dolphin habitat was bisected in 1958. Indus dolphin has learnt
to live and survive in both the segments. it is specially protected on the upper side which is a
wildlife sanctuary and a RAMSAR site .................................................................. 4-20
Plate 4.7: Taunsa wildlife sanctuary is an ideal spot for researchers in flora as well as fauna.
A dawn in Taunsa sanctuary invites the researchers as well as photographers ............... 4-21
Plate 4.8: The wildlife sanctuary at Taunsa is also a RAMSAR site .................................. 4-21
Plate 4.9: Comparatively nature alluvial sites, like the one seen in the picture, are cherished
by black partridge, Quail, Bluebird, Jungle pigeon, Sun bird, Doves, Warblers, House
sparrow, Russian sparrow, Crows and Owls .................................................................. 4-22
Plate 4.10: Protected waters inside the Taunsa barrage wildlife sanctuary, like the one in the
picture, are a haven for migratory bids such as waterfowls whistling ducks, cranes, shorebird
and Bare headed Goose .................................................................. 4-22
Plate 4.11: Dry balas and high lands within the pond above stream the barrage, are habitats
for wild animals such a s Hog dears, Jackals, Hares, Porcupines and wild bows ............. 4-23
Plate 4.12: Calm waters in the pond behind Taunsa barrage is a recognized habitat of Indus
blind dolphin. According to an estimate above 200 dolphins presently occupy the pond area
which the wildlife population dynamists consider to be a saturation point for this predator.
However, Indus Dolphin (Platanista Minor) was included in the IUCN Red Book of
endangered species in 1976, and it still has the same status there .................................. 4-23
Plate 4.13: The Taunsa barrage upstream pond area is a RAMSAR recognized world class
safe haven for water fowls ................................................................... 4-24
Plate 4.14: A population on a constant rise, one bicycle and 13 riders ............................. 4-29
Plate 4.15: A farmer is putting typha leaves on the metalled road for the vehicles to press
over it and make it soft for typha mat (suff) making cottage industry ................................. 4-31
Plate 4.16: With control of turbulence, the fishing and social mobility by boats will increase in
downstream of the new weir ................................................................... 4-33
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS (viii)
Executive Summary
I Puniab Barraaes Rehabilitatinn Prnipr-t Phnco I
1i
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was carried out during theengineering and environmental study stage of project design of the Taunsa BarrageRehabilitation and modernization project including a weir to be located between 800ft. to1500 ft downstream the existing Taunsa Barrage in the river Indus as it passes throughDistrict Dera Ghazi Khan of Punjab (Pakistan). This project is phase-I of the PunjabBarrages Rehabilitation and Modernization Project. Approximate cost is about US$ 132million, financed under WB/IBRD Credit/Loan.
The Project is classified as Category "B". This category is justified because environmentalimpact will be localized over immediate project area. Nevertheless the socio-economicbenefits will disseminate all over the area where irrigation water of Taunsa barrage reaches.Taunsa barrage canal system irrigation spreads about 6 million-acre feet of water irrigating32,489 kM2, serving 11 million people.
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared in conformity with theWorld Bank Operational Manual including Operational Policy OP 4.01, Bank Procedure BP4.01 and Good Practices GP 4.01. It also takes into account the guidance on EIA which isset out in the World Bank Environment Assessment Source Book and subsequent updates.
The nature and scope of the construction works and the environmental setting of the projectare such that many of the adverse impacts often associated with river modification projectswill cause insignificant environmental impacts. No adverse impacts are anticipated in respectof sensitive habitat, wildlife or cultural heritage. In essence the already existing structure ofTaunsa Barrage will be rehabilitated, strengthened and saved. It does not warrant anyacquisition of additional land, rehabilitation or resettlement. There will be positive impactsassociated with creation of safety structure for Taunsa Barrage, increased efficiency of theirrigation system linked with Taunsa Barrage and possibly water availability for additionalkacha and inland agricultural lands. During construction, the contractors' work force isexpected to be largely recruited locally, which will enhance economic opportunities for thelocal population belonging to working age group.
When the construction of Taunsa Barrage Subsidiary Weir is completed and iscommissioned for operations, it is not likely to cause any significant noise, air or waterpollution or in any way threaten the normal control and maintenance of the upstream gamesanctuary. Nevertheless creation of a safe haven, between the existing barrage and the newstructure, will help the water biota to flourish. Also the water fall over the structure mayoxygenate the water for the aquatic life in the downstream part of the river. Even the use of
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
the borrow material from the vicinity of right and left guide bank is not likely to cause such
changes which may be irreversible or non mitigable.
Significant beneficial impacts are anticipated to result from project implementation. The most
important of these being a major improvement in the life efficiency of Taunsa Barrage
alongwith a guaranteed and increased water flow in Muzaffargarh Canal, D.G. Khan Canal
and TP Link Canal. This in turn is expected to boost up whole range of agricultural activity by
way of increased productivity and outputs and thus raise in the life quality of the
beneficiaries. With that the capacity to avail the services like clean drinking water, electricity,
education, health and marketing will increase. And that will ease pressure on the wildlife
habitat, Dolphin sanctuary and fisheries resources of riverian tract around Taunsa Barrage.
A number of pre-construction related impacts have been identified, most of them are
significant but mitigable through a sound design of the project structures. Retrogression,
uprooting of friction blocks, oblique river approach to barrage, deficient thickness of
downstream floor and damage to glacis will be eliminated. The principal concern relates to
temporary effect on the canal closures to make the river flow construction friendly. However,
through a prudent regulations the canal water supply can be kept at optimal level. Alongwith
that all potentially adverse impacts arising during construction can be mitigated satisfactorily
and residual impacts reduced to an acceptable level with the inclusion of suitable
environmental protection clauses in the construction contract document.
The "no build" option is considered inappropriate in view of the long term and wide spreadbenefits of a safe and a long term Taunsa Barrage as compared to the short term and
mitigable impacts associated with the construction phase. Construction of 4346 long
gateless weir 1500 below the main between 800-1500 barrage is the best option out of
various alternatives analyzed.
Social consultation was carried out during project study with officials and local communities.
The aim was to solicit views on the proposed project and incorporate their concerns,
demands and needs into the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Social Framework
Agreement (SFA). Indirect women consultations were carried out to incorporate gender
issues in the social assessment.
Based on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Social/Women Consultation, a
Social Framework Agreement (SFA) has been proposed. However this instrument shall be
prepared and made public when the project is approved and is ready for implementation.
The baseline data for monitoring of social and economic indicators (access to better
services, increased productivity in agriculture and better protection and conservation of wild
life, etc.,) were collected at all cardinal points in the project area.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 2
iIntroduction
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
The Project shall be completed at a cost of approximately Rs. Eight (8) billion (US $ 132 million)
with assistance of the World Bank in 4 fiscal years.
1.2 PROJECT DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
The barrage was completed in 1958 utilizing local resources and indigenous techniques.
Eversince its commissioning, the barrage has suffered from inherent design and construction
inadequacies. Damage to gigantic hydraulic structure were noticed just after its start. In 1959,
impact blocks (41) in bays 39, 40 and 47 were uprooted. Perpetual damages had been
occurring in subsequent years and repairs carried out according to the need and safe
functioning of the structure till next closure. Several piece-meal studies have also been carried
out in the past but no long-term measures could be adopted to address the basic issues due to
resource limitation and financial constraints.
1.2.1 Problems
The problems identified in the barrage are as follows: -
* Retrogression
The tail water rating curve (the far end of turbulence) for the barrage site, which formed the
basis of its design, erred on unsafe side. It was observed in the beginning of the construction
activity that retrogression of the downstream bed was much more than its assumed limit. The
observation necessitated lowering of cistern level. The downstream floor level was lowered by 2
feet i.e., from RL 418.0 (original design) to RL 416.0 (as constructed) but this was not enough
to match with the actually obtained water level, thus resulting in an inbuilt inadequacy of tail
water depth causing further excessive retrogression. The amount of retrogression has varied
over the years but the levels have always been substantially low, giving a lower value of the tail
water depth, which results in aggravating the situation by adding to unstability of the hydraulic
jump and increasing pressure on the blocks and skin. An analysis made for 500,000 cusecs on
the actual gauges and data for July 02, 1990, indicates a Froude Number of only 3.74 and jump
efficiency of 37%. Adverse effects of retrogression experienced on Taunsa Barrage are
pulsating of hydraulic jump, damage to friction blocks, reduction in the discharge capacity of
barrage, excessive exit gradient and the increased risk of piping failure through undermining of
sub-soil under the floors, thus limiting the maximum head across the weir to 22 feet against 30
feet designed.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1-2
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Uprootinq of friction/baffle blocks with Corresponding Damace to the reinforced
skin
The top one foot thick reinforced cement concrete (1:2:5) skin was not constructed monolithic
with the underlying main mass concrete owing to which there existed a cleavage plane
between the top skin concrete and the main mass concrete. The mix ratio of 1:2.7:7 of mass
concrete was inherently quite weak. It was also of uncertain quality. The friction blocks were
constructed before laying of skin concrete and were not properly embedded in it. Under this
condition, the friction/baffle blocks are having a weak bond with underlying concrete with the
result that water impact and vibrations so produced cause cracks on the upstream of the friction
blocks and cause them to be washed away with a corresponding severe damage to reinforced
cement concrete skin and even to underlying mass concrete which suffers from fissure like
leakages. Every year many friction blocks alongwith the surrounding reinforced cement
concrete skin get damaged and their repair is a perpetual problem, which has to be carried out
in the limited period of annual closures.
* Oblique River Approach to Barrage
On account of oblique river approach to barrage from right, the exit currents on the downstream
also follow oblique direction. The oblique exit results in formation of oblique jets, which are
sometimes very strong and cause a haywire turbulence, which hamper dissipation of energy
thus worsening the condition in the stilling basin. Besides this, the extreme right handed
approach causes heavy siltation in the pocket resulting in excessive silt entry into the Dera
Ghazi Khan canal. The intake capacity of the canals has reduced and it has become difficult to
feed them with the authorized pond level of RL 446.0 ft. The right arm of the river has been
dominating throughout and its contribution has been more than 80% during the last four
decades. Dera Ghazi Khan Canal, which takes off from right flank, suffers the most because of
excessive silt entry. Two silt ejectors at RD 7500 and RD 20800 with a capacity of 1,500 cusecs
and 1,000 cusecs respectively are suffering from operational difficulties. On account of heavy
silt deposits in Dera Ghazi Khan Canal, what to say of passing ultimate designed capacity of
14,200 cusecs safely, even interim capacity of 8,900 cusecs is difficult to pass. The flow of river
from upstream has to be rationalized by evolution of a suitable pattern of approach for safe
passage of floods and ensuring feeding of the canals to the designed capacity.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1-3
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Damage to Glacis
Glacis downstream of the gate line is badly abraded. Reinforcement exposed by the eroded
concrete has also been worn away to the extent that pieces of reinforcement had fallen shortly
after commissioning of the barrage. Mechanical problems of mechanical equipment started
emanating which gradually aggravated over the period of time. Those are now posing a serious
threat to safety of the structure.
1.2.2 The Solutions
The problems enumerated above would require the following solutions:-
* A gateless subsidy weir is the most effective and viable solution for mitigating the ill effects
of retrogression of levels.
* Stilling Basin on the downstream of the barrage is short in length and needs heavy
remodeling and even grouting of downstream floor.
* Pressure pipes provided for determining the uplift pressure under the barrage structure are
mostly out of order and those few in working condition have no significance for the sensitive
and most important downstream floor. Addition of conventional pressure pipes and vibrating
wire (electronic) piezometers in selected bays/components of the barrage is a vital
requirement.
* A silt excluder is required in the right pocket to control silt entry (grade and charge) into
Dera Ghazi Khan Canal. This may have to be supplemented with widening of the right
pocket and increasing the length of the right divide wall.
* Performance of the silt ejector at RD 7500 and 20800 and the inlet at RD 19700 has been
critically analysed and suitable measures initiated. The outfall channel and the silt ejector at
RD 7500 has to be remodeled and improved.
• Raising bottom level of breast wall of Head regulator of Dera Ghazi Khan Canal.
* Training of the Indus River at Taunsa, which has been handled in piece-meal fashion, has
resulted in inefficient working and vulnerability of training structures on the right bank. A
detailed analysis would require an independent hydrological study involving collection and
processing of a large amount of data and surveys alongwith a numerical/mathematical
model coupled with physical model study results. In ultimate model, the location and
orientation of heads of training spurs should make an angle of 30 degree with the barrage
axis on either side or be based upon fresh model studies.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1-4
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* The mechanical components i.e., regulation gates and hoisting arrangements need
attention and rehabilitation and automation / modernization.
1.2.3 The Engineering Design
* Subsidiary Weir
To ensure structural stability of the existing barrage, a subsidiary gateless weir 1500 feet
downstream has been designed with crest level as 424 feet. An alternate site at 800
downstream is also being considered (see plate 1.1). This shall provide 8.0 feet cushion of
water over the existing stilling basin to take care of surface and sub-surface flow inadequacies.
Further, the cistern level has been proposed as RL 408.0 to match with the present
retrogressed bed levels. The upstream sheet pile level has been kept as RL 395.0 feet and the
downstream as RL 375.0 feet (see plate 1.2 and 1.3).
! -
! __ h - -- -m---
, ~~~~~~~~~~~ -
Plate 1.2: In order to mitigate the degenerative process in the river bed below the existing weir, a gatelessweir (sill), 4346 ft long, shall be constructed across the river. Initially it was proposed at site A, 1500 ftdownstream. Another option being considered is at site B, 800 ft downstream as seen from the left bank.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
B'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'-
Plate 1.3: In order to mitigate the degenerative process in the river bed below the existing weir, a gatelessweir (sill), 4346 ft long shall be constructed across the river. Initially it was proposed at site A, 1500'downstream. The option has now titled in favor of site B 800 downstream, as seen from the right bank
a Remodelingq of Right Pocket
Presently the right under sluice has four bays there is heavy silt charge/entry into Dera Ghazi
Khan Canal. As a consequence, the canal cannot be run to its authorized discharge with
normal pond level of RL 446.0 feet. A tunnel type silt excluder will be provided on the right
pocket to improve sediment entry into Dera Ghazi Khan Canal.
*Oblique River Approach
Extreme right handed approach of the river has always been vexing issue for the barrage
operators, as it generates multitude problem like heavy silt entry into the Dera Ghazi Khan
canal and oblique jets hamper dissipation of energy, thus worsening the condition in the stilling
basin.
* Mechanical Problems
The existing gate gearing system is manually operated and with the passage of time, the
operating conditions have gone bad to worse. It is very difficult to operate the gates especially
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 1-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
during floods owing to dented roller path, absence of roller guards and defective roller trains.
The modernization/rehabilitation of the mechanical components have been included in the
project.
Keeping in view the above hydraulic, structural and mechanical problems, the Irrigation and
Power (I&P) Department has commissioned a Joint Venture of Consultants comprising National
Development Consultants (NDC) Lahore (lead firm), and National Engineering Services
Pakistan (Pvt) Limited, (NESPAK), Lahore, in association with ATKINS, UK Consultants to
prepare designs, cost estimates, bidding documents and contract conditions for the subsidiary
weir and other allied structures. This detailed design is a part of the feasibility and detailed
design assignment. The construction shall later be awarded to successful contractors through
international competitive bidding (ICB). The Joint Venture is responsible for adequacy of the
design while the construction contractor shall be responsible for carrying out the works
according to the design/drawings and specifications approved by the Client and the donor
(World Bank has indicated intention to finance the Project) and while doing so the construction
contractor shall respect and implement all the mitigation measures identified in the
environmental management plan (EMP).
1.2.4 Implementation
Rehabilitation and Modernization Project (Taunsa Barrage) shall be sponsored by Government
of Punjab/Pakistan with financial assistance from the World Bank. Execution, operation and
management of the Project shall be responsibility of Government of the Punjab in Irrigation and
Power Department. Funds shall be channeled through the Public Sector Development
Programme (PSDP) of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The Project was cleared by the Punjab
Provincial Development Working Party (PDWP) on 21St April, 2003 for submission to CDWP.
For implementation the l&P Department has created a Project Management Organization
(PMO) headed by Unit Head, Project Manager who is assisted by a Supervision Consultants
and other required staff as per details given in the PC-I (see Organogram at Figure 8-1).
Initially, an Environment unit (EU) will be created within PMO for the Project implementation
period. After that the l&P Department will take over the operational phase and make
arrangement to carry on the function of EU.
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1.3 MAIN FEATURES OF PROPOSED PROJECT
Scope of the work for Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation and Modernization improvement works
include the following:
(i) To preserve and protect the designed capacity of Taunsa Barrage and extend its life by
constructing a sub-weir and other allied structures.
(ii) To improve and modernize the Operational capability of the barrage.
(iii) To ensure enhanced availability of canal water for future needs food and fiber
resources.
(iv) Improvement in system management.
(v) Financial sustainability of the system.
(vi) To mitigate adverse environmental impacts of the new interventions.
1.4 FIELD SURVEYS AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION
Surveys and consultations conducted in the process of preparing the EIA are summarized
below:-
* Reconnaissance Survey of Proiect Area
A preliminary survey was conducted in order to familiarize the EIA team with the physical and
socio-economic environment of the Project area and its vicinity.
* Field Surveys
Surveys were carried out in order to investigate physical, biological and socio-economic
resources falling within the immediate area of influence of the Project. Primary data collection
included:-
- Soil and physiography
- Ambient air quality at selected locations
- Traffic load and the noise generated by it at selected location along the road and railway
line passing over the barrage.
- Baseline water quality based on samples collected from various surface and ground
water sources along the river banks.
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Socio-economic profiles amongst the project affectees in the project vicinity. It was
noted that no land acquisition, resettlement or rehabilitation was involved in the project.
The environmental assessment was carried out according to following process.
Table 1.1
Environmental and Social Process
Phase Activities Condition Responsibility
Screening - Reconnaissance and initial site Done NESPAK, PM
visits, and consultations. and Consultant
- Identification of issues and
applicable safeguard policies
categorization and working out an
Action Plan
ESMP Women's Consultation Done PM
Preparation Consultant
Draft ESMP Done PM
Consultant
Draft SFA Done PM
Consultant
Communities
Disclosure and Disclosure of Draft ESMP and Pending till final Project
SFA SFA approval of the Management
Agreement Project Organization,
PM, Communities
Signing of SFA Pending till Project
commencement Management
of the Project Organization,
PM, Communities
Final ESMP Final version of ESMP produced Done PM, Consultant
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Implementation Monitoring and reporting on Will be done Project
and Monitoring environmental and social during Management
mitigation construction and Organization,
operation phase PM, RE, and
Communities
1.5 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
Three phased consultation programme was undertaken:
Phase 1: Consisted of meetings and discussion with local and regional officials.
Phase 2: It involved the undertaking of a programme of semi-structured discussions in
communities in the project area of influence. This included both community discussion and
discussion with women through village elders or women teachers.
Phase 3: Consisted of formal Public Hearing under Environmental Protection Act Section 12 at
a central place in the area of influence of the project (See details in Chapter 6).
1.6 WOMEN CONSULTATION
Taunsa Barrage is located in District Muzaffargarh, which is a conservative society where direct
access to women folk for social surveys like, this is not possible. Through the community elders
and women school teachers an access could be made to women in the selected localities who
would not like to get their names recorded. The women consultation was carried out according
to "Gender Issue Study" commissioned by the World Bank and is considered to be an essential
part of the project preparation.
The world Bank study and its objectives clearly overlap those required out of the current study,
which also include the Gender Impact Assessment (See details in Chapter 6).
1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESETTLEMENT ISSUES
The project activities include construction of subsidiary gateless weir (4346 long, 238 wide and
elevation RL 426) and some allied structure within the river. This will, of course, involve borrow
material, camping ground, material dumps and machinery yard. And the material and labour
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shall have to be carried to the construction site. In doing all these activities no private land or
property is involved anywhere. An old workshop site alongwith 46 acres of open land are
enough for labour camp, material storage and machinery yard. For carriage of material, the
existing metalled road supported by existing link roads from old workshop and roads on two
downstream bunds shall be adequate. The sub-weir and allied structure shall be constructed
within the river flow. So, no land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation is involved at any
stage of the project construction or operation. Also within this self contained project no serious
environmental adverse effects are anticipated. Therefore, no significant environmental and
resettlement issues exist in this project.
1.8 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 makes it mandatory for the project
components to carry out an environmental impact assessment (EIA) of development projects
and incorporate environmental and social mitigation action as part of project planning. The
status of projects regulatory clearance is outlined in Section 2.1. The National Environment
Quality Standards (NEQS) define the limits for pollutants in Air, Water and Soil from various
sources. Extending NEQS' to the air and water quality in project area is presently under
consideration. Although there are no land acquisition, resettlement or rehabilitation issues, yet it
is noteworthy that the Land Acquisition Act 1894, regulates the acquisition of lands and built up
property, and damage to other assets such as; crops, tees and infrastructure. The Resettlement
Policy (draft) of the Government of Pakistan, when finalized and promulgated, would address
the rehabilitation and resettlement of disrupted population and restoration of their livelihood,
providing a basis for managing the resettlement needs arising from any project.
1.9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND SAMPLING DESIGN
Although the main structure to be build is a gateless weir (a sill) to be constructed across the
river, yet it will require some support structures and will influence the entire flow of the river to
an extent that it is necessary to undertake the upstream and downstream study. For that
purpose the entire area of influence of the project was divided into following study areas:
1 ) The main gateless weir (sill) and the area between old structure and new weir (A).
2) The area downstream beyond the main weir (B)
3) The old barrage (C)
4) The game sanctuary above stream (D)
5) The upstream area and structures other than the sanctuary (E) (See Project Map at
Figure 3-1).
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Each area, being different from each other would require different methodology. However the
local variations in physiography soil and microclimate were accommodated through a multi-
stage stratified proportionate sampling and adequate number of samples from different strata
were obtained. The impact studied (as and where applicable) were the terrain, topography, rock
& soil, temperature, rainfall, hydrology, air quality, noise pollution, major land use, agriculture,
flora, fauna, livestock, cultural resources, and archaeological resources. The socio-economic
and cultural aspects included sociological characteristics of potential beneficiaries / affectees,
identification of vulnerable groups, ethnic population, poverty level, social organization and
access to social infrastructure including health, education and other social indicators prevalent
in the project area.
For each study area, the study was divided into stage as follows:
Table 1.2
Study Stage for various Study Area
Study Area Stage-I Stage-lI Stage-lIl
(A) Main Project Total length across Each study area On 12 spot data
the river divided into taken as a unit of was collected on
3 parts Right, study and preformed formats
Middle & Left (study observation taken at and processed
areas) 4 spot in each study
area
(B) Area The study areas In each study area 4 On 12 sport 4 on
Downstream included right bank, study spots were each bank and 4 in
beyond Sill left bank and the selected. Areas river data collected
river influenced by spurs and processed
given significance
(C) The Old Barrage The study area was Each study spot Open 3 spots the
Weir divided into (1) left was studied for flood level was
undersluice bays (2) flood level noted and recorded
Weir bays & lock
bay (3) Right
undersluice bays
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Study Area Stage-I Stage-lI Stage-lIl
(D) The Game The sanctuary was In each area data Data was compiled
Sanctuary divided into (1) river was recorded with and processed
(ii) forest area (iii) the help of transects
open areas and Quadrates
(E) Upstream Area The study area was In each point Data was compiled
above Game divided into (1) Main environment and and processed
Sanctuary weir(2) Embank- social data was
ments spur & open collected using left
areas (3) proposed transects and
structures quadrats
The data so collected for all the study areas was integrated together and was supplemented
with the secondary data whereas necessary.
1.10 THE STUDY OBJECTIVES
Specific objectives of the study can be identified as follows:
* Environmental and social assessment including the supporting administrative and legal
framework of Taunsa Barrage area.
* Baseline data on physical, biological and socio-economic conditions of the project area.
* Assessment of potential environmental and social impacts.
* Mitigation measures of potential environmental impacts.
* Institutional responsibilities and methods of monitoring the mitigation measures and
monitoring measures and monitoring procedures.
* Environmental Manage Plan (EMP).
1.11 THE REPORT STRUCTURE
This document is structured as follows:
Chapter 1: gives introduction and general information about the Project.
Chapter 2: describes the legislative and policy framework governing the project.
Chapter 3: gives an overall description of the Works to be undertaken under the Project.
Chapter 4: provides a general environmental and social baseline survey of the project area.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Chapter 5: analyses various alternatives to establish the feasibility of rehabilitation of the
barrage.
Chapter 6: Gives an account of public consultations.
Chapter 7: Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation of the adverse impacts has
been undertaken.
Chapter 8: contains a comprehensive Environmental Management Plan (EMP) alongwith
fixing institutional responsibilities. The report has three Annexes.
Annex 1: Questionnaire used for socio-economic study.
Annex 2: Draft Social Framework Agreement (SFA).
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Policy Legal and AdministrativeFramework
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2. POLICY LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
This section provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation that applies
to the proposed Project. The Project is expected to comply with all national legislation relating
to environment in Pakistan and to obtain all regulatory clearances required. The Project at the
same time conforms to the World Bank Operational manual 4.01.
2.1 NATIONAL POLICY AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (NCS) that was approved by federal cabinet\ in
March 1992 is the principal policy document on environment issues in the country. The NCS
outlines the country's primary approach towards encouraging sustainable development,
conserving natural resources and management of resources. The NCS has 68 specific
programmers in 14 core area in which policy intervention is considered crucial for preservation
of Pakistan's natural and physical environment. The core areas that are relevant in the context
of the proposed Project are pollution prevention and abatement, conserving biodiversity,
protecting the wildlife game sanctuary (which is also a RAMSAR site) and preservation of
cultural heritage.
Two organizations, Pakistan Environmental protections council (PEPC) and the Pakistan
Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) are primarily responsible for administering the
provisions of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. The PEPC oversees the
functioning of the Pak-EPA. Its members are representatives of the government, industry, non
governmental organization, and the private sector. The Pak-EPA is required to ensure
compliance with NEQS and established monitoring and evaluation system. As the primary
implementation agency in the hierarchy, it is responsible for identifying the need for, as well as,
inviting legislation whenever necessary. The Pak-EPA is also authorized to delegate powers to
its provincial counterparts, the provincial EPAS (environmental protection agencies) one of the
functions delegated by the Pak-EPA to provincial EPAS is the review and approval of
environmental assessment reports of projects undertaken in their respective jurisdictions.
2.2 THE PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT, 1997
The Pakistan Environmental Act, 1997, empowers the Pak-EPA to:-
* Delegate powers, including those of environmental assessment, to provincial EPAS
* Identify categories of projects to which the IEE/EIA provision will apply
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* Develop guidelines for conducting initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and EIAS and
procedures for the submission review and approval of the same.
* Develop environmental emission standard for various parameters such as air, water and
noise.
* Enforce the provision of the Act through environmental protection order and environmental
tribunals' headed by magistrates with wide ranging powers including the right to fine
violators of the Act.
Under the provision of 1997 Act, the Pak EPA has empowered four provincial EPAS to manage
the environmental concerns of their respective provinces. The provincial EPAS can frame
environmental regulations tailored to the requirements of their provinces, provided these
regulations meet or exceed the minimum standards set by EPA. They are also required to
review and approve EIAS of all development projects undertaken in their respective provinces,
including those projects implemented by federal agencies.
2.3 REGULATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Under section 12 (and subsequent amendment) of 1997 Act, a Project falling under any
category specified in schedule I (SRD 339, 10/2000), requires proponent to file an IEE with
concerned federal agency (Pak-EPA). Projects falling under any category specified in schedule
11 require the proponent to file an EIA with the federal agency. Within ten working days of the
IEE or EIA having been deposited the federal agency will confirm that the document submitted
is complete for the purpose of review. During this time should the federal agency require the
proponents for revision, clearly citing those aspects that need further discussion. Subsequently,
the federal agency shall make every effort to complete IEE review within 45 days and an EIA
within 90 days of filing.
Pak-EPA regulation (SRO 339(1)/2000) states that an IEE is required for federal or provincial
projects (expect in case of maintenance, rebuilding or reconstruction of existing structure) with
a total cost of less than 4.50 million. An EIA, on the other hand is required for federal or
provincial projects (except in the case of maintenance, rebuilding, or reconstruction case) with a
total cost of Rs 50 million or more. EIAS are also required in cases where projects are to be
implemented in environmentally sensitive areas, or are likely to cause adverse environmental
affects.
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Recognizing that the Pak-EPA has delegated powers to provincial EPAS to enforce the
provision of 1997 Act, an EIA must be submitted to the provincial agencies in whose jurisdiction
the project falls which in this case is the Punjab Environmental Protection Agency, At the time
of application, the Project proponent is also required to pay a specified fee to the concerned
EPA.
2.4 GUIDE LINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Pak-EPA has published environmental guidelines for preparation and review of environmental
reports which includes the nature of information to be included in the projects. The guidelines
have been duly followed while preparing this report.
2.5 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS) 2000
The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) 2000 specify the following standards:
* Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants, (32 parameters) in emission and liquid
industrial effluents discharged to inland water.
* Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseous emission
* Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants, (two parameters) in gaseous emission from
vehicle exhaust and noise emission from vehicles
* Maximum allowable noise level from vehicles
These standards apply to the gaseous emission and liquid effluents discharged by batching
plants, campsite and construction machinery. The standards for vehicle will apply during the
construction as well as operation phase of the project. Precise standards for air quality are still
awaited.
2.6 INTERACTION WITH OTHER AGENCIES
Irrigation and Power Department, Government of Punjab, is responsible for ensuring that the
Project complies with laws and regulations controlling the environmental concerns of Barrage
construction and operation and that all preconstruction requisites are met. This section
describes the nature of relationship between Irrigation and Power Department and concerned
line agencies.
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* Federal and Provincial EPAS
The Irrigation and Power Department will be responsible for providing complete environmental
documentation required by Pak-EPA and provincial EPAS and remain committed to the
approved project design. No deviation is permitted during Project implementation without the
prior and explicit permission of the EPA Punjab.
* Provincial Departments of Forests and Wildlife
It is expected that project implementation will not require any major clearance of the vegetation
and trees within the Project area. Should it become necessary at my stage the Project
contractor will be responsible for obtaining a "No-objection certificate" (NOC) from the Forest
Department. The application for an NOC will need to be endorsed by l&P Department. Since
the Construction will take place in close proximity to a wildlife sanctuary (which is also a
RAMSAR site, the Irrigation and Power Department is required to coordinate with the Wildlife
Department to ensure that impacts on vegetation and wildlife are minimal.
* Provincial Revenue Departments
Under the national law, matters relating to land use and ownership are provincial subjects and
the Revenue Department Punjab is empowered to carry out acquisition of private land or built
up property for the public purpose. Since no land acquisition, settlement or rehabilitation is
required in the instant case the Irrigation and Power Department shall not have to move any
application to the revenue department in this regard.
* Local Government and Municipalities
If some resettlement, removal of any environmental hazard or any source of congestion or
pollution is involved it becomes necessary to contact the local government or Municipalities
Since no such matter exists in this project, so the l&P Department shall not be required to
correspond with the local Government and Municipalities in this regard.
2.7 OTHER ENVIRONMENT-RELATED STATUTES
This section outlines statutes, other than Pakistan Environment Protection Act, 1997, which are
relevant to the Project.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* The Constitution of Pakistan 1973
It confers concurrent legislative powers to federation and provinces to legislate in respect of
environment and ecology (Article 142(b), Clause 24). Any gaps in the environmental law can be
referred to Punjab Assembly for passage of an appropriate law.
* Pakistan Penal Code (PPC)
It treats pollution and destruction of ecology as a mischief and makes it a public offence, The
PPC further prohibits corrupting and fouling of water, any public spring, reservoir or river or
rendering it less fit for the purpose for which it is ordinarily used.
* Canal Drainage Act 1973
This Act binds the public water users to restore the environment of the water bodies, users be it
the communities, individuals, industries or a government concern.
Pubic Local Government Ordinance 1979
This empowers Zilla council to control environmental pollution by preparing and implementing
appropriate schemes to protect air, water and land.
* The West Pakistan Fisheries Act 1961
The Fisheries Act requires protection of public waters as habitat of fish and other aquatic life.
This is helping the Fisheries Department to provide effective protection to the fish and other
aquatic life in the game Sanctuary upstream the barrage and the public waters downstream the
barrage. Fish is a food to a good number of migratory birds.
The Puniab Wildlife (Protection. Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act
1974
This Act provides full protection to all the listed wildlife species and their habitats, such as
Taunsa wildlife Sanctuary (which is also a RAMSAP site).
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* The Forest Act 1927
This provides full protection to the Reserved Forests, Protected Forests as well as the wildlife
sanctuaries, such as a Taunsa Barrage pond area (which is also a RAMSAP site).
* The Antiquities Act 1975
This provides full protection and safety to archives, monuments, cultural heritage or chance
finds.
* The Public Health (Emergency Provision) Act 1954 read with West Pakistan EDidemic
Control Act 1958
These two laws cover the presentation and spread of human diseases, safeguarding the public
health and providing and maintaining adequate medical services and other services essential to
the health of the communities in the project area.
* Explosives Act 1884
Under the Explosives Act 1884, the Project Contractors are bound by regulation on properly
and securely handling, transporting and using explosive during quarrying, blasting and other
purposes.
2.8 AGREEMENTS, PROTOCOLS AND UNDERSTANDIIGNS AT INTERNATIONAL
LEVEL
On international level, Pakistan is a signatory to a number of agreements, protocols and
understandings. Some of those are as follows:
* Convention on Biological Diversity
This Convention was held at Rio-de-Janeiro, also called the "Earth Summit" makes it obligatory
for all signatories to respect, protect and conserve environment of the earth, especially while
undertaking and operating new development Projects.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Convention on wetlands of international importance. esDeciallv as Waterfowl Habitat
(RAMSAR 1971)
Taunsa is a RAMSAR site for waterfowls and Pakistan is signatory to the RAMSAR convention.
This Convention enjoins upon signatory factions to provide and protect the habitats of migratory
waterfowl. Accordingly Taunsa water reservoir was declared as a wildlife sanctuary. Irrigation
and Power Department requested Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Punjab to issue No
Objection Certificate (NOC) in consultation with Public, the wildlife Department and the
Fisheries Department. Since the construction of the sub weir and all the allied activities shall
take place downstream the main barrage, it will fall outside the RAMSAR site as well as the
wildlife sanctuary. The EPA has issued the NOC (Sea Annex-IV).
* Convention on Conservation of Migratory species of Wild Animals (Bonn 1979), as a
follow uP to RAMSAR 1971
This convention came up as a follow up to RAMSAR 1971 and took care of the specifics.
2.9 FIDIC CLAUSE
Keeping in view the national laws and international obligations, specific steps are taken to
mitigate the adverse impacts, while processing the detailed design, tender document and
carrying out the monitoring and evaluation of the work of the contractor. Following FIDIC
clauses are invariably provided in a standard construction contract like that of Taunsa Barrage
Rehabilitation Project.
Table 2.1
Essential FIDIC Clause to be included in the Tender Documents and Contractors
FIDIC Clause Environmental Issues
8.2 Site operation and methods of construction
19.1 Safety, security of environment in general (including Biota)
27.1 Fossils
42.1 Possession of site and access thereto (for life forms)
42.3 Right of ways and facilities in the Project area
The Irrigation and Power Department will ensure that the above FIDIC clauses are
appropriately reflected in the Tender document as well as the contractor.
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3Project Description
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3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 CONTEXT
Taunsa Barrage was constructed over a period of five years (1953-1958) Indus River at a
suitable site about 15 Km from Kot Addu. It takes its name from a town named Taunsa situated
about 30 Km upstream from the barrage site. Over past 50 years, the Barrage has facilitated an
efficient flow of irrigation water in three major canals; Muzaffargarh Canal (Discharge 8,300
cusecs), Dera Ghazi Khan Canal (Discharge 8,900 cusecs) and Taunsa-Panjnad (T-P) Link
Canal (Discharge 12,000 cusecs) supply some 6 million acre feet of irrigation water to the
cultivated lands in Districts of Muzaffargarh, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur, Rahim Yar Khan and
Bahawalpur, during "Rabi" as well as "Kharif' season. Barrage Engineers opine that ordinarily
the Barrages like Taunsa have an efficient "life" of about 50 years beyond which some old age
symptoms start showing up. The major problem has been caused by the inadequacy of the tail
water rating curve the extent of turbulence, for the barrage site. The canals taking off from
Taunsa Barrage being economic arteries for the area, the option of a damaged or dysfunctional
model is not acceptable. It is not possible to replace the structure with a new one in view of
financial constrains.
In fact, due to resource limitations and financial constraints, Taunsa Barrage has suffered from
inherent design and construction inadequacies. Damage to this gigantic hydraulic structure
were noticed just after its commissioning. In 1959 impact blocks (41) in Bay 39, 40 and 47 were
uprooted. Perpetual damages had been occurring in subsequent years and repairs carried out
according to the need and safe functioning of the structure on interim basis. The main problem
has been the tail water rating curve the extent of turbulence for the barrage site, which formed
the basis of its design, and which erred on the unsafe side. It led to retrogression of the
downstream much more than it was assumed. The downstream floor level was lowered by 2
feet i.e., from RL 418 (original design) to RL 416 (as constructed) but it was not enough to
match the actually obtained water level, thus resulting in an inbuilt inadequacy of tail water
depth causing further excessive retrogression. Hydraulic researchers have reported that the
adverse effects of the retrogression experienced on Taunsa Barrage are pulsating hydraulic
jump, damage to friction blocks, reduction in the discharge capacity of the Barrage, excessive
exit gradient and increased risk of piping failure through undermining.
The best option, therefore, is to lengthen the life of the Barrage by another 50 years by
modernizing the mechanism of the gate system and to mitigate if not eliminate, the erosion
process in the River bed, below the existing weir by constructing a 4,346 feet long gateless
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
weir, across the River, 800-1500 of feet from the base of the existing weir. The gateless weir
will cause partial blockage of water and by creation of a relatively static block of water the water
flow will come near the surface and the water will spill over the gateless weir and continue
flowing downstream. This EIA pertains to the construction at the gateless weir as explained
above.
3.2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DIMENSIONS
Taunsa Barrage, built over River Indus is located at 300 31 N and 700 51 E in the south-west
part of the Punjab in Tehsil Kot Adu of District Muzaffargarh. An arterial road linking western
part of the Province also crosses over the Barrage besides a rail link for Quetta and Karachi
and a sui gas main pipe line (See plates 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5).
, t ,. '~~~~~~-.f ,,
Plate 3.1: Taunsa Barrage built over River Indus, is located at 300 31 N and 700 51 E in south westernpart of Punjab, in Tehsil Kot Adu, District Muzaffargarh.
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Plate 3.2: An arterial road linking western part of the Punjab crosses over the barrage. A section of theroad, coming from Kot Addu and leading to Taunsa, which will also be used as communication line formen, materials and machinery during construction phase of the project.
ME
Plate 3.3: Kot Adu-Taunsa Road and Rail link for Karachi and Quetta enter the Taunsa barrage bridgeas the Muzaffargarh canal (extreme left, part visible) leaves the headworks. Also passing over the bridgeare the gas pipeline and oil pipe line which being underground in the area shown in the photograph arenot visible.
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Plate 3.4: Road crossing over the bridge at Taunsa Barrage over which 600-700 vehicles of different typespass per day producing around 52,000 decibels of noise.
-~ ~ ~ ~~4 r
~~-....J= ZW
:~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 9
Plate 3.5: Railway line passing over the Taunsa Barrage. Daily 4 passenger trains (2 up and 2 down) passover the railway bridge. To ensure that the track on the bridge does not get blocked as a rule the train
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drivers have to ensure before passing over the bridge that the train, including its engine, is in perfectrunning order.
Plate 3.6: Road, Railway line and Gas pipeline passing over the Taunsa Barrage. The gas pipeline isunder the right edge of the road bridge.
The proposed project is a 4,346 feet sill or a subsidiary weir 800-1,500 feet downstream has
been proposed with crest level as 424.00 feet. This shall provide 8.00 feet cushion of water
over the existing stilling basin to take care of the surface and sub-surface flow inadequacies.
Further, the cistern level has been proposed as RL 408.0 feet to match with the present
retrogressed bed level. The upstream sheet pile level has been kept at 395.0 feet and the
downstream as RL 375.0 feet. Alongwith this main structure, remodeling of right pocket,
deflection spur for correction of the oblique river approach and undertaking of some mechanical
works has been included in the Project (See Figure 3-1 for elevation of the weir).
3.3 MAIN FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
The Taunsa barrage has a designed capacity of 1 000,000 cusecs. It comprises:
* Seven (7) left under sluice bays (Span 60 ft each)
* Four (4) right under sluice bays (Span 60 ft each)
* Fifty three (53) main weir bays (Span 60 ft each)
* Fish ladders of 1 1 ft span on left and right flanks.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Navigation bays of 22 ft span.
* Upstream and downstream impervious floors of concrete and with raised crest in
between.
* Upstream and downstream store protection.
* Concrete abutments on left and right sides with U/S and D/S flares out walls of RCC.
* Head regulators of Muzaffargarth Canal (8285 cusecs), on left bank.
* T.P. Link Canal (12,000 cusecs), on left bank.
* D.G. Khan Canal (14,200 cusecs) taking off from right flank.
* Rail and Road Bridges.
* Gates and hoist foe control of river supplies and regulation of flows in the canals.
* Facilities foe crossing two 16 inches diameter oil and gas pipelines, telephone line and
EHV transmission line.
(See plates 3.1 to 3.6)
3.4 FIELD INVESTIGATION
Field investigations depict the following picture: -
* River oblique approach:
River approach remains persistently right handed and flow patterns do not change with
variation in discharge this has been necessitating deviation this has been wedge type
regulation.
* Downstream Right under sluice area developing cavities
There are voids in sub surface interpreted depth of cavities/solution channels varies from 9
to 13 ft. from general surface and width varies from 5 to 8 ft.
* Downstream Main Weir Area developing Cavities
There are voids in the subsurface with interpreted depth varying from 6 to 1Oft. indicating
presence of voids/cavities within and just below concrete mass.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
! Downstream Left under sluice Area developing Weak Zones and Cavities:
Cavities have been observed in bays # 2,3,4 and 5. Drilling has confirmed presence of large
cavities and crack, in concrete mass. Gravity surveys show better sub-surface condition in
bays # 6+7.
* Pressure Pipes and uplift pressure
Pressure pipes are malfunctioning and are unreliable.
* Bridge on Taunsa Barrage and Canal Head Regulators
The bridges on barrage and canals head regulations are safe for class A, NLC and 70 Ton
Tank loadings.
* Sub-Surface Condition
General investigations for foundation alluvium indicate that there are locations where
separation loose contact of downstream floor with the foundation alluvium or even cavities
can be expected.
* Downstream Flow Conditions
Downstream the Taunsa Barrage, there has been exercise retrogression of the riverbed
downstream of basin, which has caused serious drop in the tail water level (the end part of
the high velocity flow coming out of the under sluice bay). As a result, the stilling basin (the
area where energy of falling water is dissipated) has been rendered shorter than required
and its floor level higher than required, and hence the energy dissipation is incomplete. The
tail water level needs to be restored to original values for which the stilling basin was
designed.
* Physical Health of Barrage Components:
The barrage has been suffering from serious hydraulic problems ever since its construction.
Added to that are the above-enumerated problems. Cumulatively all these factors have
caused structural inadequacy and deteriorated stilling basin and down stream left sidewall
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
has flared out. Causing repeated settlement in the back fill due to open joints between
concrete blocks and absence of proper filter behind the wall with into provision of pressure
release.
3.5 MAIN FEATURES
Salient features of the Taunsa Barrage are summarized as follows:
* Maximum flood discharge (designed) =1,000,000 Cusecs
* Maximum flood level = 446.00
* Highest flood level U/S and emergency pond level = 447.00
* Highest flood level D/S = 444.00
* Right under sluice (bays No. 62 to 65) = 4 No. 60ft span each
* Weir (bays No. 9 to 61) = 53 No of 60ft span each
* Navigation block Channel (bay No. 8) = 1 No. 22ft. span
* Fish ladders = 2 No. 22ft. span
* Width of pier and divide wall = 7ft. each
* Total width between flanks = 4346 ft
* Crest RL in under sluice bays and navigation bay = 425.0 ft
* Crest RL in weir bay = 428.0 ft
* U/S floor RL in under sluice = 429.0 ft
* U/S floor RL in weir = 421.0 ft
* D/S floor RL in under sluice = 415.0 ft
* D/S floor RL in weir = 416.0 ft
* Depth of sheet piles
i. U/S = 15ft
ii. Middle (toe of glacis) = 15ft
iii. End of floor = 20 ft
* Total length of impervious floor
i. Under sluice bay = 238 ft
ii. Weir bay = 233 ft
* No of presence pipes installed/planned = 541/579
* Road bridge (width for wheeled traffic) = 24 ft
(width of foot paths on L+R) = 6 ft. each
* Top RL of bridge = 457.00
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Bottom RL of bridge = 452.00
* Top RL of decking of overhead regulating bridge = 500.00
* Crest RL of off taking canals = 433.00
* FLS in the canals = 444.00
* Number of canal bay
i. Muzaffargarth Canal = 5 No. of 24ft span each
ii. D.G. Khan Canal = 7 No. of 24ft span each
iii. T. P. Link Canal = 7 No. of 24ft span each
* D/S floor RL in Canal
i. Muzaffargarth Canal = 430.15
ii. D.G. Khan Canal = 432.28
iii. T. P. Link Canal = 428.16
* Length of left marginal bund 134,700 ft
* New gateless weir proposed Length = 4346 ft
Width = 238 ft
RL Crest =426 ft
Distance from
main Barrage =800 ft - 1500 ft
SPECIAL FEATURES
Taunsa Barrage is not only a conventional barrage; it is a multipurpose complex providing
following services:
Irrigation facilities to 2.35 million acres (951,400 hectors) in Muzaffargarth, D.G. khan
and Rajanpur Districts and lower reaches of Rangpur Canal command areas.
ii. Converting inundation Canal systems into weir regulated irrigation system.
iii. Accommodates rail-road crossing for district link between Kot Adu on the left bank
and Kashmore and on the right bank of Indus River thus providing a continuous rail
road from Attock to Kotri on the right (western) bank of Indus River.
iv. Accommodates a class 70/AA loading Arterial Road Bridge.
v. Accommodates a 16 dia high-pressure pipeline owned by PARCO for conveying
petroleum flows from Karachi to upcountry storage at Mahmood Kot Terminal.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-9
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
vi. Accommodates a 16 dia pressure (1200 psi) gas pipeline owned by Sui Northern
Pipe Lines Ltd (SNGPL) providing upcountry link for Dhodhak Gas Field.
vii. Facilities a telephone line and EHV transmission line crossings.
viii. Feeds the T.P. link canal to supplement supplies required at Panjnad Headworks for
Panjnad and Abbasia Canal System.
CANAL SYSTEM
* Main Features of Canals at Head,
Canal Design Discharge (Cusecs) Bottom width (feet) Water depth (feet)
Muzaffargarth 8,282 200 11.8
D.G. Khan 14,200 Including Dajal 260 12.0
TP link 12,000 Maximum capacity 14,000 260 12.2
* Canal length (canal miles)
Total length of main canals, branches, feeders Canal and T.P. link canal miles (535 km) and
that of distributaries and minor in 1480 canal miles (2,255) as shown below: -
Particulars Muzaffargarth D.G. Khan T.P. link Total
i. Main Canal 74.0 69.0 10.2 183.2
ii. Branches 81.5 78.4 159.9
iii. Feeder canal 8.3 8.3
Sub Total of 155.5 155.7 40.2 351.4
(i) + (ii) + (iii) = A
iv. Distributaries 518.3 864.3 1382.6
v. Minors 9.6 87.9 97.6
Sub Total of 527.9 952.2 1480.1
(iv) + (v) = B
Total length of 683.4 1107.9 40.2 1831.5
channels A+B
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* One silt ector on Muzaffargarth canal at RD 4,418 and the other at D.G. Khan canal
at RD 20,800 were originally provided for extracting substantial quantity of silt from
the two canals. The ejector on D.G. Khan Canal after running for a few reasons lost
its function because of choking of it, outfall channel, which was about 18 miles (27
Kms) long. Need for another silt of ejector at better location was therefore felt. On
recommendation of Irrigation Research institute (IRI) the second sit ejector was
constructed in 1974 at RD 7,500.
* Twenty (20) cross drawings structures; Sixteen (16) syphons three (3) super passage
and one siphon aqueduct are provided on D.G. Khan canal to safely pass flood water
of hill torresits under/over the mountains. Discharge of torrents at canal crossing sites
range from 200 to 4000 cusecs.
3.6 WORKS AND MATERIALS
3.6.1 Estimated Quantities of Material
Sr.No. Item Quantities
01. Earthwork excavation in foundation of building, bridge, etc., in 34.956.902 cft.
ordinary soil
02. Extra earthwork for Slush 4,859,000 cft.
03. Driving steel piles 240,864 sft.
04. Supply of steel sheet piles 2,890 tons
05. Supplying and Filling sand under floor or plugging in walls 13,564,029 cft.
06. Reinforcement cement concrete (1:1-1/2:3) in raft / strip 6,741,162 cft.
formation etc.
07. Reinforced cement concrete (1:1-1/2:3) in slabs, columns and 252,569 cft.
beams
08. Fabrication of miled steel reinforcement (Deformed Bar) 164,676 cwt.
09. Precast cement concrete solid or face blocks (1:2:4) including 818,768 cft.
templates
10. Cement concrete plain (1:3:6) 184,640 cft.
11. Extra work for weir, rail, etc. 1,255,977 cft.
12. Providing and laying shingle (for inverted filter). 217,300 cft.
13. Providing and laying stone filling dry hand packed as filling 104,304 cft.
behind retaining walls or pitching in apron
14. Supply and filling stone in wire crates including serving crates 4,085,200 cft.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Item Quantities
15. Providing and wearing G.l. wire netting for G.I. wire crates 8,528,754 sft.
16. Providing and laying stones pitching for top layers only on 255,758 cft.
slope
17. Providing and laying stone or spawl filling on slope 137,738 cft.
18. Carriage of stone from Sakhi Sarwar to site of 5,270,402 cft.
19. Extra carriage of stone from stock to site 4,493,720 cft.
20. Supply and filling new jute bags 4-5 feet capacity with 3,782,625 Nos
sand/earth serving and laying in position under water
21. Carriage of jute bags 4-5 cft. Capacity filled with sand or earth 3,782,625 Nos
22. Earthwork excavation from outside borrow pits at distance of 5 45,532,478 cft.
miles
23. Compaction of earthwork with power road roller including 11,440,000 cft.
ploughing, mixing, moistening earth to optimum moisture
contents in layers
Extra for re-handling of earth lead 1500 feet 37,943,732 cft.
24.
25. Extra for puddling of earth 37,943,732 cft.
26. Lowering sub-surface water level 15,890 m.cft.
27. Light arrangements 1,080 Nights
28. Providing and laying, cutting, jointing, testing G.l.pipes 2 " dia 92,640 Rft.
29. Filter/Strainer 8,685 Rft.
3.6.2 Raw Material Availability
Sr.No. Raw Material Availability Source
01. Borrow Material/Earth Available locally within 5 miles radius
02. General and Stone/Shingle Available at 70 miles (Sakhi Sarwar)
03. Aggregate Available 70 miles away
04. Sand Available Locally
05. Clean Water for Specific Uses Available Locally
06. Other Water for Compaction, etc. Available Locally
07. Rip-rap and other purpose stone Available 7 miles away
08. Reinforcing Bars Available in regional market
09. G.l. Pipes Available in regional market
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-12
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
10. Cement Available in regional market
11. Steel Beam Available in regional market
12. Steel Rail Available in regional market
13. Fuels Available locally / regionally
14. Bricks Available locally / regionally
15. Steel Piles Available in the regional market
16. Steel Sheet Piles Available in the regional market
17. Jute Bags Available locally / regionally
3.7 SCOPE OF IMPROVEMENT WORKS
3.7.1 Proposed Improvements
* To ensure structural stability of existing barrage, construction of a subsidy weir 1500 feet
downstream to provide a cushion water and shall mitigate the effect of hydraulic jump.
* To improve the system to an extent that all canals, particularly the Dera Ghazi Khan Canal
runs at full capacity.
Extreme right handed approach of the river improved.
3.7.2 Design Criteria
* Subsidiary gateless weir
Location: 800-1500 feet downstream, providing 8 feet cushion of water. Cistern level proposed
at RL 408 to match with the present retrogression. The upstream sheet pile at RL 395 feet and
downstream as RL 375 feet.
* Remodelling of Right Pocket
Right undersluice has 4 bays and its divide wall is of shorter length. Three more bays to be
added.
* Mechanical Problems
Gate gearing system to be made electronic.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-13
I
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
3.8 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
The total programme shall span over about 48 month.
1. Feasibility, Design & Contracts : 15 months
2. Construction Work 42 months
3. Adjustment Time : 03 months
Total 60 months
The above schedule is subject to following conditions:
(i) The PC-I is cleared by CDWP and EAD
(ii) Funds are released well in time
(iii) A well set Project. Monitoring Plan is included in the Project Plan
3.9 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS
3.9.1 Labour Camps
It has been estimate that following shall be the nominal requirements for various classes of
workers/Labour.
1. Skilled Workers = 200
2. Semiskilled = 300
3. Unskilled = 1500
Total = 2000
(Also see table 6.4)
At least 70% of the labour shall have to accommodated on the labour camp established by the
contractor. Other 30% of the labour will come and go to their nearby homes. Preferably all
unskilled labour shall be employed locally but most of them will like to avail free facility at the
camp.
An old workshop located on the left bank at a distance of 1 km from the main road and 4 Km
from the work site has been proposed as the labour camp. The accommodation can be
arranged by repairing the existing workshop buildings, and if required, partly by constructing
temporary hutments on adjacent open land owned by Irrigation & Power Department. An old
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
mosque and a dispensary already exist nearby. Other facilities can be provided by the
contractors which may also include daily sprinkling of water on 1 km long kacha link road, a ban
on culting of trees, fence around the labour camp and providing hygienic environment to the
labour camp. Sub-soil water on the labour campsite is sweet and the site is not near any village.
The site can facilitate establishment of a field office for the Resident Engineer (RE) and his
Assistants, as well as the contractor. That would facilitate any easy command and control
system. (See plates 3.6, 3.8,3.7,3.9,3.11,3.12). Also see project map for logistics (Figure 3-2).
Plate 3.7: Old workshop of I&P Department is located close to the project site. This area will be used(after repairs) as Project Field Office, material depot and machinery yard.
NDC I NESPAK IATKINS 3-15
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Plate 3.8: An old platform near workshop which will be used as part of vehicle yard. The platform has, atthe far end, a maintenance bay which will help in washing vehicles from below. A tool store is also visibleon the left side of the platform. The facility is strategically located near the main gate of the old workshop.
1-.jI
Plate 3.9: The old workshop building needs heavy repairs before these can be used by Resident Engineeror the Contractor.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-16
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
s ....-- --* S
4cC
~~~~~~~~~~~w -
Plate 3.10: Site proposed for camp after repairs which will be a lot cheaper then constructing newbuildings of the required scale.
vw '-' S ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'nX Z
Plate 3.11: This building was once a mechanical engineering workshop. After repairs it can be restoredand used as such during construction by the contractor.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-17
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
r~~~~~~~~~~~M
-5-
Plate 3.12: Approach road to the old Workshop link the campus with Kot Adu Taunsa Road seen in plate3.2.
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ._4fi
~~~~~~~~.. t ' -*, -, _t. ; _- '1F-
Plate 3.13: Another approach road to the southern end of the camping area available for labour,
materials and yards.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-18
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
...
s_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~E
Plate 3.14: The left guide bank extends upto 1500 ft downstream. It will be used for conveying men,materials and machinery to the work base on the left bank.
3.9.2 Equipment and Machinery Yard
In order to cordon the weir and undersluice bays for creating water free conditions to repair,
rehabilitate and carry out new construction following equipment/machinery has been provided: -
* Floating balla Head = 6 No.
* Tug Boats = 2 No.
* Boats = 3 No.
* Crane 80 Ton capacity = 1 No.
* Construction of Jetty/Stockyard = 1 No.
* Trucks 30 Ton capacity = 8 No.
* Loader/Dumber = 8 No.
* Concrete mixers = 8 No.
* Pick ups single Cab = 8 No.
* Water sprinklers = 2 No.
* Water Tanks carriers = 4 No.
* Transport for Labours (Bus) = 1 No.
* Other equipment envisaged by the contractor
* Spare parts for the above machinery/equipment
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Adjacent to the old workshop, now proposed as a labour camp there is an Irrigation & Power
Department land, area 46 acres, part of which has been offered as an Equipment yard. The site
is easily accessible easily through the same link road which connects the labour camp to the
main road. Located in the open and away from any habitation, the yard is likely to cause
minimum environment impacts. The access road, however, may have to be graded, watered
and compacted from time to time to ensure a dust free by the machinery. If necessary
temporary sheds can be constructed, on the yard site, for keeping the machinery safe from the
weather effects. Being close to the labour camp and the command and control centre of the
field operations, security and supervision shall pose no problems (See plate 3.7, 3.110).
3.9.3 Material Depots
On part of 46 acres of Irrigation & Power Department land, as per mutual understanding to be
reached between the RE and the contractor, the contractor can be allowed to dump his
construction materials. As per convenience of the contractor, the mixing can be done within the
depot and then conveyed to the construction site, from where it can be conveyed to exact
construction point by conveyor belts or suction pipes. If such a practice is resorted to, it may
add additional load on the kacha link road from the camp site to the main road. For that an
additional provision can be made for good maintenance of the link road. Being close to the RE's
field office, the arrangement would facilitate an effective quality control and convenient
monitoring of the progress (see plate 3.1 1).
3.9.4 Work Bases
Two work bases have been proposed towards the ends of the two guide banks, downstream
the existing barrage. The left guide bank (see plate 3.13) ends near fishermen huts and the
right bank ends at a short distance from village Faqirwali. From main road, the roads on tops of
the guide bunds (after a little widening) shall be used to convey materials from main road to the
construction points. Both the work bases are located on Irrigation & Power land, and the roads
on top of the two guide bunds are also on the Irrigation & Power lands, so no social problem is
expected at any stage. Also the construction points shall be virtually delivery point for the mix
material, so no pollution is expected to be caused to the ambient air, water or land. Modification
and maintenance of the surface of the bunds shall have to be done to ensure a dust free use
during dry weather and mud free trafficability during rainy season. There are no permit or
temporary habitation along the route or near it or on the work place.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
3.9.5 Approaches to Work Site
The RE's office, contractors camp, the labour camp, machinery yard and material depot, shall
all be located in an around the abandoned workshop site and will also occupy part of Irrigation
& Power Department land located adjacent to the old workshop. From there the men,
machinery and materials shall be conveyed to the existing Kot Addu-Taunsa double lane
metalled road via 1 Km kacha road. After traveling on the metalled road for about 4 Km, a turn
along the left bank will lead to the work site at the end of a modified left guide bank. To reach
the work site on the right bank, the metalled road over the barrage shall lead to the turning point
on the right bank and then onto the work site on the right bank via the modified right guide
bank. These approaches are not likely to cause any significant environmental and social
problems for the construction programme.
3.10 ESTIMATED COST OF PROJECT
Estimate capital cost emprises the of the basic cost, escalation (price contingencies) at 4%
on local and 2% on foreign cost components per annum, and the interest during construction
at the rates of 14% and 3% for local and foreign cost component respectively. Basic cost
includes provisions for the estimated expenditures concerning the following main
components: -
I. Sub weir located 1500 feet downstream of existing barrage.
II. Silt excludes in the right pocket.
Ill. Strengthening of downstream floor and glacis of the existing stilling basin.
IV. Improvement on the existing river training walls and related model studies
Estimate capital cost of the project cross to Rs. 8232.22 million, which is composed of base
cost (Rs. 6154.80 million), physical contingencies (Rs. 184.64 million), price esealation (Rs.
434.72 million), taxes and duties (Rs. 504.84 million), interest during construction (Rs.
1253.22 million). Adequate provision has been made for certain market ancillary work such
as dewatering, model studies, vehicles and equipment, strengthening of existing barrage.
Taking the above quoted Feasibility figures as the closest estimate, the approximate cost of
the project can taken as Rs. 82,00.00 million. Cost weir this is a mega project for which a
comprehensive ESIA is estimate hence this study.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-21
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
3.11 THE PROJECT CATEGORY AS PER APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA
According to the World Bank Operational Manual OP 4.01 the Projects are Classified, for the
purpose of screening into one of the four categories; A, B, C and Fl, depending upon the type,
location, sensitivity and scale of the project and the nature and magnitude of its potential
environmental impacts. The proposed project aims at improving and modernizing the
operational capability of Taunsa Barrage so its impacts shall be essentially local though
irreversible. As per screening done according to the World Bank specification and as per criteria
of the Government of the Punjab (Pakistan), the Taunsa Barrage Project as a part of the
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation and Modernization Project qualifies to be classified as Category
"B" Project.
3.12 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Main objectives of Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project are as follows:
* To save the existing barrage structure and to run it at full design capacity, by
construction of a sill downstream.
* To improve and modernize the operational capability of the barrage.
* To ensure enhanced availability of canal water by running them at full capacity, leading
to enhancement in food and fiber crops.
* To cause improvement in System Management.
* Mitigate adverse environmental impacts of the new interventions.
By above quantities there shall be material interventions on the Project Site.
3.13 CONCLUSION
The proposed design fully secures the rehabilitation of old barrage. At the cost of only
rehabilitation, the advantages of a new barrage have been achieved. The physical life of the
old barrage, after rehabilitation and modernization shall be extended by another 50 years.
The design discharge is calculated at 1,000,000 (10 lac) cusecs to ensure that maximum
anticipated flood can pass which so far has not crossed 8 lac cusecs.
The highest pond level has been experienced twice over past 10 years and that was RL 448.
At that level there has been no damage or upsetness in the wildlife sanctuary or ecosystem
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-22
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
of the river upstream or downstream. The new design envisages to keep the pond level at
RL 446 by running the canals at their present capacity. At that level, the shoreline of the
pond will not change and no change will take place in the land water ratio in the habitate of
the wildlife sanctuary or the RAMSAR site. The pond level being at RL 446 during summer
as well as winter, the canals shall receive full design capacity during summer and drinking
water supply during winter. There is neither any increase in the crest level nor in the head
across or the upstream water level. The stated pupose of rehabilitation, to ensure the safety
of structure and not storage of more water shall be achieved.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 3-23
4Environmental and Social Baseline
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE
4.1 PROJECT AREA OF IMPACT (Aoi)
The area of project influence is referred to as "Area of Impact" (AOl); the area within the river
and in the immediate vicinity which will be impacted directly or indirectly by the project during
construction and operational phases. Although the major construction activities shall remain
restricted to the river corridor, yet the situation in which construction related activities will extend
beyond the river waters include:-
* The labour camp site, project and contractor's camps, equipment and machinery yards and
material depots.
* Borrowing sites for soil materials.
* Quarrying aggregate materials.
* Construction of haul tracks in order to transport construction material.
Aoi has been delineated on the Project Area Map at Figure 1-1.
As per geographical positioning, Taunsa Barrage is located on Indus River at 300 31 N and 700
51 E in the south-western part of Punjab in Tehsil Kot Addu of District Muzaffargarh. The
canals off-taking from this barrage irrigate three Districts namely; Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur
and Muzaffargarh, besides transferring water through Taunsa Panjnad Link for Rahim Yar
Khan District. Population of all these Districts is over 12 million with an area of 17,500 sq. miles
(44,800 sq. Kms). An arterial road linking eastern and western parts of the province also
crosses over the barrage besides a rail link for Quetta and Karachi and a natural gas pipeline
supplying gas to KAPCO and southern Punjab alongwith Kot Addu Thermal Power Station a
16 dia PARCO pipe line conveying pumped petroleum products from Karachi terminal to mid-
country storages at Mehmood Kot Terminal.
4.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.2.1 Geology
The project area consists of alluvial plains, fine to course grained soil and dominated with
deposits having calcareous nature. The part of the area lying on the western end comprises
piedmont plains of expanding type of clay, which form deep and wide cracks on drying.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-1
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
4.2.2 Physiography
The project area consists of the Indus River upstream and downstream Taunsa Barrage. The
area in the vicinity is situated in the active flood plains on either side of the Indus River. A part
of the area falling on the right bank is situated on the piedmont plains extending from Sulaiman
Range. The piedmont plains are dominated by alluvial fans developed along he torrents flowing
eastward down the mountains. On the contrary, the northern part of the left bank is mostly
covered with rolling sand plains/dunes and interdunal depressions. Considerable part of sandy
area is currently under cultivation.
4.2.3 Soil Type
The river bed and the flood plain soils are calcarious and contains variable amount of lime (3 to
16%). The electrical conductivity of saturation extract (ECE) of normal soils ranges from 0.4 to
3.9 ms/cm and for saline soils from 4.1 to 220 ms/cm. The pH of normal soils ranges from 7.9
to 8.4 and that of saline/sodic soils can be as high as 9.1. The soils are deficient in available
phosphorus and organic matter.
The soils of piedmont plains are clayey of an expending type, which form deep and wide cracks
on drying. All piedmont soils are moderately to strongly calcarious. The EC of normal soils
ranges from 0.9 to 3.4 ms/cm and for saline soils 4.6 to 300 ms/cm. The pH of normal soils
ranges from 7.4 to 8.1 and for saline soils 7.2 to 8.0.
4.2.4 Land Use
On an average, within the direct influence of the river and in the immediate vicinity of the project
area, 70% of the area is under agriculture, 10% under orchards and 20% is open forest scrub
cum grazing lands, as shown in Figure 4-1A.
/ penScrub, 20%.
Orc
Figure 4-1: Land use pattern inarea of influence (Aoi) of theproject
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-2
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
4.2.5 The River and Hydrologic Regime at Barrage
Mighty Indus flows through Taunsa Barrage displaying a hydrological regine given in para 3.5
ante. Linked with that are the following important features of the hydrological picture:
* Canal Regulators:
Dera Ghazi Khan Muzaffargarh Canal T-P Link Canal
No. of Bays Canal
Clear Span 7 5 7
24 24 24
Designed
Discharge 14,200 cusecs 8,285 cusecs 12,000 cusecs
* Flood Data Taunsa Barrage
Table 4.1
Flood Limits as used
Sr.No. Discharge in lacs (100,000) of cusecs Flood Status
01. Below 2.50 Normal (N)
02. 2.5 to 3.75 Low (L. F)
03. 3.75 to 5.00 Medium (M.F)
04. 5.00 to 6.50 High (H.F)
05. 6.50 to 8.50 Very High (V.H.F)
06. 8.5 to 10.00 Exceptionally High (E.H.F)
* Flood Data For Past 46 Years
Table 4.2
Date UIS D/S UIS DIS Flood
Pond Level Level Peak Peak Status
Discharge Discharge
1 2 3 4 5 6
21-07-1958 441.80 441.60 760,784 760,784 VHF
10-07-1959 440.50 437.30 518,000 518,000 HF
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-3
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Date UIS D/S UIS D/S Flood
Pond Level Level Peak Peak Status
Discharge Discharge
21-07-1960 444.00 437.30 515,687 509,300 HF
27-07-1961 443.00 433.20 476,374 476,374 MF
26-07-1962 444.00 431.88 340,113 330,613 LF
18-07-1963 444.00 431.45 368,631 354,813 LF
15-07-1964 443.00 432.60 504,340 502,340 HF
01-08-1965 443.00 432.80 438,257 438,257 MF
07-07-1966 446.00 434.48 516,118 516,118 HF
31-07-1967 446.00 432.70 471,136 457,053 MF
18-07-1968 446.00 432.05 446,609 431,179 MF
30-07-1969 446.00 431.70 471,705 464,705 MF
08-07-1970 446.00 430.70 384,614 368,304 LF
13-08-1971 446.00 430.35 406,691 392,891 MF
02-07-1972 445.26 430.50 399,450 371,212 LF
23-071973 447.00 432.60 570,087 567,627 LF
31-08-1974 446.25 431.50 376,941 368,941 LF
26-08-1975 446.00 432.55 524,495 524,495 HF
07-08-1976 445.00 433.60 677,105 675,233 VHF
21-07-1977 445.50 433.60 459,748 443,348 MF
14-07-1978 446.00 431.25 509,922 508,402 HF
08-08-1979 446.50 430.50 398,069 388,069 LF
13-08-1980 448.80 431.85 435,133 425,233 MF
17-08-1981 446.20 430.90 402,391 392,091 MF
21-08-1982 447.00 432.00 391,899 375,499 MF
10-08-1983 447.50 434.10 504,189 502,189 HF
20-08-1984 446.80 434.50 512,194 509,694 HF
04-08-1985 446.50 433.75 318,690 306,680 LF
10-08-1986 447.50 435.20 512,769 505,069 HF
26-08-1987 446.50 432.60 329,204 313,204 LF
21-07-1988 446.50 435.40 583,416 580,916 HF
05-08-1989 447.00 434.40 560,630 558,630 HF
02-08-1990 446.90 434.30 517,652 502,152 HF
08-07-1991 445.00 432.00 434,147 422,947 MF
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-4
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Date UIS D1S UIS DIS Flood
Pond Level Level Peak Peak Status
Discharge Discharge
14-09-1992 446.00 434.70 655,879 654,579 HF
28-07-1993 446.00 432.50 305,302 381,302 MF
19-07-1994 444.00 436.70 574,602 574,602 HF
30-07-1995 446.00 434.70 611,937 611,939 HF
20-08-1996 448.00 432.30 521,708 518,208 HF
30-08-1997 447.00 432.50 536,199 534,199 HF
18-07-1998 447.00 431.50 528,843 519,881 HF
06-08-1999 447.00 430.70 404,525 382,925 MF
05-08-2000 447.40 429.40 227,605 209,405 N
27-07-2001 445.60 430.30 281,873 281,873 LF
17-08-2002 447.00 429.30 335,166 306,605 . LF
07-08-2003 447.00 430.90 431,277 421,177 MF
* Monthly Hydrocraphy
Hydrography for 5 years depicts the month wise river behavior from your 1999 to year 2003 as
detailed below: -
Figure 4.2 The Hydrograph chows the U/S water level for the year 1999. Maximum level
(447) is seen in May to October period. June to August is the period
experiencing maximum flood level at RL 447, while and December and
January are the months with the lowest water level at RL 429-430.
Figure 4.3 The Hydrograph shows the U/S water levels for the year 2000. Maximum level
(447.7) is seen in July and August. The hydrograph almost floolows the picture
of the previous year 1999 i.e. June to August is the period with highest flood
level, while December and Juanyar are the months with lowest flood level.
Figure 4.4 The Hydrograph shows the U/S water levels for the year 2001. Maximum level
(447.7 - 447.6) s seen in June to September period. It is a year with higher
temperature range and higher rainfall. The high flood started from May and
continued upto September.
Figure 4.5 The Hydrograph shows the U/S water levels for the year 2002. Maximum level
(448) is seen in July and August. Year 2002 has followed the pattern of 2001.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Figure 4.6 The Hydrograph shows the U/S water levels for the year 2003. Maximum level
(448) is seen in June-September. Year 2003 is expceptionally hot year when
the rainfall was early and the snow related speedily. High flood level
experience from Maarch to October.
Figure 4.7 The Hydrograph present a consolidated level picture of five years: 1999-2003.
Figure 4.8 The Hydrograph gives a month wise comparison of levels over five years
1999-2003. High flood levels seen from June to August.
Figure 4.9 The Hydrography showing month wise combined Head across 1999-2003.
See the minimum notch downwards in December, January and February
while rest of year shows upwards trend and higher flood are in May to August
period.
4.2.6 Water Resource for the Vicinity Area
* Surface Water
Main surface water for the fishermen hamlets and nearby villages is the Indus River itself which
has an average discharge of 500,000 cusecs. Taunsa Barrage was basically designed to
handle waters upto 1,000,000 cusecs. So, the quantity of water flowing through the gates of
weir has never caused any problem regarding discharge. But some other problems are
retrogression, oblique river approach to the barrage and deficient thickness of downstream floor
and damage to glacis. (See plate 4.1)
Major use of the surface water is irrigation. The irrigated area is served by three canal
commands namely Rajanpur, Muzaffargarh and Dera Ghazi Khan Canal. All three systems are
non-perennial having full supply factor at outlet heads as 4.87, 8.57 and 6.36 cusecs per 1000
acres of C.C.A. Generally, furrow and basin irrigation is practised in the area by gravity flow
supplemented with public and private tubewells in fresh ground water zone except on the right
side of Dera Ghazi Khan Canal where small size lift pumps have been installed by irrigators to
feed their high elevation lands along right bank of the canal.
A network of surface drainage system is functioning in both canal commands (Muzaffargarh
and Dera Ghazi Khan) having a length of 350 miles (896 Kms), besides vertical drainage
through public and private tubewells in saline zone and along T-P Link Canal.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Ground Water
Aquifer of the area adjacent to the project site is generally sweet and good for drinking as well
as irrigation purpose. Part of the area falling in Tehsils Rajanpur and Rojhan of District
Rajanpur under the command of Dera Ghazi Khan Canal is brackish and canal water is the
only source for drinking and irrigation in such areas. In Muzaffargarh District, command area of
Thal Branch of Muzaffargarh Canal also lies in brackish ground water.
4.2.7 Climate
The climate of the Project area can be characterized by extremely hot summer and scarce rain.
The evapotranspiration of the area being more than 50% of the precipitation the area falls in
arid zone. Following are some specific components of the climate:
* Temperature
Summer temperatures range between 460C and 270C while the winter temperature range
remains between 19°C and 5°C.
* Rainfall
Average annual rainfall is about 200 mm, 80% of which is in summer.
* Relative Humiditv
The area is arid so the relative humidity is never more than 50%. On the other hand the
evapotranspiration of the area is always more than 50%.
* Wind Velocity
Prevalent wind velocity is 15-30 Kmph. At times, during summers, it can get to 30-35 Kmph
creating dust storms and making air hazy and dusty.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
4.2.8 Ambient Quality of Environment
* Ambient Air Quality
The ambient air is sufficiently clean at present. Keeping in view the traffic levels, present and
expected, no significant change is anticipated in the air quality even after the completion of the
project. Table 4.3 shows the traffic count for one week and the average daily traffic of 656
vehicles is too small to be significant from air quality point of view. Air standards for Pakistan
have not yet been standardized but upto 5,000 vehicles per day are considered below the
critical level. However, the vibration effect of Trains within a short span of time is a matter of
concern. An innovative use of the traffic has been discovered by some industrious people.
Local people make use of typha leaves to make mats (locally called suff). Typha leaves are
places on the road for the traffic to pass over it and the leaves become soft and flex able for the
work. (See plate 4.14)
Table 4.3
Traffic Crossing Over Taunsa Barrage
Day Date and More 6-10 Busses Dallas Cars Trains Total
No. Day than wheels and and and
10 Trucks Pick- Small
wheels Ups Vehicles
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 29-05-2004 57 83 104 145 166 4 559
Friday
2 30-05-2004 67 97 118 186 150 4 622
Saturday
3 31-05-2004 74 97 125 183 163 4 646
Sunday
4 01-06-2004 74 109 147 207 180 4 721
Monday
5 02-06-2004 69 104 236 174 187 4 774
Tuesday
6 03-06-2004 68 96 138 193 170 4 669
Wednesday
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-8
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Day Date and More 6-10 Busses Dallas Cars Trains Total
No. Day than wheels and and and
10 Trucks Pick- Small
wheels Ups Vehicles
7 04-06-2004 67 95 130 181 126 4 603
Thursday
Total for Week 476 681 998 1269 1142 28 4594
Daily Average 68 97 143 181 163 4 656
(Source Traffic Count at Toll Station at Right Bank Taunsa Barrage)
;T~~~~~_ _ /_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.
- ~~~~~~~~~~~
Plate 4.1: Agricultural waste is used as domestic fuel around the project area. The traffic passing over
Taunsa consist of all types of vehicles; of then a tractor trolley and bus are visible in this picture.
* Noise Level
At present the traffic level is very low and noise is not a problem. No significant change is
anticipated even after the completion of the project. Major noise comes from 656 vehicles per
day (refer Table 4.4) can be calculated as follows:
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-9
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Table 4.4
Noise level due to traffic over Taunsa Barrage Bridge
Sr.No. Type of Vehicle / Number @ Decibels of Total
Noise Emitted (Decibels)
1 2 3 4
01. Vehicles more than 10 Wheels (68) 120 8,160
02. 6-10 Wheels Vehicles (97) 100 9,700
03. Busses and Trucks (143) 100 14,300
04. Dallas and Pick-Ups (181) 60 10,860
05. Cars and Small Vehicles (163) 50 8,150
06. Trains (4) 150 600
Total per day 51,770
Total per hour 2,157
Total per minute 35
Per minute average noise emission is 35 decibels which is much below the permissible critical
level. But a concentrated high level noise even for a short time can make a significant
difference.
4.2.9 Natural Event History
* Seismicity
The project area is located over Indian Tectonic Plate, towards the centre of the plate, where
occasional jolts of Richter Scale 4-5 can be experienced. The project area has been placed in
Zone 1 on the "Seismic Zoning Map" of Pakistan by the Geological Survey of Pakistan.
Occasional jolts of this intensity are not likely to cause any significant impact on the new project
structure or vice versa.
* Floods
The Taunsa Barrage is located on the River Indus where according to the prevailing distribution
of water, the downstream discharge rarely exceed, 0.7 million cusecs (see Table 4.2). The
barrage has been designed for 1.0 million cusecs. That implies that even if the flood discharge
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-10
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
rises to 1.0 million cusecs, it can have no threat to the construction or operation of the new
gateless weir.
0 Archaeological Sites/Chance Find
There no reports or claims regarding the existence of any archaeological find near or on the
project site. There is neither a graveyard in the vicinity nor any worship place. In case there is a
chance find, it can be handled as per Law and Procedures already in vogue in Punjab.
4.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 Flora
The flora can be divided into two parts:-
(i) Riverian Track
(ii) Inland Area
On fresh silt alluvium of riverian tract, especially in pond area. In succession of vegetation,
first colonizers are grasses and Typha followed by Tamarix riverbed serut as the soil
becomes consolidated and is raised by new silt deposition in the scrub, so that the
vegetation is no longer completely submerged and erect tree growth becomes possible.
As long as the edaphic conditions remain unstable, Tamarix and Poplar remain dominant. As
the soil gets stabilized and drained the forest community normally progresses to Acacia
nilotica and prosopis spicigera. In its present state, the flora of Riverian Alluvial deposits can
be listed as follows:-
Trees
Lai (Tamarix dioca)
Pilchi (Tamarix gallica)
Babool (Acacia nilotica)
Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)
Beri (Zizyphus yujuba)
Jand (Prosophis spicigera)
Raesquette (Prosophs juliflora)
Raesquette (Prosopis glandulosa)
Bhen/Poplar (Populus enphratica)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-11
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Other Plants
Khabbal (Cynodon dactylon)
Kanwal (Melolotus oralifolia)
Munj (Erianthus munja)
Kai (Sacchrum spontaneum)
Kunder (Typha elephantina)
Whereas the trees provide a habitat for birds, the solid ground below houses the mammals.
The margin line of Typha and grasses becomes a good habitat for reptiles while the fish
occupy the adjacent waters.
Inland Area
Inland area is either on the river banks or on rised parts of the consolidated alluvial deposits
within the pond. The natural flora of inland area is as follows:-
Trees
Jand (Prosopis spicigera)
Karir (Capparis aphylla)
Van (Salvadora oleoides)
Peeloo (Salvadora persica)
Kikar (Acacia nilotica)
Lana (Suda ruiteesa)
Lani (Salsola fostida)
Beri (Zizyphus jujube)
Other Plants
Harmal (Paganum harmala)
Khardar (Alhaji camelorum)
Khabbal (Cynodon dactylona)
Datura (Datura alba)
Phog (Calligonum polygnoides)
Pohli (Argemone maxicana)
Malla (Zizphus numularia)
Date Palm (Phoenix rubicola)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-12
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Exotics introduced in inland area
Near the banks some exotic tree species have been introduced over the time. Some of these
are:-
Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)
Mulberry (Morus alba)
Bakain (Melia azadarach)
Shirin/Siris (Albizzia lebeck)
Sufaida (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)
Ipal Ipal (Lucaena minosifolia)
Burr (Ficus bengalensis)
Pipal (Ficus religiosa)
Mango (Mangifera indica)
Agriculture crops of Rabi and Kharif
Fruit Orchards
-'a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~W
D'~~ - -
Plate 4.2: On alluvial lands in the river succession of vegetation can be seen clearly. Grasses, sedges andtypha come as early colonizers followed by Erianthus munja (munj), Tamarix dioca (pilchi), Tamarixarticulata (Frash) and Populus euphratiea.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-13
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Plate 4.3: Tamarix dioca (pilchi) blossom in the wildlife sanctuary at Taunsa Barrage.
/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ."
LI
-a~~~~~~~~~~~,-
Plate 4.4: Stages of succession of vegetation are visible on the new alluvial sites in the wildlife sanctuary ofTaunsa barrage.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-14
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
-a'
Plate 4.5: As the Typha is replaced by Erianthus and as Erianthus is replaced by Trees, the alluvium getsnature and along with the change in flora, the habitat for fauna also changes.
4.3.2 Fauna
The rich Fauna of Indus River at Taunsa Barrage, upstream in the barrage head pond and
downstream in the released waters, is as follows:
*Mammals
Species Scientific Name Status
Hog deer (Axis porcinus) Endangered
Jungle cat (Felis chaus) Common
Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi) Common
Mongoose (Herpestes anropunctatous) Common
Porcupine (Hystrise indica) Common
Hedge Hog (Hemiechinus spp.) Common
Fox (Vulpes bengalensis) Common
Jackal (Canis aureus) Common
Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Common
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-15
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Species Scientific Name Status
Ludhar/Otter (Lutra perspicillata) Endangered
Indus Dolphin (Platanista minor) Endangered
Fishing Cat (Felis viverrina) Rare
Hare (Lepus nigricollis) Common
* Birds
> Resident Birds of Prey
Species Scientific Name
Fishing Eagle (Haliaeetus leucroryphus)
Brahminy Kite (Haliaster Indus)
Black Kite (Milvus rigrans)
White breasted Kind Fisher (Heleyon sinyrnensis)
> Seed Eating Birds
Species Scientific Name
Dove (Streptopelia dacaocto)
Dove (Streptopelia tranquebarica)
Dove (Streptopelia senegalensis)
Fiinches (Estrilda amandava)
Finches (Lonchura malabarica)
Larks (Mirafa erythroptera)
Larks (Eremopterix grisea)
Larks (Calendrella cineria)
Larks (Calendrella raytal)
Larks (Calendrella cristata)
Weaver birds (Ploceus philippinus)
Weaver birds (Ploceus manyar)
Indian Sand Martins (Riparia paludicola)
Indian river tern (Sterna auranlia)
Black Partridge (Francolinus francolinus)
Common Babbler (Turdoides candatus)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-16
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
> Common Terrestrial Birds
Species Scientific Name Status
Grey partridge (Pyeronotus xynthopygos) Common
Jungle Pigeon (Teron walia) Common
Sun Bird (Necterine spp.) Common
House sparrow (Passer spp.) Common
Russian sparrow (Hirundo rustica) Common
Crow (Corcias abyssinicus) Common
Owl (Bubo Africans) Common
Parakeets (Psittaciformes Common
Shrikes (Passeriformes) Common
Tree-pies (Passeriformes) Common
Fly Catchers (Passeriformes) Common
Rollers (Passeriformes) Common
Mynas (Passeriformes) Common
Bee-eaters (Passeriformes) Common
Minivits (Passeriformes) Common
Munias (Passeriformes) Common
Long-tailed Prinia (Passeriformes) Endangered
Warblers & Song Birds (Passeriformes) Endangered
Raptor (Falconiformes) Endangered
) Migratory Birds (Water Fowls) of Green Route along Indus River
Species Scientific Name Status
Black headed goose (Anser indicus) Rare
Black headed gull (Larus ridibundus) Rare
Black-necked grebe (Podicepa nigricollis) Rare
Black stork (Ciconia niger) Rare
Black tailed godwit (Limasa limosa) Rare
Common Shelduck (Tadorna ladoran) Rare
Common snipe (Callinago gallinago) Rare
Curlew sand piper (Calidns ferruginea) Rare
Ferruginous duck (Aythya nyroca) Rare
Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Rare
Great crested grebe (Padiceps cristatus) Rare
Great egret (Egretta alba) Rare
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-17
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Shag (Phalacrocorax fuscicallis) Rare
Red crested pochard (Netta rufina) Rare
Tufted duck (Aythy fuligula) Rare
White spoon bill (Platalea leucorodia) Rare
White tailed plover (Vanellus leucurus) Rare
Black winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) Common
Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) Common
Common coot (Fulica atra) Common
Common pochard (Aythya ferina) Common
Common sand piper (Actitis hypaleucus) Common
Common teal (Anaz crecca) Common
Common tern (Sterna hirundo) Common
Eurasian wigeon (Anaz Penelope)) Common
Gadwal (Anaz strepera) Common
Green Shank (Tnnqaa nebulana) Common
Grey heron (Ardea cinerea) Common
Pond Heron (Ardeola grayti Common
River tern (Sterna aurantia) Common
Intermediate egret (Egretta intermedia) Common
Lesser Whistling teal (Denrocygna bicolor) Common
Little cormorant (Phalacrocorax niger) Common
Little egret (Egretta garzetta) Common
Little grebe (Tackybaptus ruficollis) Common
Little ringed plover (Charadrius dubius) Common
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos Common
Moorhen (Gallinula chlaropus) Common
Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) Common
Pintail (Anas acuta) Common
Shoveler (A. clypeata) Common
Pheasant tailed jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus) Common
Purple gallinule (Porphyrio parphyrio) Common
Purple heron (Ardea purpurea) Common
Red Shank (Tringa tetanus) Common
Cotton teal (Nettapus coromandelianus) Endangered
Snake Bird Endangered
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-18
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Reptiles
Species Scientific Name Status
Marsh crocodiles (Crocodylus palustris) Now extinct.
Gavial (Gavialis gangeticus) Now extinct
Chequered Keel back (Natrix piscator) Common
Snake
Dark-bellied marsh (Xenochrophis cerasogaster) Common
Snake
Striped river Snake (Enhydris pakistanica) Rare
Indian Python (Python molurus) Extinct
Dhaman (Ptyas mucosus) Rare
Striped Keel back (Amphiosma estolata) Rare
Indian Cobra (Naja naja) Common
Indian Monitor Lizard (Veranus bengalensis) Common
Variety of lizards, krait Common
and viper
* Turtles - Hard Shelled
Brown River Turtle (Kachuga smithin) Common
Saw Back Turtle (Kachuga tecta) Common
Brahminy River Turtle (Hardella thurgi) Common
* Flap Shells
Indian Flapshell Turtle (Lissymes punctata)) Rare
Spotted Pond Turtle (Geochlemys hamiltoni) Rare
* True Soft Shells
Narrow headed soft (Chitra indica)) Rare
shell turtle
Indian soft shelled turtile (Trionysc gangeticus) Rare
(Sunworshippens)
Common Tortoise Common
(Source: Wildlife Department, Punjab)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-19
t
ii
I
I
I
I
I
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Fishes
One hundred and twenty seven species of fresh water fish have been recognized in Indus
River in its plain journey, comprising 59 cyprinids, 33 slurries, 2 clupeids and 33 others. Of
these most important are Palla (Tenua losa ilisha) which is an anadromous species and
Mahasheer (Torputitora spp.) which is a powerful game fish. But due to construction of a
series of barrages Palla cannot migrate from sea upwards and is almost extinct from Indus
waters. Upward breeding movement of Mahasheer is also restricted due to barrages. A
comprehensive list of fishes of River Indus upstream and downstream Taunsa Barrage is
given at Annex-Ill.
> The Extinct Palla
Under ordinary circumstances, the reproductive urge instinctively diverts palla fish from the
sea to swim up the river for hundreds of miles. The run of fish has been blocked with
construction of every new barrage. Being a sub-surface swimmer, it does not struggle to
cross fish ladders. Therefore, its movement has been extremely restricted. It has reduced
the food for river predators which have become extinct. It has also adversely affected the
fishermen communities all along the river.
The above reported flora, fauna including fish are present in the wildlife sanctuary upstream
the old Taunsa barrage. All the three components of biota represent some of the rarre
natural beauty which can be joy for ever for ecotourists, photographers and serious students
of riverian ecology (see plates 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10 and 4.11).
, r ;~~~~~~~~~~~~- N'
Plate 4.6: The level of water upstream is normally kept at RL 446 while the undersluice level is normallyRL 425. The Indus dolphin habitat was bisected in 1958. Indus dolphin has learnt to live and survive inboth the segments. it is specially protected on the upper side which is a wildlife sanctuary and a RAMSARsite.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-20
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
. Plate 4.7: Taunsa wildlife sanctuary is anideal spot for researchers in flora as well asfauna. A dawn in Taunsa sanctuary invitesthe researchers as well as photographers.
______ * .- 1
Is
^ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ibk - .
Plate 4.8: The wildlife sanctuary at Taunsa is also a RAMSAR site.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-21
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
aaffirrr ' '
Plate 4.9: Comparatively nature alluvial sites, like the one seen in the picture, are cherished by blackpartridge, Quail, Bluebird, Jungle pigeon, Sun bird, Doves, Warblers, House sparrow, Russian sparrow,Crows and Owls.
..... .. ..
-t -t- . Ib~d&aa
a * iK S.,. S a | .
Plate 4.10: Protected waters inside the Taunsa barrage wildlife sanctuary, like the one in the picture, area haven for migratory birds such as waterfowls whistling ducks, cranes, shorebird and barheaded Goose.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-22
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
. b"-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4
L.-
Plate 4.12: Calm waters in the pond behind Taunsa barrage is a recognized habitat of Indus blinddolphin. According to an estimate above 200 dolphins presently occupy the pond area which the wildlifepopulation dynamists consider to be a saturation point for this predator. However, Indus Dolphin(Platanista minor) was included in the IUCN Red Rook of endangered species in 1976, and it still has thesame status there.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-23
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Plate 4.13: The Taunsa barrage upstream pond area is a RAMSAR recognized world class safe haven forwater fowls.
4.3.3 Wildlife Sanctuary
Taunsa Barrage wildlife sanctuary has an area of 6567 hectares and it extends upto almost 6
miles (10 Kin) above the barrage. Declared as a sanctuary by wildlife Department Punjab in
1974, it came to be recognized as RAMSAR world class protected area in 1996 (see plates 4.7
to 4.13), especially with respect to the waterfowl species. The following species of waterfowl
nest and breed in the sanctuary.
Lesser Whistling teal (Dendrocynge javanice)
Red wattled lapwing (Vanwllus indicus)
Pheasant tailed Jacane (Hydrophasianus chirurgus)
Purple gallinule (Porphario porphario)
Egrets (Egretta spp)
Cranes (Grus grus and Authropides Virgo)
For the common demoiselle cranes, the sanctuary is a staging area, while grebes, ducks,
Shore birds bar headed geese, geese, coots, ibises, storks and waders come to the sanctuary
for over wintering. Thus Taunsa wildlife is a important safe haven for the migratory population of
birds along Indus Flyway route. Sometimes very rare birds such as the Bewick's swan (Cynus
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
cobumbianus bewickii) and black necked stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus) visit the lake. The
swamps around the pond, on either bank and on the belas formed inside the pond area within
the river, are abode of variety of ibises, egrets, herons and waders. The Pelicans (Pelecanus)
congregate on the belas inside the ponds. Flamingos (Phoenicopterus spp.) can usually be
seen standing in rows in knee deep water, while waiting for the prey to appear near the surface
of water.
The following local species of birds also live and thrive well in the wildlife sanctuary: -
Black Partridge (Alectoris relanochipala)
Grey partridge (Alectoris phibji)
Quail (Pluvialis spp.)
Blue Bird (Pyeronotus xynthopygos)
Jungle Pigeon (Teron walia)
Sun Bird (Nectarine spp)
Doves (Streptophelia roseogrisera)
Warbler (Philoseopus umbrovirens)
House Sparrow (Passer spp)
Russian Sparrow (Hirundo rustica)
Crow (Corcias abyssinicus russian)
Owl (Bubo africans)
The Taunsa Barrage is a worldwide recognized habitat of Indus blind Dolphin (Platanista
minor). Other mammals include Hog Deer (Axis porcinis), Jackal (Canes Auras), Hare (Lupus
Capensis), Porcupine (Hysterics indica) and Wild boar (Sus scrofa).
The present state of wildlife sanctuary depends upon Taunsa Barrage pond around a level of
RL 446.
4.3.4 Indus Dolphin
In the province of Punjab, the occurrence of the Indus Dolphin (Platanista minor)) is
restricted to 500 km between Chashma and Guddu Barrage and Taunsa Barrage has almost
bissected the Dolphin habit. The population of Dolphin has been split up in the upstream
area and downstream area of the barrage. Those who had the opportunity to see the Indus
Dolphin's habitat and have done research work on the species, need not be reminded how
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-25
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
extremely difficult it is to carry out even observational research on the species. However,
following statistics has been available from the Wildlife Department of Punjab.
After the wildlife Department enforced strict protection measures, a gradual increase in the
Dolphin population was noticed till 1992 (see table 4.5). Comparatively higher rate of
increase in Chashma-Taunsa reach is attributable to the protection due to wildlife sanctuary.
An almost levelling of the Indus dolphin population in Taunsa suggests two possibilities.
First, that the population of the specis as a predator might have reached a saturation point
for the area. Second that the condition favourable to Dolphin breeding cannot be improved
any further. However, it may be too early to decide in the absence of data on the extent of
habitat, general habitat conditions, biological relationship and productivity. The actual fact if
that the Indus Dolphin is a unique species. Even though its number has increased, it still is
considered endangered. The knowledge gathered about it though significant, remains rather
rudimentary. It is still a challenge for the scientific community to peruse research on the
Dolphin. The IUCN included this species in their Red Book of endangered species in 1976
and it still is there.
The WWF, however, does not fully endorse the Dolphin statistics released by the Wildlife
Departmetn as reproduced in table 4.5. Their Dolphin distribution map of Indus shows that
the number of Dolphin increase as the river approaches the southern proximities refere
Figure 4.10, as can be seen in the table 4.6 below.
Table 4.6
Number of Dolphins Sighted Between Barrage in Indus River by WWF
Barrage Distance between the Number of Dolphins sighted
barrages (kms)
Jinnah - Chashma 67 2
Chashma - Taunsa 270 84
Taunsa - Guddu 340 259
Guddu - Sukkur 190 602
Sukkur - Kotri 500 18
Source: WWF
The WWF experts opine that the Dolphins are flushed downwards with each flood while it
cannot move upwards because of barrage. This hybothesis however requires further
investigation.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-26
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Table 4.5
Indus Dolphin Population Status
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1997 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 | 1997 1998 1199 2000 2001 2002 20CSection
COUNTED COUNTED BY INTERPOLATION
Cheshma-Taunsapart 30 48 54 70 81 90 110 110 120 140 160 180 200 225 225 225 225 225 22!
Taunsa Guddu 40 61 73 82 99 100 109 119 129 129 129 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 13part
Total 70 109 127 152 180 190 210 229 249 269 289 310 330 355 355 355 355 355 35!
(Source: Wildlife Dept Punjab)
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Some of the researched aspects are about sleeping and mating of Dolphin. In order to adapt
to the environment of the river, Indus Dolphin has developed the shortest sleep phases ever
observed in the mammals. Its sleeping behavior has been scientifically desired as polyhasic.
At the Berne institute of Brain Anatomy, the study of sleeping behavior with the help of
oscilloscope revealed numerous interruption in transmission, after lasting less than a second
and never longer than eight seconds. After weeks of observations and adding up the
seconds and transmission breaks during each twenty four hours period, the average comes
to about seven to eight hours, which is equivalent to normal sleeping period of mammals.
Mating takes place in April/May and ten months later in February/March the female gives
birth to a single calf measuring from 70 to 75 cm long. The offspring are suckled until
December, by which time they have grown to 1 meter in length. Average age of Dolphin is
20 years and river Dolphins are not capable of reproduction before eight years by which time
their body length is fully developed and is abut 2 meters long with a body weight of about 75
kg. The females are somewhat larger than the males and have a longer beak than that of
males. The males are more lively than female and adapt to a new environment quicker than
the females.
The Indus Dolphin is always blind. Its eyes are fully developed but regressed. Visibility in the
murky water of Indus is not more than 2-4 cm. The Dolphin's eye has fallen victim to the
opaque environment over the past millions of years and has led to a complete loss of the
ability to differentiate objects by sight. Instead it was its well developed sonar or echo-
location system with which the animal is not only capable of identifying minute objects but it
can detect difference between live and dead fish.
In nature the Dolphin plays the role of a predator as well as a scavenger. It eats sick, weak
and dead fish and keeps the river clean. In its cyclic movement it can travel upto 10 km per
day but it keep its habitat restricted within 5-8 kms. Its will however migrate to the distances
more than 50km for food and sex reasons.
4.3.5 Agriculture
The project area is famous for cotton in Kharif season. Wheat is the major Rabi crop. Rice rank
next to wheat in cereals, sugarcane cultivation is popular in Tehsil Kot Adu because of the
vicinity to sugar mill. High quality mango orchards have been raised in Rajanpur and
Muzaffargarh. However in the immediate project area in its vicinity or near the wildlife sanctuary
NDC j NESPAK I ATKINS 4-28
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
no such agricultural activity is noticeable the abandoning of which may cause any siginificant
loss to any one in terms of individual or family income.
IF~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I
-1P- 4
Plate 4.14: A population on a constant rise, one bicycle and 13 riders.
4.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS
4.4.1 Population and community structure
The Taunsa Barrage canal system is presently conveying 6 million acre feet of water within
32,489 km2 area and serves a population of 11 million people of whom 48% are women. The
rate of population growth amongst the poor classes is at least 5% which is one of the highest in
Punjab. A representative comparison of population growth vs resources was seen near old
workshop, (see plate 4.14).
4.4.2 Poverty Status
About 38% of the population in the immediate project area lives under food and basic needs
poverty line and their income is less than RS 2000 per month per family.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
4.4.3 Services and Facilitates in the Area
* Water source used
42% of the communities do not have access to clean drinking water and consequently have
water oriented health and poverty problems of these 42% more than 50% are not aware of the
consequences of drinking unclean water. Some claim that running river water is healthier that a
hand pump water major sources of water are river, canals and hand pumps.
* Education Level
52% of the total respondents in the area are illiterate while 48% are primary and above.
* Transportation and Accessibility
Almost all the community in the area adjacent to the Taunsa Barrage have access and
transportation facility because the road and railway links are available. A small villages road
connects them to the main road where ample Wagon and Bus service is available for all
destinations. But Taunsa Barrage bridge plays cardinal role in this facility.
* Electricity Source Used
About 80% of the inhabitants in the immediate and extended project area have access to
electricity. Because of high cost, most house holds restrict themselves to use of few bulb and
fans. The fishermen communities still use kerosene oil in hurricane lanterns for light at night.
* Health Facilities
There is an overcrowded Tehsil Headquarter Government Hospital at Kot Adu. Above 50% of
the population are prone to Malaria and various epidemics. Polio plus program has made its
presence felt every where.
* Employment
Employment opportunities for local populations shall increase by almost 100% during the
construction phase and by 50% during operational phase. During construction, the contractor
shall be urged to prefer the employment of local labour especially in unskilled category. Typha
mat (suff) cottage industry is giving bread to about 5% of the population. Typha leaves are cut
from marshy lands bundled and put on metalled road for the vehicles to pass over and soften
then, making fit for mat making (See plate 4.15).
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-30
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
l ~~~~~~~~~~A
Plate 4.15: A farmer is putting typha leaves on the metalled road for the vehicles to press over it andmake it soft for typha mat (suff) making cottage industry.
* Cost of Living
Taking prices of essential commodities as indices and comparing these with the average
minimum income of Rs. 2,000 required per month, following table can help to gauge the cost of
living in the area, see table 4.5 below:
Table 4.6
Prices of Essential Commodities in the Project Area
Sr.No. Commodity Retail Price in Retail Price in
Multan Project Vicinity
Rupees Rupees
01. Atta (Wheet Floor) 12/Kg. 12/Kg.
02. Rice (Basmati) 35/Kg. 30/Kg.
03. Pulses 40/Kg. 40/Kg.
04. Sugar 23/Kg. 25/Kg.
05. Salt 10O/Kg. 12/Kg.
06. Chillies 80/Kg. 85/Kg.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4.31
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Commodity Retail Price in Retail Price inMultan Project Vicinity
Rupees Rupees07. Cooking Oil 75/Kg. 80/Kg.08. Milk 20/Kg. 15/Kg.
09. Cotton Cloth 60/Meter 65/Meter10. One Room Rent 1,000/one room 300/one room
(Source: Market survey during Ist week of June 2004).
* HIV / AIDS Risk
The labour camp, their interaction with truck drivers and alike personnel are potential places forspread of HIV/AIDS if the incidence exists. Almost 100% of the people of project area and thepotential labour are not aware of the source, mode of communication or consequences ofHIV/AIDS. Although their religious and cultural value system, to a large extent excludes the outbreak or rapid communication of HIV/AIDS, yet its occurrence in such a situation cannot beprecluded. It is necessary that alongwith other communicable diseases like Cholera, Typhoidand Tuberculosis, awareness and preventive campaigns are run from time to time in the labourcamps and the field offices of the project on HIV/AIDS also.
* Recreation Facilities
More than 12000 local tourists visit Taunsa Barrage annually to enjoy the picturesque scenerycreated by the pond effect behind the barrage. Some of them also enjoy boat ride upstream aswell as downstream. A boat with "Mallah" is arranged by a private social organization. On agood day, a boatman can make Rs. 1 00/= to 200/= by charging Rs. 5/= per person per trip.
4.4.4 Conclusions
On the basis of the baseline survey, some of the obvious conclusions are as follows:
* There will be no serious environmental or social problem in the project area because of theproject intervention because all construction activities will take place downstream of theexisting barrage outside the wildlife sanctuary and the RAMSAR site.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 4-32
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* No negative impact can be anticipated on the farmers or other parts of the local
communities, as all construction and allied activities will take place on I&P Department land.
* Water distribution efficiency, flood control downstream fishing and social mobility by boats
will increase, when the barrage is rehabilitated and modernized (plate 4.16).
* The pond level upstream will remain at 446 (as before), and fauna of the Wildlife Sanctuary.
* With ensured safety of the Taunsa Barrage, the people living near the barrage or
downstream will enjoy a greater sense of security.
_~~~ . .. -w *
*~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~" Kf J
NDC NESPAK I ATKINS 4-33
T--~ ~~~ l -
5Analysis of Alternatives
i
I
I
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
The Project options considered were:-
1. No project option / worst scenario option.
2. In place of old Taunsa Barrage structures, a new barrage is constructed on the same
site.
3. A new Taunsa Barrage is built at a new site and the existing barrage is abandoned
and destroyed.
4. A gateless weir is built at an alternate site and not exactly at a distance of 1500ft.
downstream.
5. The cross sections and height (dimensions) of the proposed gateless weir is
changed.
6. The Taunsa Barrage is denotified as wildlife sanctuary and as a RAMSAR site.
7. Instead of using existing link roads, paths, camping sites, dumping ground and
machinery yards, alternate sites are chosen.
8. The Project is accepted as per given and objectives defined in the proposal.
Each alternative was subjected to analysis as per its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
and threats (SWOT); as follows: -
5.1 NO PROJECT OPTION / WORST SCENARIO OPTION
(a) Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
If the Project is not taken up at all, then all the efforts and investments shall be saved and
these could be diverted elsewhere. Should the barrage collapse, the Palla and Mahasher
fish and Indus Dolphin could move into about 250 km of additional spawning habitat
upstream of the barrage.
Furthermore, high maintenance cost and cumbersome operation would be avoided.
Ecologist believes that taking down a barrage will return a river to an ecologically healthy
state. The remarkably limited scientific evidence available regarding Indus river, however,
does not entirely support that belief. Nevertheless, removal of a barrage releases the water
that has collected behind it in the pond, With water it also releases sediments that decades
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-1
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
of slowed water had dropped as it approaches the barrage. The sediment can replenish
riverbanks downstream, thereby improving the river nutrients especially Phosphorus and
Nitrogen and thus reduce or eliminate eutrophication in the ex-pond area. Instead, the fish
population would revert to normal.
* Weaknesses and threats
Not taking up the Project will result in collapse of he old barrage, which will lead to
catastrophic destruction of the entire Taunsa barrage irrigation complex. Unprecedented
floods shall be followed by canal closure and destruction of agriculture by cutting off 6 million
acre feet of crucial irrigation water from six districts of southern Punjab. The pond will be
destroyed and the wildlife sanctuary, which is also a RAMSAR site shall vanish, forever and
a safe heaven for resting and breeding of waterfowl and mating area of Indus Dolphin shall
cease of exist. The barrages, downstream Taunsa i.e. Guddu, Sukkur and Kotri as well as
the under construction barrage at Sehwan will be washed away by the huge flood released
by the destroyed Taunsa barrage without a warning. A large number of villages along the left
and right bank of the river will be washed way resulting in heavy death toll of humans and
cattle. The women and the children will would be worst affected. A large part of nearby
population shall be turned homeless. All services including electricity education and
communication shall be disrupted. Rail link to Karachi and Quetta will be cut off. Arterial road
connecting Punjab and Balochistan will be destroyed and supply of natural Gas to southern
Punjab and supply of Petroleum to Balochistan shall be cut off. Trade and social life
dependent upon Taunsa bridge linkage will be destroyed. The Toll Station will also not exist.
Many such site-specific factors, which cannot be anticipated at this stage, will influence the
ecologist changes that accrue when a barrage actually gets removed. A dooms day in the
area shall be unleashed.
(b) Conclusion
For this proposal, the weaknesses outweigh the strengths and the threats overly are more
than opportunities. No project option possessing the potential of worst scenario is therefore
not recommended.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-2
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
5.2 OPTION OF NEW BARRAGE ON THE SAME SITE
(a) Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
If the old barrage is replaces with an altogether a new barrage, a weakness free new
barrage will come up with a new lease of physical life of at least 50 years. The new barrage
can be appropriately designed and desired modification and modernization can be
incorporated. The cumbersome process of manually operating the weir gates can be
replaced with electronic control. The existing hydraulic defect e.g. retrogression, oblique river
approach to the barrage and deficient thickness of downstream floor can be ruled out
through a superior design. Also the skin and the baffle blocks could be built with concrete of
the same strength. Above all, the capacity of existing Taunsa Barrage and the bridge over
the weir could be enhanced with improved road, rail, gas and petrol pipelines.
* Weaknesses and threats
Construction of an altogether new barrage will involve huge and unaffordable financial
resources, which are not readily available at, present. The existing services e.g. irrigation,
wildlife sanctuary, fisheries, use of road and railway bridge, Sui Gas and petrol supplies etc.
shall be suspended during the construction period, which will be 4 - 5 years. Dolphin habitat
will be further disturbed and their population, brought to the present level over past twelve
years, will once again decline. The existing physical, biological and socio - economic
balance of upstream and downstream shall have to be destroyed at least temporarily
causing RAMSAR site upsetness and thus a major objections from RAMSAR, Wildlife
Department and the EPA. The Canal system shall have to be stopped for some time causing
colossal short and long-term economic losses by cutting of drinking and irrigation water. And
the physical conditions being the same it is possible that new design may not be able to
exclude the old defects altogether.
(b) Conclusion: Under the prevailing circumstances, the option of constructing new barrage
is not recommendable in view of non-availability of financial resources and threat to the
ecosystem and irrigation system. However this has the potential of being the second best
option provided that financial resources become readily available and all potential negative
impacts are adequately mitigated through good design, controlled construction, protected
flora and founa, saved wildlife sanctuary and workable SFA with local communities.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-3
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
5.3 OPTION OF NEW BARRAGE ON NEW SITE
(a) Analysis
* Strengths and opportunities
A new weakness free new site will become available where the inherent defects due to site
will not emerge. All weaknesses due to design deficiency will be removed. Subject to its
feasibility on new site, the new barrage will be modified built and operated according to most
modern technology available to Pakistan. Especially the existing hydraulic defects e.g.
retrogression, oblique river approach to barrage and deficiencies in downstream floor can be
ruled out through a superior design. The concrete for the surface and inside of baffle blocks
can be kept uniform. And the capacity of existing Taunsa bridge can be increased for road,
rail, gas pipe line and petrol pipe line.
* Weaknesses and threats
Selection of new site upstream and downstream is externally difficult as the width of river
and its tendency to run in multi-channels increases on either side. There is no denying the
fat that new barrage will involve huge and unaffordable financial resources and the
prohibitive financial cost will dater new construction. Also existing barrage and pond
ecosystem will be completely destroyed. The agreement in RAMSAR convention shall be
changed as the existing canal system, wildlife sanctuary and fisheries safe haven will be
heavily disturbed and Dolphin habitat will be subject to an adverse change possibly leading
once again to decline in its population. The canal system shall have to be stopped and
redone at least for constructing new linkages to old canals. The intervening period shall be
dry and hostile. Furthermore, the physical conditions being the same, it is possible that new
design may not be able to exclude the defects noticed in the old barrage model.
(b) Conclusion: Option of new design on new site is not acceptable because of the threats,
which outnumber the opportunities.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-4
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
5.4 THE OPTION OF HAVING NEW WEIR AT LESSER THAN 1500 FT DOWNSTREAM
Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
By a new simulated model a better distance can be worked out at Irrigation Research
Nandipur Institute. And by change of distance a better hydrological advantage may be
achieved. Lesser distance and smaller structures would cut the cost. Above all, there shall
be lesser ecological disturbance downstream.
* Weaknesses and threats
It is also possible that a changed distance is not optimal and may induce more defects. It is
understood that change of site is not being considered for upstream because any site
upstream is technically inappropriate because of wider span of the river. For any new site,
new design and new cost estimates and drawings shall have to be prepared. The new
design may turn out to be defective and hydrologically inefficient. By bringing the gateless
weir too close to the old weir the problem of hydraulic jump (the energy dissipating
turbulence) is not fully addressed. And if the defects persist, it may not only cause heavy
financial losses in terms of the construction undertaken, but also it will have the potential to
cause catastrophic destruction of the whole barrage and the barrages, below Taunsa.
(b) Conclusion: Construction of the new weir at 1500 ft or closer shall fully defend upon the
success of the site in simulation model. Any site between 800-1500 ft, subject to its success
in simulation model, will be feasible.
5.5 OPTION OF NOT CHANGING THE DIMENSIONS OF THE GATELESS WEIR
(a) Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
The existing model of gateless, 4346 ft across the Indus River, weir, impervious 238 ft. crest
level 424 ft. has been hydraulically efficient model simulated at Nandipur irrigation Research
institute. The weir provides efficient energy dissipation for turbulence created downstream.
The model provides protection against local scouring by providing stone aprons upstream
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
and downstream. By all standards, the model satisfies the standard hydraulic requirements
and criteria. By doing so, main Taunsa barrage is saved and is given an extended physical
life for at least 50 years and the defects developed therein e g. retrogression, oblique river
approach and deficiencies in the downstream floor will be eliminated. And the rehabilitation
and modernization of main barrage gives 50 more years of efficient irrigation and agriculture
production in six districts of southern Punjab through an existing system of canals.
* Weaknesses and threats
Efficiency of the weir will ultimately depend upon the geotech characteristics of the rock and
soil below the foundation of the gateless weir. As the geotech properties of the soil shall
continue to be the same, piping and cavities below the weir is possible, especially when the
provided safety measures are minimal. Should the sub-weir develop a fault, threats to the
main barrage can revive, and in an aggravated manner.
(b) Conclusion: Considering all pro cons, the design of sub-weir (gateless weir) as per
length across river 4346'. Impervious floor 238 ft and crest level 424 ft is a safe option. Its
location can be between 800 ft-1 500 ft downstream of the existing barrage.
5.6 OPTION OF DENOTIFYING TAUNSA BARRAGE POND AREA AS WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY AND AS RAMSAR SITE
(b) Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
By denotifying the area as the wildlife sanctuary and as a RAMSAR site, the biological
interference in the engineering priorities shall be eliminated River training works such as
construction of new spurs, dredging of the "belas" to correct the oblique strike of the main
river channel and raising the level of pond to optimal levels will become possible without any
concern from NCCW, EPA, wildlife Department or RAMSAR secretariat. The freedom of
design and operation, will bring down the construction and operational cost. Also it can open
opportunities for declaring the area as game reserve and invite visitors and tourists to enjoy
hunting, within permissible limits. Tourist, resorts can be constructed on the stable islands
within the pond area. Fishing industry will flourish and the local communities will be able to
manage the river flora and fauna to their benefit in accordance with their age old traditions.
State revenue from natural resources will increase.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Weaknesses and threats
A well-established river based ecosystem will be destroyed. The water fowl and Indus
Dolphin will once again become threatened species and all their food chains will be
destroyed. Well established riverain habitat made by Typha, sedge, Munj, Kai, Pilchi, Frash,
Bhan succession will be annihilated. Control over 6 miles upstream river by way of protection
through application of Wildlife Act 1974 shall cease to exist and indiscriminate shooting and
poaching of wildlife and exploitation of riverain forests will start. Encroachments by seasonal
agriculturalists will become rampant on Kacha areas and increased incidence of erosion will
enhance the rate of siltation, which will lead to reduced capacity of pond as well as the
canals. The umbrella of NCCW, EPA and RAMSAR shall be lifted and the prestige earned
by Pakistan at international level as RAMSAR member country shall be lost. Apparent higher
degree of freedom will damage the barrage as well as the local communities physically,
biologically and socially.
(b) Conclusion: The option of the denotifying Taunsa Barrage as wildlife sanctuary and as
RAMSAR site in not recommendable because of globally significant physical, biological and
social reasons and on account of our international obligations.
5.7 OPTION OF ALTERNATE LOGISTICS
(a) Analysis
* Strength and opportunities
Old workshop, link road, the metalled road and roads on top of the downstream bund, are
available at no additional cost. In this arrangement there are minimum security risks. For
using these facilities, no compensation, resettlement or rehabilitation is involved. Labour
camp, material dump, machinery yard and project field offices being located in the same
general area, would make command and control of works earies and more effective (See
Project Area Map Figure 3.1).
It is an opportunity to put the l&P Dept building and lands, lying unused so far, to use for a
good Project. The proposed campsite can be developed as the operational headquarter of
rehabilitated Taunsa Barrage. The available campsite is so close to the worksite that mixing
of material can be done at the campsite and it can be transported to the work base from
where it can be conveyed to actual construction point through a conveyor belt or suction
hose.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-7
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Weaknesses and threats
The Kacha link road from campsite to the metalled road and roads on top of the downstream
guide bund will need surfacing and maintenance to make the traffic dust and noise free. The
old buildings will require heavy repairs before these are occupied for use. The dumping of
material and spill of oil etc. on the I&P land will require rehabilitation after the completion of
the project. The contractor shall have to bring the site to the same condition, in which it is
occupied.
However, during the period of construction of the sub-weir, it will not be possible for the i&P
Department to put the old workshop site or 46 acres of land to any alternate use. Further,
excessive and heavy traffic on Kacha roads may destroy the road and for adapting alternate
logistics, it will be necessary to go out of the l&P Department land and for that charges shall
have to be paid in addition to providing resettlement/rehabilitation.
(b) Conclusion: The proposed site for labour camp, material depot, Vehicle and machinery
yard and use of link road, main metalled road and downstream guide bunds are safest and
zero cost opportunity, which is recommended.
5.8 OPTION OF PROPOSED DESIGN
The proposed design fully secures the rehabilitation of the old barrage (See detailed
discussion in para 4.13). Under the given circumstances the proposed designed of sub-weir
4346 ft. long with crest level of RL 424 and sites between 800 -1500 downstream keeping
the pond level at RL 446 is the best option and have been adopted.
5.9 SUMMARY OF ALTERNATIVES
1. No project option/worst scenario option is not recommended.
2. A new barrage cannot be built under present non availability of financial resources.
3. A new barrage at a new site will be even more expensive and is not recommended.
4. Building a gateless weir is recommended at 800 -1500 downstream.
5. The proposed cross section and crest level is quite appropriate.
6. Taunsa Barrage must not be denotified as wildlife sanctuary and a RAMSAR site.
7. The proposed sites on l&P land for labour camp material depot, machinery and
equipment yard, the link roads are the safest and are recommended.
8. The proposed project design fulfills the desired objects and has been adopted.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 5-8
PublicIConsultation andIDisclosure
Public Consultation and Disclosure
ii
i
I
i
i
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE
This section describes the outcome of the public consultation sessions held with different
stakeholder groups that may be impacted by the project. The consultation process was
carried out in accordance with the World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.01) on public
consultation. The objectives of this process were: -
> Meetings held with regional and local offices.
> Semi-structured interaction held with communities on barrage site and around.
> Public Hearing through the EPA Punjab to get maximum participating role for the
members of public.
6.1 MEETINGS WITH LOCAL AND REGIONAL OFFICIALS
A series of meetings were held with local and regional officials (see the list of officials
contacted in Table 6.1 below: -
Table 6.1
List of Officials Contacted
Sr.No. Officials Contacted Title Phone Nos.
01. Chaudhry Muhammad Ghufran S.E. Canals Multan
02. Mehr Muhammad Amin Ex.En. Taunsa Barrage at 0697-42796
Kot Adu 0697-42094
03. Muhammad Munir Anjum SDO, TP Link, Kot Adu
04. Rana Muhammad Afzal SDO, Taunsa Barrage
05. Syed lnayatullah Shah Sub-Engineer Taunsa
Barrage
06. Malik Rashid Ahmed Asstt: Director, Fisheries,
Muzaffargarh
07. Khurshid Azam Qaisarani Distt. Wildlife Officer, 0661-423370
Muzaffargarh
08. Khurshid Alam Bhatti Sub-Engineer, Taunsa
Barrage
09. Munir Ahmed Inspector, Wildlife Deptt. 0661-423370
Muzaffargarh
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-1
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
10. Abdul Latif Employee, Wildlife Deptt, 0661-423370
Muzaffargarh
11. Allah Wasaya Office Incharge, Wild Life 0661-423370
Deptt. Muzaffargarh
12. Muhammad Aslam Khan Head Jamadar Taunsa
Barrage
13. Ghulam Shabbir Head Clerk, Forest Deptt.
Muzaffargarh
14. Engr. Tatsuhiko Mori Head, Sanyu Consultant They were on
Inc. Taunsa Barrage visit to Taunsa
15. Engr. Kiyoshi Hasegawa Yachiyo Engg. Company Barrage to
16. Engr. Kenji Nagata Yachiyo Engg. Company check the
17. Engr. Kansuke Hiroto Sanyu Consult. Co. PMU, mechanical
Taunsa condition of the
18. Engr. Hirodo Toshio Representative JICA Barrages
(Int'l.), Tokoyo Office gates. They
Japan had their ownoutlook of the
Project and
during
discussion
made valuable
contribution.
Meetings with officials provided multiple and diverse objectives such as:
- Provided a forum for the initial definition of critical environmental and social
issues.
- Established their interpretation, as official stake-holders, the key sector
development issues and linkages to the environment and social development.
- Confirmation of the suitability of initial list of communities selected for
consultation.
- Facilitation of Field Work.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-2
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Phase 2: involved the undertaking of a programme of semi-structured discussion in
communities in the project area of influence. This programme included both community
discussion and discussion with women only through women organization, some of the
selected members of the public of Taunsa Barrage area are listed below:
Table 6.2
List of Selected Community Representative
Sr.No. Name Village
01. Muhammad Ashraf Bait Qaimwala
02. Muhammad Aslam Bait Qaimwala
03. Sikandar Ali Bait Qaimwala
04. Sohail Akbar Bait Qaimwala
05. Muhammad Rafique Bait Qaimwala
06. Mulazim Hussain Bait Qaimwala
07. Muhammad Rafique Bait Qaimwala
08. Fayyaz Hussain Kot Addu
09. Noor Muhammad Kot Addu
10. Ali Muhammad KotAddu
11. Qasim Ali Kot Addu
12. Khushi Muhammad KotAddu
13. Muhammad Zakir Kot Addu
14. Baqir Hussain Kot Addu
15. Muhammad Asghar Mauza Chaudhrian
16. Sultan Ali Mauza Chaudhrian
17. Nizam Ali Mauza Chaudhrian
18. Khuda Bakhsh Mauza Chaudhrian
19. Muhammad Swar Mauza Chaudhrian
20. Salah-ud-Din Mauza Chaudhrian
21. Muhammad Sharif Taunsa Barrage
22. Shah Muhammad Taunsa Barrage
23. Muhammad Zuber Jannun Gher Mustaqil
24. Sabir Hussain Jannun Gher Mustaqil
25. Tahir Ali Jannun Gher Mustaqil
26. Shahid Hussain Jannun Gher Mustaqil
27. Munaffar Ali Jannun Gher Mustaqil
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-3
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Name Village
28. Ghulam Muhammad Jannun Gher Mustaqil
29. Shabbir Hussain Jannun Gher Mustaqil
30. Ghulam Akbar Jannun Gher Mustaqil
31. Sajjad Ahmed Daira Deen Panah
32. Ghulam Hussain Daira Deen Panah
33. Ghulam Hassan Daira Deen Panah
34. Shaukat Mahmood Daira Deen Panah
35. Kalb Abbas Daira Deen Panah
36. Muhammad Hanif Faqirwali
37. Ghulam Nabi Faqirwali
38. Abdul Karim Faqirwali
39. Abdul Rehman Faqirwali
40. Pir Khan Faqirwali
41. Ghulam Akbar Chah Doluwala
42. Muhammad Haneef Chah Doluwala
43. Muhammad Aslam Muslimwala
44. Muhammad Akhtar Muslimwala
45. Muhammad Asif Muslimwala
46. Ghulam Muhammad Muslimwala
47. Ahmed Bashir Noorani Taunsa Head
48. Bashir Ahmad Taunsa Head
49. Abdul Qadir Taunsa Head
50. Qadir Bakhsh Taunsa Head
6.2 MEETING WITH LOCAL COMMUNITIES
The semi-structured meetings with the community in and around the project area achieved
the following objectives:
* Eliminate the scare that the canals will remain closed during the construction of the
barrage for about four years. It was clarified that due measures will be taken that
canals would run as per usual programme and canal closure will take place only
under the notified canal closure programmes as follows:
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-4
-I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Name of Canals : Muzaffargarh Canal
D.G. Khan Canal
T-P Link Canal
Status of Canals : Non-Perennial
Period when Canals would run April 15 to October 15
Period of Canal Closure for December 22 to January 31
Repairs and maintenance
Only Drinking water released February 01 to April 14 and
October 16 to December 21
No change would be made in the existing capacity of canals, so no effect shall be impacted
on the canal command area. It was explained that project aimed at rehabilitating the Taunsa
Barrage and not to change the capacity of the barrage or increase or decrease the capacity
of canals.
* Eliminate the fear that for Contractor's labour camp, Material Depot, Machinery Yard,
access roads and work site, some private agricultural lands shall be acquired and
occupied and for that state does not possess a healthy record. Lands are occupied
immediately but compensation is delayed for generations. It was clarified that no private
land shall be required at all for the sub-weir, labour camp, material depot, machinery
yard, access roads or work basis. With the help of a map it was shown to the community
that adequate Irrigation & Power Department land and link roads existed to
accommodate all the requirement. No private agricultural land shall be acquired or
occupied so there was no question of compensation, resettlement or rehabilitation. And
the question of delayed compensation died down naturally.
* Settle down the concern that the workers and labour will be brought by the Contractor
from outside the project area and an opportunity of employment, generated by Taunsa
area shall be availed by people from other areas.
The community gathering was informed that it had been put as a condition in the Tender
Document as well as the Contract Document that maximum employment shall be offered to
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
the local labour/workers. On their question as to how much would be the employment, they
were given the following illustrative numbers:
Table 6.3
Employment Opportunity at Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project
Sr.No. Category Approximate Minimum Percentage of
Total Number Local Labour preferred for
employment
01. Skilled Labour 200 Open. As much as available
02. Semi-Skilled Labour 300 50 %
03. Un-Skilled Labour 1,500 100%
Total 2,000
The community expressed their satisfaction on the proposed arrangement.
* Fishermen of the community expressed the concern that the high level of construction
activity and noise level generated by it will disturb the Fish downstream the barrage
where fishing was allowed. They were informed that the construction activity will be
restricted to area downstream between 800 - 1500. The fish is mostly in calm water
behind the spurs. Their fishing activity downstream the new weir will proceed as per
rules of the Fisheries Department.
* Question was posed by the community that presence of some 2000 male members of
labour from general locality of project will not only restrict the chances of women
employment, but also cause moral and social problems for the free movement of local
women-folk in the area. It was clarified that strict discipline would be exercised on the
labour force by providing stringent clauses in the contract document. To cull out the
possibility of any moral issues or HIV/AIDS spread, a well organized campaign shall be
run. And if some women were interested in working on the project, they were most
welcome.
* With heavy project traffic on Kot Adu-Taunsa main road there is higher likelihood of road
accidents. It was clarified that due signology and necessary training would be adapted to
exclude possibility of road accidents. Efforts would be made that the work is generally
restricted to day light hours when possibility of road accident is lesser.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
WVith arrival of about 2000 additional persons, the prices of commodities in Kot Adu and
Taunsa markets would go up, and price index would go unfriendly for the local villagers.
It was clarified by some trade oriented people within the community that instead of rise in
price those would fall because larger market activity reduces the profit margin and the
price. General discussion on this point ended up in favour of the trade oriented group.
* The following points came up in open acceptance of the project:
> Greater employment opportunity was most welcome.
> Greater economic activity will alleviate poverty.
> Taunsa Barrage will be saved and given a longer lease of life and thus the
dependent agriculture.
> Present level of services i.e., electricity, communication, schooling, water supply etc.,
is likely to improve.
> Main Road will be improved making it traffic worthy for normal traffic and additional
traffic.
> Due to sanctuary, there is no fishing activity upstream of barrage. Diversification of
the opportunity of employment will help the fishermen to get employed on barrage.
* All the above points were reflected in Social Framework Agreement (SFA) from
community side while community obligations were included from the Irrigation and Power
Department.
6.3 PUBLIC HEARING
Fifteen days earlier then the Public hearing it was announced in the press and through local
publicity methods e.g., personal contacts, beat of drums, announcement on mosque
loudspeakers that a public hearing of Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project would be held
on August 23, 2004 at 11 AM at Dera Ghazi Khan as the town was almost in the middle of
the extended area of influence of the Project. The gathering took place in Irrigation Rest
House, Dera Ghazi Khan under the Chairmanship of Director EPA Punjab. Representatives
of all relevant Departments of District Government, Members of the press, the
representatives of Irrigation & Power Department and some 50 farmers or persons
interested in the welfare of Taunsa Barrage joined the gathering. Irrigation & Power
Department gave general introduction of the Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project and the
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-7
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
topic was made open to the House. Not all the points were relevant to the project, yet those
did reflect the general flow of ideas in the minds of the people. Some salient points were as
follows:
Points Raised Answers
* Obstruction of flow of main river through an ungated No such possibility existed.
weir may cause drainage problems The fear had no basis.
* What is the need of a wildlife Sanctuary. Why local Wildlife Sanctuary is a
fish, birds and animals are being refused to locals? remedy for deteriorated
ecosystem. It is not a use.
* Why silt is not removed from canals and why are the The canals at their present
canals not run on their full design capacity? capacity are enough to
irrigate the command area.
* Drinking water is priority No. 1. It must be ensured For drinking water some
that the canals keep flowing throughout the year. water will flow in canals even
when there is a closure.
What is the guarantee that the local labour would not It has been made a binding
be ignored? for the contractor to employ
local labour.
Will presence of 2000 labour improve the railway It is expected that market will
service? boom and better transport
including railway will become
available.
State never makes mistakes. It is expected that all We agree.
social values shall be duly conserved.
If Taunsa Barrage has lived its physical age, why a Financial constraints. The
new barrage is not being constructed? What is the present structure will serve
guarantee that stoppage of further deterioration will for another 50 years after
save the original structure also? rehabilitation and
modernization.
Will Indus Dolphin, water fowl, flora and fauna of The construction activity
wildlife sanctuary and RAMSAR site not be disturbed shall be downstream of the
due to partial closure of river during construction? barrage which is outside the
bounds of the wildlife
sanctuary and the RAMSAR
site. The construction will in
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-8
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
no way cause any negative
impaction on Indus Dolphin,
waterfowl resting and
nesting, flora and fauna ofthe pond above the Taunsa
Barrage.
Appropriate answers were provided by satisfied the people the Irrigation and PowerDepartment to all above questions and when the public hearing generally and overly, thegathering was in favour of the Project.
6.4 PUBLIC DISCLOSURE
The World Bank requires project proponents to carry out public consultation with affectedstakeholders. Accordingly the Public Hearing was carried out as explained above in Para 6.3and copies of EIA were placed at the office of EPA Punjab, at the Project Site i.e., TaunsaBarrage control office and the Punjab Public Library Lahore so as to be accessible to projectbeneficiaries, local NGOs and general public.
6.5 EPA OBSERVATIONS
As a result of their Field visits and Public hearing the EPA Punjab Made some observationson the Projects. Following are the annotated clarifications which were submitted to the EPAPunjab.
ANNOTATED REPLIES TO THE OBSERVATIONS MADE / INFORMATIONSOUGHT ONEIA REPORT OF "REHABILITATION AND MODERNIZATION OF TAUNSA BARRAGE"
Sr.No. Comments / Observation Reply
1. The effect of construction phase of the The Taunsa Wildlife Sanctuary, isproject on wildlife habitat, Dolphin located upstream of the existing barrage.Sanctuary and fish resources of the All the activities related to construction ofriverian tract located around Taunsa the proposed gateless weir will beBarrage, as the closure of half the width restricted to the locations clearly outsideof the barrage may increase water the wildlife sanctuary area. Closure of
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-9
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Comments / Observation Reply
velocity and erosion, may be identified part of river channel for construction
and suitable mitigation measures may work in the downstream for a limited
be suggested. period shall have no effect on the flora,
fauna and any other aspect of the
wildlife including Dolphin habitat.
2. The log of interaction with the local The process of public consultation has
communities/potential stakeholders been added to the report as an
which have been conducted during independent chapter 6 of the revised
scooping phase of EIA process may be draft report. In the initial, draft, this was
provided. The copy of questionnaire included in Chapter 1. Copy of the
form may also be included. questionnaire has been added in the
revised report and is also enclosed for
perusal and reference.
3. The copy of draft Social Framework A draft Social Framework Agreement
Agreement (SFA) may be provided. (SFA) has been added in the
recommendations contained in Chapter
8 of the Revised EIA Report. A copy of
the relevant pages is also enclosed.
4. The proponenVEIA consultant may The flow of DG Khan, Muzaffargarh and
explain that if the flow of DG Khan, TP Canals will remain within the
Muzaffargarh and TP Canals will be designated discharge range during
within the designated discharge range construction phase.
during construction phase of the project.
5. The primary data on air, water and soil For basic data on climate, soil water and
quality which has been obtained to air reliance was placed on the data
establish baseline environmental collected by meteorological department
conditions may be provided. as reported in PC-I of Taunsa Barrage
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-10
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Comments / Observation Reply
prepared by Irrigation & PowerDepartment in May 2003. The secondary
data was adequate and reliable. Anexercise to re-do the primary data would
be a duplication less accurate data, andtime and resource consuming process
and as such an un-necessary
undertaking.
6. Taunsa is a RAMSAR site for No construction or allied activity will takewaterfowls and Pakistan is signatory to place in the Taunsa Barrage Wildlifethe RAMSAR convention. The Sanctuary bounds, whole of which ispermission of RAMSAR Secretariat for located upstream of the existing barrage.execution of the subject project may be No disturbance is going to be caused toprovided. any of the flora, fauna, physical or socio-
economic aspects of the RAMSAR area.
It is, therefore, not necessary to involve
the RAMSAR Secretariat in an unrelatedmatter. All the construction activity willbe well outside the designated Wildlife
Sanctuary. The permission of RAMSAR
Secretariat for execution of this project isneither required nor applied for.
7. The projects borrow and waste disposal The project borrow areas are locatedsites may be identified. beside the right and left guide bunds.
These have been shown in the projectmap. These borrow areas areGovernment property and are alwayskept available for borrowing earthrequired for maintenance or new works,with no environmental effects. Theborrow depression are filled withsediment brought by river flows which
NDC NESPAK ATKINS 6-11
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Comments / Observation Reply
spill in the borrow pocket behind the
guide banks in a usual river
sedimentation process.
8. Pictorial presentation of the project is Pictures have been added appropriately
missing in the EIA Report. in the revised report. A set of the picture
is also enclosed for ready reference.
6.6 EPA APPROVAL
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Punjab accorded its approval for the project of
"Rehabilitation and Modernization of Taunsa Barrage" vide their letter No 352/F-93/0609/EIA
dated 06/09/2004 (see letter of approval at Annex-IV).
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 6-12
I
Environmental Impact Assessment andMitigation Measures
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
This section identifies the potential impacts of barrage rehabilitation works on the physical,
biological and socio-economic environment. The physical environment can further be split into
those impacting the soil, water and ambient air.
7.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT SOURCES
Environmental and social impact attributable to the Project can broadly be classified into those
taking place before construction and those occurring during operations. Some of the impacts
can be anticipated and avoided through appropriate adjustments/provisions in the project
design. Some can be mitigated by careful implementation of the Project while some other can
be adjusted with by appropriately following the operational manual and an affective
collaboration with communities.
Construction related impacts are heavily dependent on:-
* The contractor's work habits, especially those related to the storage of construction
materials and cleanliness of work site;
. Cooperation between local communities and local authorities and the contractor in terms of
observance of Social Framework Agreement (SFA) and use of public space and utilities;
. Project management's enforcement of correct construction practices and standards;
and
* The incorporation of mitigation measures identified in the EIA into the bid documents and
specifications.
* An effective collaboration with local communities in evolving a workable Social Framework
Agrement (SFA).
Operational impacts are usually linked, to the increase in the movement of project activities,
and the absolute volume on project works. These include increase in air, noise pollution,
accident, obstructions to borrowing process and disturbance in construction schedule.
In well designed and carefully executed projects, such effects are expected to be minimal. The
main impacts during construction are, therefore, expected to be of routine nature, and
effectively mitigable.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-1
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
The major operational issues are therefore related to the functioning of the completed gateless
weir in the physical environment and in particular to its effects on local hydrology and river flow.
For this Project, potential project impacts are reviewed under the following headings and by
pre-construction (design), construction and operational phases. The environments has been
studied under the following sub-heads:-
* Physical Environment
- Land Resource
- Hydrology and Water Resource
- Air Quality
- Noise Level
* Biological Environment
- Flora
- Fauna
- Fish
- Endangered Species
* Cultural and Historical Sites
* Socio-economic Environment
Table 7.1 provides a check list of potential impacts associated with the barrage rehabilitation
project in general divided into groups based on general environmental aspects which are
effected or likely to be effected from the modification in the flow of the river. The set of
impacts based upon physical, biological, cultural and social have been classified under pre-
construction (design), construction and operational phases. Each sub-factor has been
assessed as slight, moderate or significant. The assessed category has then been marked
as curable, reversible or irreversible. Each sub-factor so assessed has been shortly
discussed and explained in the part of the Chapter 7 following the Assessment Table 7.1.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-2
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Table 7.1
Evaluation of Environmental and Social Impacts of Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project
1. Pre-construction (Design) Phase
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3*+* 1 * 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3***
All impacts 1.1.1 Retrogression /
pertain to downstream
river 1.1.2 Pulsating Hydraulic /
behavior in Tun
combination 1.1.3 Damage to Frictionv
with Taunsa Blocks
Barrage. 1.1.4 Excessive exit _
The defects gradient
already 1.1.5 Increased risk of
developed piping failure
are being 1.1.6 Limitations developed
remedied due to silt deposit X
through the above the weir
project and 1.1.7 Uprooting of friction
are likely to block
recur if not 1.1.8 RCC monolicity _
forestalled defects
through 1.1.9 RCC quality control
appropriate defect
design 1.1.10 Oblique river approach =/
1.1.11 Haywire turbulence /
1.1.12 Heavy silting of basin =
1.1.13 Heavy silting of canals =
Avoidable through design (Preventive)Mitigation through contractor's obligation or by communities through social framework agreement(SFA) (curative)Non-reversible, Permanent change (to be adopted)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-3
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3***
1.1.14 Reduction in capacity
of barrage due to silt X
deposits
1.1.15 Abrasion of glacis
downstream
1.1.16 Shattering of concrete
floor due to
inconsistent
undersluice flours
1.1.17 Obstruction to
navigation in the river
1.1.18 Obstruction to fish
migration in the river
1.1.19 Obstruction to Indus
Dolphin
2. Construction Phase
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1 * 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3***
1 . Land 2.1.1 Site for disposal of
Resource waste construction /
material
2.1.2 Adjustment with
unstable location
appearing during
construction
2.1.3 Location of labour
camps, material
camp, equipment X
yards and approach
roads
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-4
FT--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IPunjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***
2.1.4 Limitation of
construction site other
then given at 2.1.2
above
2.1.5 Rehabilitation of
Project borrow sites
and storage of
materials
2.1.6 Stabilization of sites
on earth fill works
2.1.7 Contamination from
diesel and other spills
from construction
machinery
2.1.8 Drainages paths
roads crossed.
Damages by moving
machinery
2.1.9 Earthen embankment
or concrete work, X
edge scouring
2.1.10 Discharge to unstable
slopes or leakage on X
construction
2.1.11 Any discharge or
diversion of water to /
any grave yard etc.
2.1.12 Any discharge spill or
dumping out any
building or house on
river bank
2. 2.2.1 Source of construction
water
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-5
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***
Hydrology 2.2.2 Diesel and other fluids
and Water spilling over to river
Resources water from machinery
2.2.3 Protection of
construction work /
from floods
2.2.4 Obstruction of flow of
water down stream
2.2.5 Effect of surface flow
conditions
3. Air 2.3.1 Dust and smoke and
Quality and other pollutant from
Noise construction
Pollution machinery
2.3.2 Dust or other pollutant
from stored materials /
and spoil heaps
2.3.3 Smoke from burning
of waste materials or /
burning fire wood
2.3.4 Noise control from use
of old or outdated /
machinery
4. 2.4.1 Damage to biological
Biological resource Flora, /
Resource Fauna, Biota
2.4.2 Damage to Indus
Dolphin upstream or V
downstream
2.4.3 Disturbance to
Taunsa Wildlife
Sanctuary on
RAMSAR list
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-6
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3**| 1 2** 3 1 2** 3
5. Socio 2.5.1 Existing services;
Economic education health, 9
and electricity, water
Cultural supply etc.
Issues 2.5.2 Tribal tensions and
local rivalries on X
canals and aquatic life
2.5.3 Land ownership
2.5.4 Land acquisition
2.5.5 Access to other
construction materials
2.5.6 Adverse effects on
archaeological sites
2.5.7 Chance finds _
2.5.8 Grave yard and
burials
2.5.9 Public safety at
construction sites
2.5.10 Health and safety of
labour and employees X
on construction site
2.5.11 Employment =-
3. Operational Phase
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
1* 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3***
Monitoring 3.1.1 Strict application of the
prescribed M&E plan
Avoidable through design (Preventive)Mitigation through contractor's obligation or by communities through social framework agreement(curative)Non-reversible, Permanent change (to be adopted)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 7-7
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Assessment
Aspects Impacts Assessed Slight Moderate Significant
2 ** 3*** l' 2** 3*** 1 * 2** 3***
and 3.1.2 Continuous evaluation
evaluation of design efficiency
as per 3.1.3 Understanding and
operational training of operational '
manual and manual
monitoring 3.1.4 Environment annual
plan audit
3.1.5 Regular maintenance =
3.1.6 Staff welfare /
3.1.7 Continued public 9
consultation
3.1.8 Continued gender
issues and women /
consultation
3.1.9 Canals to run upto
their capacity not /
beyond
3.1.10 Refresher course forV
the operational staff
7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Table 7.1 provides a summary of the possible adverse environmental factors at pre-
construction, construction and operational phase and their degree of significance. This
section provides a brief explanation of each factor and suggests a mitigation measure for
that.
7.2.1 Preconstruction Phase
Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project mainly addresses the defects which have developed
over past 50 years in the overall design of the barrage and if not mitigated will threaten the very
existence of Taunsa Barrage and its allied benefits. The main defects of high significance which
are being addressed are:-
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Retrogression accompanied by pulsating Hydraulic jump, damage to friction blocks, reductionin discharge capacity of the barrage, excessive exit gradient, increased risk of piping failure andlimitation to lead across the weir from 30 feet down to 22 feet.
Mitigation Construction of a weir with appropriate design leading to elimination of thesedefects. Appropriate site is between 800' to 1500' downstream.
Uprootina of the friction blocks where top one foot thick reinforced cement concrete(1:2:5) skin is not constructed monolithic with the underlying main mass concrete owing towhich there exists a cleavage plan between the top skin concrete and main mass concrete.The mix ratio of 1:2.7:7 mass concrete is weak inherently. In addition its quality control wasnot proper.
Mitigation Through Proper design good specifications and monolicity ought to be esured.
* Oblique River Approach to Barrage On account of oblique river approach to the barragefrom right, the exit currents on the downstream also follow oblique direction. The obliqueexit results in formation of oblique jets, which sometimes are very strong and cause ahaywire turbulence which hamper the dissipation of energy thus worsening the condition inthe stilling basin.
Mitigation While designing the rehabilitation of the project, provide appropriate river trainingworks and provide a built in design for avoiding an oblique jet followed by disturbance in thestilling basin.
* Deficient thickness of downstream floor The weir and undersluice floor of TaunsaBarrage were designed as gravity type floor. But the design defects led to lifting of skinconcrete and shattering it into pieces.
Mitigation While redoing the downstream floor, the design should be prepared carefully andspecifications should be of high standard.
. Damage to glacis The glacis downstream of the gate line is badly abraded. Thereinforcement exposed by the eroded concrete has also been worn away to the extent thatpieces of reinforcement have fallen apart.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Mitigation This serious design defect can be removed by a proper design accompanied by
standard specifications at the design stage.
7.2.2 Construction Phase
(a) Land Resources
* Site for waste construction material
There is hardly any cutting involved. Most of the work would involve filling. There shall not
be much waste material for disposal or burial. If any such material does need a disposal,
enough land is available within 46 acres of Bela land where all activities pertaining to
Taunsa Barrage can be disposed off. Most suitable spot for such disposal is in the north-
eastern corner of the large piece of land of l&P Department.
Mitigation To be made contractor's obligation through contract document. This is a significant
but mitigable matter.
* Adiustment with unstable locations aPpearin-q durinq construction
In view of the calcareous and clayey nature of right bank some unprecedented situations may
be confronted.
Mitiqation Local readjustment in foundation treatment will be allowed to the contractor by the
RE.
* Location of Labour Camps, Material Camps. Equipment Yards and aDproach roads
Because of availability of l&P Department land and old workshop site, this will not cause any
serious problem.
Mitigation The Contractor will, in consultation with Resident Engineer, resolve the exact
location of all these facilities. In case the contractor opts to make his own arrangements, no
responsibility shall fall on Irrigation & Power Department.
* Limitations of Construction Site other than aiven at 2.1.2
Such situations may arise due to river behaviour or any unanticipated social event.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Mitigation Contractor in consultation with Resident Engineer will be contractually bound toresolve the issues(s), in the best interest of Irrigation & Power Department.
* Rehabilitation of Project borrow sites and Sites for storage of materials
Although these will be located in the l&P Department land, yet these must be restored to their
best conditions before the contractor closes his work. The borrow areas will be located on the
outer side of the upstream guide bunds.
Mitigation Contractor's obligation to restore the sites to their best form as per satisfaction ofResident Engineer. Ordinarily, such borrow areas get filled with spill of the river and the
sediments even them out in due course.
* Stabilization of sites on earth fill works
This is highly significant check point.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation and strict supervision by Resident Engineer.
* Agriculture Land or Crop Destruction
No agricultural land is involved anywhere in the project implementation. But at times such a
situation may arise due to mistake of contractor's labour or vehicle drivers, or Contractor's
deliberate option.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to compensate the farmers immediately. Such an
act by Contractor shall not accrue any responsibility on the Irrigation & Power Department.
* Contamination from diesel and other Spills from construction machinerv
At places it may be inevitable.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to impose strict rules not to cause spills. If it does,it must be followed by mopping up.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Earthen Embankments or Concrete Work. Edae Scourina
Must be dealt with design stage. Aprons should be provided to secure edges and specifications
must be kept of high standard.
Mitigation Design stage and strict application of operational manual.
* Discharge to unstable slopes or leakages on construction
If does, it must be contractor's obligation to not to let it happen.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation.
* Any Discharge or diversion of water to any graveyard
No such situation has been noticed so far. If it does at any stage it must be secured through rip-
rap work.
Mitigation Contingency may be provided in the BOQ and it should be entrusted to Contractor
as his contractual obligation.
* Any discharge. spill or dumpina onto any Building or house on river bank
No such situation has been noticed during surveys. Should a situation present itself during
project implementation, the owner may be compensated by the contractor.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to compensate such losses.
(b) Hydrology and water resources
* Sources of construction water
Ordinarily the river water is suitable. If obtained elsewhere, it must be compensated.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to pay for water obtained from source other than
river.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Diesel and other fluids spillina over the River from construction company
Same care as for material depots.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to not to let it happen. Should it happen it must
be duly mopped up.
* Protection of construction work from floods
A suitable flood warning system from l&P Department and full arrangement to save the box in
the river.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation to make fool proof arrangements in advance.
* Obstruction of water downstream
River flow downstream shall be facilitated by suitable arrangements agreed between the
contractor and the Resident Engineer.
Mitigation Contractor's contractual obligation.
* Effects of Surface flow conditions
Must be addressed at design stage.
Mitigation Design Engineer to accommodate this factor in the design so as to avoid negative
impacts.
(c) Air Quality and Noise Pollution
The possible impacts on air quality and noise level could be as follows:
* Dust and smoke and other pollutants from construction machinery.
* Dust or other pollutants from stored materials and spoil heaps.
* Smoke from burning of waste materials or burning firewood.
* Noise from use of old and outdated machinery.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Mitiaation Contractor's contractual obligation to keep these impacts under control by using
machinery which is well maintained and is almost noiseless. 20 kacha roads are sprinked with
water many times a day. Gas stoves are used in labour camps. The stored materials are
secured properly. RE makes strict inspections of all these facilities.
(d) Biological Resources
The anticipated biological impacts can be on the following:
* Damage to flora, fauna or biota.
* Damage to Indus Dolphin upstream or downstream.
* Disturbance to Taunsa Game Sanctuary as a RAMSAS site.
Mitigation
1. Contractor's obligation to strictly respect the limits of construction site, and not to enter the
wildlife sanctuary area at all.
2. Continuous inspection of the area jointly with other agencies involved in maintenance of
protected areas.
3. Provision of Fish Ladders and Navigation Lock, in the new weir.
(e) Socio-economic and cultural issues
These could be:-
* Disturbance to existing services; education, health, electricity, water supply or sinology.
* Aggravation of any Tribal Tensions and local rivalries on dispute on canal water or aquatic
life.
* Aggravation of dispute on land ownership.
* Any need for land acquisition.
* Access to other construction materials.
* Adverse effects on known archaeological sites.
* Dealing with chance finds.
* Dealing with grave yards or burials.
* Problem to ensuring public safety at construction site.
* Problem to Health and Safety of Labour and employees on construction work.
* Employment of locals.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Mitigation
1. Social Framework Agreement (SFA) with communities to ensure their participation inmatters pertaining to them.
2. All matters to be attended by the contractor, to be made his contractual obligation.
7.2.3 Operational Phase
At operational phase the Project Manager shall develop a comprehensive operational andMaintenance Manual as per ISO Standards. Monitoring and Evaluation has to be done as peroperational manual and monitoring plan. Mistakes at operational level or handling of operationsby untrained staff can prove very costly. Important points to be attended at operation stage areas follows:
* Comprehensive O&M Rules as per ISO Standard.
* Strict application of prescribed M&E Plan.
* Continuous evaluation of design efficiency.
* Understanding and Training of Operational Manual.
* Environmental Annual Audit.
* Regular Maintenance of Engineering Works.
* Staff Welfare.
* Continued Public Consultation.
* Continued attention towards Gender Issues and Women Consultations.
* Canals to run upto their capacity and not beyond.
* Refresher courses for operational staff.
The operational life of the rehabilitation work and the rehabilitated Taunsa Barrage shall bedirectly proportionate to the degree of seriousness attached with the above operational andmaintenance obligations.
7.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS
In ultimate analysis, the impacts of the project on social and economic activities in the area willbe mostly positive. The economic analysis shows very high economic benefits compared tocost. The economic benefits of the project are:
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
i. Boost to agriculture through ensured and enhanced irrigation in at least three Districts of
Muzaffargarh, Dera Ghazi Khan and Rajanpur.
ii. Increased economic activity will improve transport and will ensure easy marketing of
agricultural produce and the Mango crops.
iii. With improved economy, there shall be improvement in service areas and wider
opportunities for employment, education, healthcare especially for women and children.
iv. Possible stimulus to other diversified economic development such as Tourism
development programmes.
v. Employment during construction, a large number of semi and unskilled workers in the
service area will be hired.
vi. Greater awareness about Health care including HIV/AIDS amongst the labour and the
closely community.
At micro-level, the hustle and bustle of the economic activities may bring the cost of living down
by making essential commodities at cheaper rates. This combined with higher incidence of
employment will bring the poverty line from 38% to 25%.
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8Environmental Management Plan
iiri
I
I
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
8.1 GENERAL
This Chapter contains the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the Project. It has three
components:
* Mitigation Plan
* Monitoring Plan
* Institutional Strengthening
Most of the proposed EMP mitigation activities will be assured under provisions in the
Engineering Design, provisions in the construction contracts, Engineering Supervision contract
and as necessary by agreement with communities.
8.2 MITIGATION PLAN
The mitigation plan includes measures to mitigate potential negative project effects and
enhance its positive impacts (as analysed and brought forth in Chapter 7) during initial physical
works and normal operations of the barrage. These are summarized in this section in a
comprehensive EMP in Table 8.1. This table also provides a "check list" for those responsible
for implementation and monitoring of EMP.
Table 8.1
Mitigation Summary
Table below provides an illustrative summary of mitigation measures with estimated quantities
and costs:
Sr.No. I Impact Mitigation Measures | Quantities & Costs
(A) Land Resources
01. Location of the The site "A" is the best suited as
construction site for compared to the site B&C.
the main weir of the Calculation reflected in
rehabilitated Site A is 1500 feet away BOQ and the Q.
barrage Site B was 800 feet away
From main barrage.
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Sr.No. Impact Mitigation Measures Quantities & CostsBy locating weir A gave thefollowing advantages:
- Optimal distance from barrage
to the river floor.
- Maximum consolidated
- Minimal scouring
- Site B gives the same results
with less cost Choose A or Bafter
simulation.
02. Site for extraction of The contractor will rehabilitate Calculation reflected infill material these sites so it will be involved in BOQ in the design
the contractor's obligations as section.
defined in the above.03. Site for disposal of - Contractor's obligation defined Calculation as
water construction in the contract document. reflected in BOQ andweir shown in design
- Community obligations in Social
Framework Agreement (SFA)04. Adjustment with The specifications will be Readjustment to be
unstable site during modified/changed to stabilize the taken as a part of theconstruction situation. Foundation depth may BOQ.especially in be readjusted. Contractor'sfoundation obligation to point out such
situation at once.05. Location of labour Contractor's obligations defined Calculation reflected in
camps, materials, in the contract defined in the BOQ in the design.equipment and contract document.special approaches Community obligations in Socialroutes and roads. Framework Agreement (SFA).
06. Relocation of Contractor's obligation defined in Calculation ascamps, material, the contract document and reflected in BOQ.equipment and community obligations as statedapproach routes in SFA.
and roads.
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Sr.No. Impact Mitigation Measures Quantities & Costs
07. Rehabilitation of Contracts obligation as defined in Calculation as per
labour site, storage the contract document and BOQ.
material sites, etc. community obligations as defined
in SFA.
08. Stabilization of Initially the problem will be Quantities as per
slopes on earth fill avoided through appropriate BOQ.
work. design. Also it will be contractor's
obligation to ensure the
stabilization of slopes.
09. Contamination from It will be contractor's obligation to Cost to be reflected in
Diesel and other avoid such spills and misuse of BOQ.
spills from machinery. Provision should be
construction made in the contract document.
machinery
10. Damages, paths, Contractor's obligation reflected Cost to be reflected in
roads and linear in the contract. the BOQ.
fixtures
crossed/damaged
by machinery
moving to and from
the construction
site.
11. Earthen Contractor's obligation as Cost to be reflected in
embankment or reflected in the contract. BOQ.
concrete work edge
scouring on the
protection bunds or
main sill structure
12. Exposure of any Contractor's obligation as Cost to be reflected in
unstable slopes reflected in the contract. BOQ.
uncompacted
embankments or
leakage into
construction block.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Impact Mitigation Measures Quantities & Costs13. Any discharge or Contractor's obligation As Cost to be reflected in
diversion of water to provided in the contract. BOQ.a graveyard or
archaeological site. In collaboration with the(No such situation communities as per Social
found at this stage). Framework Agreement (SFA).
14. Any discharge spill Contractor's obligation as Cost to be reflected inor dumping on a provided in the contract BOQ.building or house on document.
the bank of the
river.
(B) Water Resources
15. Sources of Procurement sites to be specified Cost to be reflected inconstruction water in the contract document and BOQ.
made an obligation of the
contractor. Main Source: River.
Source other than River is
Contractor's own responsibility.
16. Diesel and other Contractor's obligations not to Cost to be reflected influids spilling over to allow this to happen as per BOQ.
river water from provisions in the contract
construction document. If it happens, mopping
machinery. up is Contractor's obligation.
17. Necessary for Contractor to make suitable Cost to be reflected inprotection of arrangement as part of the BOQ.construction work contract.
from floods.
18. Obstruction of flow The contractor will ensure that as Cost to be reflected inof water par of his contract no obstruction BOQ.downstream is caused to the downstream
water flow
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Impact Mitigation Measures Quantities & Costs
(C) Air Quality and Noise Pollution
19. Dust, smoke and Contractor's obligation as part of Cost to be covered in
other potential contract to ensure that such BOQ.
pollutants from pollutants are not emitted.
construction Suitable provisions to be made in
machinery. the contract documents.
20. Smoke from burning Contractor's obligation to provide Cost to be covered in
of waste material or gas to the labour and not to allow BOQ
burning of firewood them to use fuel wood.
in the labour camp
21. Noise from use of Contractor's obligation to use Any costs to be
old or outdated appropriate and fit machinery. reflected in BOQ.
machinery.
(D) Biological Resources
22. Damage to i. Contractor's obligation as per Any costs to be
biological resources contract. reflected in BOQ.
during construction.
ii. Local communities to be
involved through SFA.
23. Damage to Indus i. Specific obligation of the Any costs to be
Dolphin upstream or contractor, not to cause damage reflected in BOQ.
downstream or on to the Indus Dolphin.
construction site.
ii. Any special structures to be
built to facilitate the local ponding
of Dolphin.
24. Disturbance to i. In case any change or Any costs to be
Taunsa Barrage disturbance is anticipated it must incurred may be
Game Sanctuary be intimated to RAMSAS reflected in BOQ
which also is a secretariat.
RAMSAR site. ii. Locally, not much change is
expected. If some structures to
conserve RAMSAR site are
required, these be provided.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. I Impact Mitigation Measures | Quantities & Costs
(E) Socio-economic and Cultural Issues
25. Existing service Service facilities may be No cost to Project and
facilities like regularized through a Social I&P Department.
education, health, Framework Agreement (SFA)
electricity, drinking between Project, the concerned
water supply, public Service Departments and
gatherings, religious Communities.
congregations etc.
26. Tribal Tensions and Communities can help to resolve No cost to Project.
local rivalries on the tribal matters through a SFA.
running canals and
use of aquatic life.
27. Land Acquisition Not involved in this project. No cost involved.
28. Chance Finds Should a chance find, it will be No cost to Project.
handled according to the laws
promulgated by the Provincial
Government through the
Archaeological Department.
29. Adverse effects on No archaeological site has been No cost to the Project
archaeological sites. discovered or reported so far, or Government.
within or within the vicinity of the
project area. Should there be a
"find" it will be handled as per
relevant law.
30. Any grave yards No serious threat so far. Should a No cost to Project or
and burial place. grave-yard or a burial place be Provincial
discovered or reported, it will be Government.
saved and protected.
31. Public Safety at i. Accurate and appropriate Any cost incurred to
Construction Site sinology during construction and be included in the
operation phase. BOQ.
ii. Right of way to public traffic
and pedestrians guaranteed.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Impact Mitigation Measures Quantities & Costs
iii. A well worked out SFA so that
communities know as to how to
use and protect facilities.
32. Employment Communities to be taken into No cost to the Project.
Opportunities confidence through an SFA that
maximum number of unskilled
and semi-skilled workers will be
recruited locally, during
construction as well as
operational phase.
8.3 MITIGATION (AVOIDANCE) OF ADVERSE IMPACTS AT DESIGN PHASE
Built in, inherent and devastatingly negative impacts can be invited through an unsound design
and most negative factors can be avoided (eliminated) through the use of improved and
environmentally sound technical designs. Usually, the engineers find a compromise
somewhere in between to adjust with the available finances. The secondary weir has, however,
been designed on modern lines, in fact imbibing state of the art model. It has been ensure that
the old age defects, which have appeared over past 50 years, are eliminated and no similar
defects ever reappear. Most significant of these negative impacts have been listed and
discussed in this report, at various places, under Pre-construction (Design) phase mitigation. To
name them, these are Retrogression, Uprooting of friction blocks, oblique river approach
deficient thickness of downstream floor and damage to glacis. The project in hand in fact is a
rehabilitation move for the old project through a sound design.
8.4 TENDER AND CONSTRUCTION PHASE
8.4.1 Impact Reduction Measures
There are specific measures required of contractor to reduce the potential impacts of physical
works and also the proposals for monitoring contractor's compliance/performance during
construction. These measures will be detailed in the construction tenders.
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The contract document will contain requirements for:
* Proper management of construction waste.
* Control measure for waste fuel.
* Oil lubricants; reduction of noise and dust level.
* Rehabilitation of areas used for construction detours and sites used to temporarily store
construction materials.
* Use and proper maintenance of equipment with appropriate noise and smoke abatement
control.
Specific provisions will also be included to mandate the use of formal health and safety
measures to minimize accidents and avoid fatalities during the construction process.
Advisory elements to address a number of other issues will also be included in the contract.
These will include:
* Road Closures: For transporting construction material or conveying heavy machinery to
the site, main barrage road may have to be temporarily closed and access of public for
certain period may have to be blocked. The dates, timings and duration of such periods will
need to be agreed with authorities and communities.
* Cultural and Historical Resources: Communities shall be requested to identify in the field
all known sites of cultural and historical value that may be affected by the project for the
contractor.
* Archaeological Field Support: The Government of the Punjab will make available (on
demand) a qualified archaeologist to conduct field investigations when important search
work and new material sites are opened. No such site is yet in view but just in case it does,
the services of archaeologist can be had.
* Graveyard and Burials: If unrecorded graveyards and/or burials are found during the
course of construction activities, the supervision agency will contact and work with local
religious authorities within the project area to allow for possible identification of the remains
and when appropriate, properly undertake relocation and burial.
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* Local Employment: The contractor is advised that both unskilled labour and skilled
masons/mistries/store workers are easily available from local communities as and when
required. There is no obligation to hire local labour but it is desirable that some employment
benefits are made available to local communities.
* Land Acquisition and other compensation: During the community consultation, in the
project area, it was made clear by the communities hat they would expect due
compensation, if in anyway their buildings, trees or land was affected or destroyed during
construction of the secondary weir or any of its allied structures. Uptil now, in this project, no
such case is involved.
* Resource use Agreements - Construction Materials: Earth is available along protection
bunds from Government land. The river bed sand is fit for use in construction. Stones are
available from Sakhi Sarwar in Dera Ghazi Khan at about 112 Kms from the construction
site. Yet there may be a need for additional agreements with public to obtain materials. In
that case the Farm land should be given the lowest priority in sourcing the fill material
wherever the borrow pits are dug, considerable care should be taken in its location. The site
may invariably be rehabilitated after use. Ideal is that the site is made good to a condition
similar to that prior to the project. It will be helpful if photographs of pre-project condition
may be used for comparative purposes.
* Resource use Agreements - Water: Although ample quantities of good water are
available as surface and ground water in the project area, yet, the contractor will be
required to detail daily water demands and indicate source of water prior to the start of
construction. It may also be required as to the disposal of waste water without polluting
fertile soil, clean river water or ambient air.
8.4.2 Pretender Conference
To ensure full understanding of above clauses by prospective contractors, all prequalified
contractors will attend a pre-tender conference, where they will be briefed on their
responsibilities with regard to environmental, social and health and safety issues. These
briefings will review specific provisions of the construction tender documents and contracts.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
8.4.3 Preconstruction Coordination Meeting
Once a contract is awarded the contactor will be required to attend coordination meeting(s) with
project authorities and local communities. At these meetings the Project Manager and the
Resident Engineer of the Project will further explain the Terms and Conditions of the Contract,
especially the narrated above, if possible with respect to specified physical sites listed in the
contract document.
8.5 OPERATIONAL PHASE - MANAGEMENT OF OPERATIONAL IMPACTS
The Project will also address future maintenance impacts. These may be implemented through
specially requested financial support through Finance Department as recurring budget to avoid
deterioration of the rehabilitated barrage and associated hydrological problems. Maintenance
agency/contractor will be required to follow procedures similar to those for the construction
contractors concerning proper disposal of construction waste, control measure, for waste fuel,
oil and lubricants and adoption of health and safety measures for personnel.
8.6 MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL IMPACTS
Social Impact will be managed primarily through Social Framework Agreement (SFA between
Irrigation & Power Department, and the communities living in the vicinity of the Project area.
The SFA will be drafted and signed when the project is finally approved and the implementation
commences. A draft agreement has been provided which may be updated, if any clause is
missing.
8.7 MONITORING PLAN
* Environmental Impacts
The Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP) will be implemented by the Resident Engineer or a
Monitoring and Evaluation Officer or a Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, specially authorized for
this purpose by the Irrigation & Power Department. For further description such authorized
person may be called the M&E Unit.
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The M&E Unit will monitor application of environmental measures for detailed design,
construction and bidding for rehabilitation contracts for the barrage. The results of M&E
activities will be included as a routine elements of reports prepared by the Project Manager, the
Irrigation & Power Department and the visiting World Bank Mission.
The monitoring programme will comprise of the site inspections designed to determine
contractor compliance or otherwise with the EMP and other applicable regulations and statutes.
Monitoring programme designed to provide quantitative assessments of environmental
parameters under pre and post project conditions are not proposed. It is agreed that:
* Any project effects will be easily identified by site inspections and in discussions with site
incharge(s), RE, and local communities.
* The project is a localized activity and the changes to the environment are likely to be
minimum.
* Except for some unanticipated factors, originating from off site facilities, the Project is not
likely to cause any disamenity to the communities anywhere, even for a limited period. At off
site facilities, if needed, inspections (and complaints if any) will indicate whether any further
action needs to be taken.
The proposed site inspections should be carried out on a regular basis but not necessarily to a
structured pattern. However, as a minimum, M&E activity the programme outlined in Table 8-2
below should be observed:
Table 8-2
Minimum Monitoring Plan
Sr.No. Project Phase Proposed Minimum Inspections
01. Preconstruction One visit to main project site.
One visit each to each Borrow Site, Camp Site,
Material Depot Site, proposed machinery yard and
other proposed sites.
One visit to each community.
One visit to proposed water source.
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Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Sr.No. Project Phase Proposed Minimum Inspections
02. Construction Visits to main project site at 20%, 50%, 75% and
100% completion stage.
One visit to other project sites every quarters.
03. Post Construction One visit to each constructed site (part) site during
construction.
Two visits to each remediation site 12-18 months after
rehabilitation and modernization of barrage.
It is also anticipated that additional inspection will be required in response to any complaints by
local communities. So another two visits per quarter may be budgeted for M&E Units.
For the inspection process to function, access to the project and other related sites must be
guaranteed. Accordingly, the contract documents and operating documents shall incorporate a
phrase with similar intent to that outlined below:
Any officer authorized in writing by Project Manager/lrrigation & Power Department or
Environmental Protection Council (EPC), may at any time enter any premises whether
prescribed or otherwise and may:
* Examine and inspect equipment, control equipment, monitoring equipment or plant.
Take samples of any pollutants that are emitted, discharged or deposited, or are likely
to be or are of a class or kind that are usually emitted, discharged or deposited from
such premises.
* Examine any books, records or documents relating to the performance or use of such
equipment, control equipment, monitoring equipment or plant or relating to the emission,
discharge or deposit from such premises.
* Photograph such premises as he considers necessary or make copies of any book,
records or documents seen in the course of such examination.
After construction the sub-weir will require only limited maintenance. There are no facilities,
maintenance yards or any other sites proposed to be developed specifically for the project
operation and maintenance. There will, therefore, be no requirement for a fixed program of site
inspections during this phase. Resources should however be made for a limited program of
random inspections intended to ensure that maintenance contractors comply with the
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procedures outlined for all contractors with regard to such matters as waste materials disposal,
and the application of appropriate health and safety measures.
* Socio-economic Impact
A programme is proposed to monitor key social development and economic indicators as a
means of defining overall project performance.
These indicators include:
* Area expanded under Agriculture
* Prices of essential commodities (cost of living)
* Any improvement in marketing of Agri produce
* Other poverty and gender indicators
* Any Improvement in performance of main barrage and canals.
These socio-economic indicators have been selected on the bases of the base line data
collected for this project.
8.8 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
8.8.1 Management Responsibility
Responsibility for environmental management will rest with agencies of the Irrigation and Power
Department, Government of the Punjab.
(i) The Executing Agency : Irrigation & Power Department
(ii) Supervising Agency : Project Manager (PM)
appointed by Irrigation & Power Department
(iii) Monitoring Agency : Environmental Unit
(RE or M&E Officer or M&E Unit)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-13
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
(i) The Executing Agency
The Executing Agency will assume overall responsibility for ensuring:
a) The design and assessment of the physical work options in accordance with
environmental norms, regulations and requirements promulgated by Pakistan
Environmental Agency, Punjab and EPC Pakistan.
b) Overall responsibility for project implementation of the activities under the project EMP.
Consulting design engineers will assist the executing agency by providing alternative line
designs and with the preparation of the bidding documents with specific actions taking into
account environmental protection requirements. Contractors will be responsible for the
implementation of the upgrading / rehabilitation works in accordance with the environmental
requirements speicified in the bidding documents.
(ii) SuDervising Agency
The Project Manager appointed by the Irrigation & Power Department, Government of the
Punjab will be the Supervising Agency and will be responsible for the timely and sound
execution of works and activities in sequence under the project.
(iii) Monitoring Agency
It is intended to create an environmental unit (EU) within Irrigation & Power Department to
monitor project performance. The function of this Unit will be:
a) The EU may consist of only RE or an M&E Officer or a Committee called the
Environmental Committee.
b) Post construction road maintenance activities will be implemented in coordination with
the Barrage Maintenance Manual and those institutions responsible for its safety.
c) The EU will be staffed with qualified personnel before project effectiveness. The Project
Manager will also be responsible for the implementation of the EMP. External project
monitoring and evaluation will be carried out by the World Bank (WB).
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-14
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
8.8.2 Institutional Strengthening
The existing organogram of the l&P Department can be seen in Figure 8.1 in which a PMO
shall be created to manage the project during construction. As a part of the PMO, an
Environmental Unit (EU) has been proposed. At operational phase a suitable recurring
arrangements shall be made. Institutional strengthening activities will be necessary to facilitate
implementation of the EMP. The staff of Environmental Unit will receive training before
commencing their full scale work.
The EU staff should in turn be required to provide in house training on Environmental
Management to rest of the technical staff employed on the project or barrage complex
management.
8.8.3 Reporting and Supervision
* Reportinq
After each inspection by EU a report shall be compiled that is location and activity specific. This
shall identify areas of contractor non-compliance with the EMP and provide guiding remarks on
actions to be taken. The significance of the non-compliance shall also be noted. These reports
shall be prepared by the EU. Copies of these reports shall be sent to the Project Manager who
shall forward them to the Resident Engineer, Irrigation & Power Department and the Contractor
for their action.
The Project Manager will include in his routine reports a summary status of activities relating to
the EMP. As necessary, supplemental reports with greater detail than the routine reports should
also be prepared.
* Supervision
The Supervision Plan for the Project will include provisions for the participation of World Bank
environmental staff in supervision missions, as appropriate and subject to available funding, to
review progress in implementation of the EMP. The performance of the Project Manager in the
implementation of these activities under the Project will be a standard element of supervision
mission reports, including these from the Early Implementation Assessment, and the
Implementation Completion Mission.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-15
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
8.9 COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF EMP
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
(A) PRECONSTRUCTION: DESIGN PHASE
All impacts pertain to River behaviour in combination with Taunsa Barrage. The negative
impacts already developed are being remedied through the project design and are likely to
recur if not forestalled through appropriate design. All the following impacts can be avoided
through a good design at preconstruction (design) stage:
1 .
Retrogression Technically Corresponding Design Engineer EU/PMO
Downstream sound and sound (DE)
economical specification in
design of Tender and
secondary weir Contract
Documents
2. Pulsating Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
Hydraulic Jump sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
secondary weir Contract
Documents
3. Damage to Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
friction blocks sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
secondary weir Contract
Documents
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-16
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
4. Excessive Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
Exit Gradient sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
structure Contract
Documents
5. Increased Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
risk of piping sound and sound
economical specification in
design and Tender and
specifications Contract
Documents
6. Limitation Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
due to silt sound and sound
deposit above economical specification in
weir design of Tender and
structures. Contract
Documents
7. Uprooting of Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
friction block sound and sound
economical specification in
design and Tender and
specifications. Contract
Documents
8. RCC Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
monlicity sound and sound
defects economical specification in
design and Tender and
specifications. Contract
Documents
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-17
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
9. RCC Quality Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
Control defect sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
structures. Contract
Documents
10. Oblique Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMORiver approach sound and sound
economic design specification in
of structures. Tender and
Contract
Documents
11. Haywire Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMOTurbulence sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
structures Contract
Documents
12. Heavy Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
Silting of Basin sound and sound
economical specification in
design of allied Tender and
structures Contract
Documents
13. Heavy Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
Silting of sound and sound
Canals economical specification in
design of canal Tender and
Headworks Contract
Documents
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-18
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
14. Reduction Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
in Capacity sound and sound
economical specification in
design for silt Tender and
control Contract
Documents
15. Abrasion of Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
glacis sound and sound
downstream economical specification in
design for glacis Tender and
Contract
Documents
16. Sheltering Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
of concrete floor sound and sound
due to economical specification in
inconsistent design of sulice Tender and
undersluice Contract
floor Documents
17. Obstruction Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
to Navigation sound and sound
economical specification in
design of Tender and
Navigation Lock Contract
Documents
18. Obstruction Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMO
to Fish sound and sound
Navigation economical specification in
design of Fish Tender and
Ladder Contract
Documents
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-19
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses19. Obstruction Technically Corresponding (DE) EU/PMOto Indus sound and sound
Dolphin economical specification in
design for Tender and
building local Contract
habitats for Documents
Dolphin
Construction Phase
1. LAND RESOURCES
1.1
Site for disposal Controlled Contractor's RE1 EU/PMO3
of waste disposal of the obligation asconstruction waste defined in the DE2
material construction contract
material on documents
agreed site in
agreed method
1.2
Adjustment with The specification Contractor's RE and DE with EU/PMOunstable will be obligation as approval of PMlocations modified/changed defined in theappearing to stabilize the contract
during situation. document
construction Foundation depth
especially in can be changed.
foundation
' RE Resident Engineer2 DE Design Engineer3 PMO Project Management OfficeEU Environment Unit
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-20
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
1.3
Location of There are control Contractor's RE EU/PMO
camps, measures obligations to
materials, involved in the locate these
equipment and contractor's sites in
special obligations. agreement with
approach RE as per
routes and contract and
roads community
obligation as
per SEA.
1.4
Limitation of These sites will Contractor's RE EU/PMO
construction be rehabilitated obligations
site other than by the contractor, defined in
given at 1.2 so it will be contract data
above involved in and SFA with
contractor's community.
obligations.
1.5
Rehabilitation of These sites will Contractor's RE EU/PMO
project be rehabilitated obligation
extraction sites by the contractor, defined in
and storage so it will be contract data
materials involved in
contractor's
obligations.
1.6
Stabilization of Appropriate Preferably Design Engineer EU/PMO
slopes on earth design for whole of (DE)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-21
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
fill works protection and problem ought
minimizing to be mitigated and
downstream through design.
effects. For any further Resident
eventuality, it is Engineer (RE)
contractor's
obligation to
minimize the
downstream
impact.
1.7
Agriculture land Cuts, fills, digging Contractor's RE EU/PMOdestruction and borrow obligation to
(Not anticipated operations to be refrain from
at this stage) controlled. entering into
unauthorized
Disposal of waste agricultural land
material to be to be defined in
controlled. the contract
document
clearly.
1.8
Contamination These are control Contractor's RE EU/PMO
from diesel and measures obligations
other spills from involved in defined in
construction contractor's contract data
machinery. obligation, under
contract.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-22
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
1.9
Drainages, Temporary Contract DE EU/PMO
paths, roads protection to be document and
any linear provided to help drawings to And
fixtures drainage to cross clearly spot
crossed/ by providing such points and RE
damaged by culverts or piping, contract
machinery and protecting document may
moving to and other fixtures. make it
from the contractor's
construction obligations to
site. make
temporary
arrangements.
1.10
Earthen It will be Contract DE EU/PMO
embankment or protected by documents and
concrete work protection walls, Drawing to And
edge scouring or stone rip-rap indicate such
on the work. spots and to RE
Protection make it
Bunds or on contractor's
main sill obligation to not
structure. to allow
scouring.
1.11
Discharge to Must be Provision in DE EU/PMO
unstable protected by contract
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-23
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
slopes, providing water documents and And
uncompacted diversion drawings.
embankments techniques as RE
or leakages into well as riprap
construction work as the case
block. may be.
1.12
Any discharge No graveyard Contract DE EU/PMO
or diversion of was seen near document,
water to any construction site drawing and And
graveyards or during survey. If it community
archaeological does emerge if obligation in RE
sites. must be Social
protected by rip- Framework
rap work. Agreement
(SFA).
1.13
Any discharge, It must be Contract DE EU/PMO
spill or dumping protected by a document and
onto any wall, retaining drawing. And
building or walls or rip-rap
house on the work as the case RE
bank of the may be.
river.
2. HYDROLOGY AND WATER
2.1
Source of River water and Contract RE EU/PMO
Construction groundwater Documents and
water. available in Contractor's
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-24
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
nearly tubewell is obligations.
suitable.
However, the
groundwater
must be used
carefully.
2.2
Diesel and Thee are control Contractor's RE EU/PMO
other fluids measures obligations to
spilling over to involved in the be clearly
River water contractor's defined in
from obligations. contract
construction document.
machinery.
2.3
Protection of Although very Contractor's RE EU/PMO
construction unlikely, yet obligation and
work from flood. provision ought drawings to
to be made to keep contractor
protect the alert and
structures in the equipped
event of flood by against any
temporary such
protection of eventuality.
works under
consideration.
2.4
Obstruction of Providing proper Contractor's RE, EU/PMO
flow of water diversion for obligation and
downstream water flow. coordination XEN
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-25
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
with the
By suitably Barrage Taunsa
opening and Management Barrage
closing of Authorities and
Barrage gates. suitable
provisions in
SFA to prepare
communities,
especially
Fishermen, for
such a
readjustment.
3. AIR QUALITY AND NOISE POLLUTION
3.1
Dust and Using strict Contractor's RE EU/PMO
smoke and standards for obligation
other potential maintenance of defined in
pollutants from contractor's contract data.
construction machinery.
machinery.
Sprinkling of
water wherever
earth is dumped.
Provision of
protective masks
to work force in
all areas.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-26
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
3.2
Dust or other Preferably Contractor's RE EU/PMO
pollutants from location away obligation
stored materials from the defined in the
and spoil heaps communities. contract
document.
OR
Covering the
materials and
effective control
of the fugitive
dust during
delivery.
3.3
Smoke from Prohibition on Contractor's RE EU/PMO
burning of burning of waste obligation
waste materials material. It defined in
or burning of should be buried contract data to
firewood in the at a preselected refrain from
labour camp. and agreed safe burning waste
place. material and
fuelwood and to
Supply of Fon provide
Gas to labour substitute for
camp. Prohibition fuelwood.
of burning
fuelwood in the
Camp.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-27
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation ResponsibilityMitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses3.4
Noise control There are control Contractor's RE EU/PMOfrom use of old measures obligation
or outdated involved in defined in themachinery contractor's contract
obligations to use document.
appropriate
machinery and
avoid creating
noise at night.
4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
4.1
Damage to Unnecessary and Contractor's RE EU/PMOBiological out of bound obligation in theresources activities and contract toduring movements respect wildlife,construction should be Forest and
prohibited for all. Fisheries Laws.
(continued)
A special clause
incorporated in
the contract
documents to
respect and
conserve bio-
diversity and
conserve its
terrestrial as
well as aquatic
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-28
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
habitat.
To provide RE EU/PMO
necessary Sign
Boards to make
labour, visitors
and all
concerned
aware of their
obligations
towards Biota.
4.2
Damage to To facilitate RE EU/PMO
Biological inspections by
resources Wildlife, Forest
during and Fisheries
construction Officers to
ensure a proper
implementation
of the relevant
laws.
To involve RE EU/PMO
communities
through SFA.
4.3
Damage to Catching, killing, Contractor's EU/PMO
Indus Dolphin poaching, eating obligation in the
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-29
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clausesupstream or or chasing the contract at thedownstream or Indus Dolphin pain of heavyon construction upstream or penalty tosite. downstream the protect Dolphin.
Taunsa Barrage
to be strictly Wildlife Law to
prohibited. conserve
Dolphin to be
provoked
separately
through Wildlife
Department to
deter offender.
Involve public in
the awareness
and Dolphin
conservation
through SFA.
4.4
Disturbance to Notification of Contractor's RE EU/PMOTaunsa Game Game Sanctuary obligations.
Sanctuary which expired in
upstream 1998, should be SFATaunsa got revived for
Barrage which next five (05) Appropriate
also on years. application of
RAMSAR list. Wildlife
Complete Fisheries and
Prohibition of any Forest Laws.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-30
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
activity, even
Fisheries
exploitation or
grazing of cattle
within the bounds
of the Game
Sanctuary.
In collaboration
with VVildlife
Department
assess if the
objections of the
Game Sanctuary
are fulfilled.
5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ISSUES
5.1
Socio-economic Social Contractor's RE EU/PMO
and cultural consultation was obligation
issues, e.g., done and all defined in
existing service impacts contract data
facilities like influencing the and community
education, communities obligation in
health, were defined, Social
electricity, and all those Framework
drinking water factors were Agreement
supply, public added into and (SFA).
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-31
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clausesgathering, incorporated in
religious the contract
congregation, document of the
etc. contractor and
SFA of the
communities.
5.2
Tribal Tensions All such issues to Contractor's RE EU/PMOand Local be defined and obligations
Rivalies on incorporated in defined inrunning canals Contract contract data
and use of Document and and SFA.
aquatic life. SFA.
5.3
Land There are control Contractor's RE EU/PMOOwnership measures obligation
involved in the defined in
contractor Contract Data
obligation and in and Community
Social obligation in
Framework. SFA.
5.4
Land In this project it is Social RE EU/PMOAcquisition not involved. Framework
Should it be Agreement
required, it (SFA)
should be
provided in SFA.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-32
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
5.5
Access to other It must be under Contractor's RE EU/PMO
construction an agreement obligation as
materials. with Local provided in
Communities. Contract
Document and
Community
obligation in
SFA.
5.6
Adverse effects No significant site Contract RE EU/PMO
on known is located nearby Document and
archaeological the project area. SFA
Sites. Should it be
there, it must be
reflected in
Contractor's Data
and Community
SFA
5.7
Chance Finds Contractor's Contract RE EU/PMO
obligation to Document Data
convey the and SFA
chance find to
concerned
authorities in
collaboration with
communities
NDC I NESPAK IATKINS 8-33
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses5.8
Graveyard and Contractor to Contract Data RE EU/PMOburials. facilitate the and SFA
security of
graveyards and
ease of burial.
5.9
Public Safety at Proper temporary Defined in RE EU/PMOConstruction signs and Contract Data
Sites marking and and SFA with
manual Communities
regulations of
traffic and public
movement.
5.10
Health and Use of proper Contractor's RE EU/PMOSafety on equipment, obligation
Construction proper operation defined in
Sites of equipment, Contract Data,
minimizing risks and Community
to all parties. obligations in
SFA.
5.11
Employment During As far as RE EU/PMOconstruction the possible, the
employment will local labour
be generated. especially
unskilled should
be employed.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-34
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
(C): OPERATIONAL PHASE
At operational stage effective monitoring, evaluation as per operational manual and
monitoring plan is as under:
1. Strict Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
application of Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
prescribed Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Monitoring & Engineering Duty according t Barrage Government of
Engineering bound. strict Punjab
plan specification
and in
commutation
with
communities.
2. Continuous Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
evaluation of Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
design Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
efficiency Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
commutation
with
communities
3. Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Understanding Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
and training of Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
operational Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
manual bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-35
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
commutation
with
communities
4. Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Environmental Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
Annual Audit Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
commutation
with
communities
5. Regular Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Maintenance Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
commutation
with
communities
6. Staff welfare Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-36
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation Monitoring
Measure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
commutation
with
communities
7. Continued Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Public Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
Consultant Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
commutation
with
communities
8. Continued Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
Gender issues Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
and women Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
Consultants. Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
commutation
with
communities
9. Canals to run Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &
their Capacity Engineering through Engineer/XEN Power
and not Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Department
beyond. Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjab
specification
and in
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-37
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Impact Mitigation Responsibility
Mitigation Contract and Implementation MonitoringMeasure Social
Framework
Agreement
(SFA) Clauses
commutation
with
communities
10. Refresher Resident Works done Resident Irrigation &courses for the Engineering through Engineer/XEN Poweroperational Executive contractor to Incharge Taunsa Departmentstaff. Engineering Duty according to Barrage Government of
bound strict Punjabspecification
and in
commutation
with
communities
8.10 RECOMMENDATIONS
8.10.1 Avoidance
Following possible defects must be avoided and forestalled through an appropriate design:
* Retrogression downstream
* Pulsating hydraulic jump
* Damage to friction blocks
* Excessive exit gradient
* Increased risk of piping due to silt deposit above the weir
* Uprooting of friction block
* Any RCC monolicity defects
* RCC quality control defects
* Oblique River Approach
* Haywire Turbulence
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-38
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Heavy Silting of Basin
* Heavy Silting of Canals
* Reduction in capacity of canals
* Abrasion of glacis downstream
* Sheltering of concrete floor due to inconsistent under sluice floor
* Obstruction of Navigation
* Obstruction of Fish Navigation through Fish Ladder
* Obstruction to Indus Dolphin movement
The above 19 points must be brought with emphasis in the notice of the Design Engineer
and it may be cross checked that these defects have been duly avoided through appropriate
design.
8.10.2 Contractor's Obligations
The following conditions should be included in the Tend Document followed by the Contract
Document as essential clauses:-
* Clause regarding disposal of waste construction material
The Contractor shall in consultation with and with the approval of Resident Engineer (RE) of
the Project select and abide by the selection, a site for disposal of waste construction
material. Contravention to this clause may tantamount to contravention to contract and the
Contractor will be responsible of removing the material dumped on a wrong site, at his own
expense and pay a fine for his negligence.
* Clause regarding adjustment with unstable locations appearing during
construction especially the foundation
In case an unstable location appears during construction, especially the foundation, the
contractor shall immediately inform the Resident Engineer expressly providing full technical
details about the problem. The RE will inspect the site; preferably the same day the report is
received and will, if necessary, agree to make modifications and changes in the design to
stabilize the situation such as change in the depth of foundation. Contractor will not make
any changes in the specification without express approval of RE. Contravention to this
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-39
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
provision will mean unauthorized construction carried out for which RE will issue dismantlingorders.
* Clause regarding Location of Labour Camps, Material Dumps / Depots,Equipment and Machinery Yards, approach roads and routes
Irrigation and Power Department land is available for location of Labour Camps, MaterialDepots, Equipment and Machinery Yard, Link Road or other activities related to thesematters and proposed sites have been shown on the project map. The Contractor willchoose particular sites within the overall campus indicated in consultation with RE. Theseactivities shall not be allowed outside the Irrigation and Power Department land (oldworkshop site and 46 acres of land located adjacently). If the Contractor chooses to locatehis facilities on a private land, he will himself be responsible for any compensation,resettlement or rehabilitation process and costs and RE or Irrigation and Power Departmentshall not be involved in acquiring or using the land in making any payments for doing so.
* Clause regarding Rehabilitation of Construction and extraction sites
The Contractor shall carry out construction work exactly on the same site and according tothe same design as provided in the Tender Documents. Also the camps site, the materialdepot, the machinery and equipment yard, like roads and borrow areas shall, after hecompletion of construction, restored and rehabilitated and brought to at least the samecondition, in which these were handed over to the contract. A set of photographs and a videotape film shall be prepared to show the pre-construction sites and post constructionrehabilitated sites. For any contravention of this clause the final payments and the securitiesdeposited shall not be released.
* Clause regarding drainage, paths, roads, Linear Fixtures crossed/damaged byMachinery moving to and from the construction sites
During the construction, if the Contractor's vehicles moving to and from the constructionsite(s) cause any damage or disruption of services pertaining to drainage systems, paths,roads linear fixtures e.g., transmission lines and fences, the Contractor shall get the damagerepaired and services restored within 24 hours of the damage clause failing which the REwill get an assessment of the damage and losses and debit that amount to Contractors
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-40
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
account and the next payment shall be made to Contractor after deducting the debited
amount.
* Clause regarding earthen embankments or Concrete Work edge scouring on the
Protection Bunds or on the main sill structure
All such spots where there is a possibility of scouring of earthen embankments or concrete
work edge as mentioned in the Tender Document and included in this Contract, the
Contractor shall protect by protection walls and stone rip-rap work, failing which the payment
of the Contractor shall be with-held.
* Clause regarding discharge spill or dumping on any building, House, graveyard,
archaeological site (established or newly Found), unstable slot, uncompacted
embankment or leaking into construction area
The Contractor shall be contractually bound to not to allow or cause discharge spill or
dumping on any building house, graveyard, archaeological site (established or newly found),
unstable slopes, uncompacted embankment or leakage into the construction area. Any such
failure shall be duly noted by RE during site inspections and contractor shall immediately
remedy the situation failing which the payment of the contractor shall be with-held and the
damage so caused shall debited to contractor's account.
* Clause regarding Diesel and other fluids spilling over to River water from
construction machinery
The Contractor shall ensure that his construction machinery is always in first class working
order and no spilling of Diesel or any other fluids into the River, is caused by the defective
machinery of the Contractor. For any such spill the Contractor shall pay the environmental
compensation to be assessed by RE in consultation with EPA Punjab and the said amount
shall be debited towards the payment of the Contractor.
* Clause regarding protection of construction work from floods
The Contractor shall, throughout the construction work, manage to keep an eye on the flood
position of the barrage and shall remain in touch with Flood Control Centre and remain
equipped with means and equipment for taking protective measures to protect the works
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-41
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
under construction. Irrigation and Power Department shall not be responsible for anydamage caused by floods and any works washed away shall be reconstructed by theContractor at his own cost within the tenure of the contract.
* Clause regarding providing proper diversion of water from downstream
The Contractor shall, in consultation with RE provide proper diversion to water flowing
downstream and by requesting the Barrage Management opening and closing the mainbarrage gates and by collaboration with local communities especially the Fishermen
community as per SFA and preparing them for any such diversions or closures. Losses
caused to construction work due poor or mismanaged river flow diversion shall be
considered as negligence on the part of contractor any damages or losses caused due to
this negligence shall be borne by the contractor.
* Clause regarding control on air quality by not allowing Machinery to cause dust,smoke or noise pollution
The Contractor shall not cause deterioration of air quality by using old or ill maintained
machinery which raise excessive dust, produce excessive smoke or cause excessive noise
pollution. The Contractor shall follow strict standards of maintenance of machinery, provide
qualified and trained drivers for the vehicles. The Contractor shall also sprinkle water onkacha roads to be used as link roads, and sites where the earth is to be dumped. And the
Contractor shall provide protective masks to his work force. Failure to do so shall be taken
as serious contravention of the contract and shall cause the payment to be deferred till be
correction of the situation.
* Clause regarding control on dust or other pollutants from Stored materials,material depots or spoil heaps
The Contractor shall:-
(a) locate his material depots and spoil dump as far away from the
villages/community "Deras" as possible.
(b) keep all such materials covered for effective control of the fugitive dust.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-42
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
Failing to do the Contractor will bear the cost which may have to be incurred on
arranging remedy to defaults.
* Clause regarding use of outdated machinery
The Contractor shall obtain a certificate from Vehicle Examiner working under the RE but
paid by the Contractor, that all the machinery employed is either new or in first class fitness
condition so as not to cause smoke or oil leakages. RE will not allow the use of any outdated
machinery.
* Clause to Protect the Biological Resources
The Contract will ensure that:-
(a) Unnecessary and out of bound activities/movements are not done outside the
campus allotted to him for setting-up the labour camp, material depots and
machinery yard.
(b) No fire arms are carried by any of the employees or labour.
(c) All Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries Laws are fully respected and abided by the
Contractor and his work force.
(d) The Biodiversity is respected and saved on its terrestrial, aquatic and aerial habitats,
especially as a RAMSAR site.
(e) Limits and norms of Wildlife Sanctuary are fully respected and implemented.
(f) Necessary sign boards are displayed to make labour, visitors and members of public
to remind them of their obligations towards Biota.
(g) Inspections by Wildlife, Forest and Fisheries Officers are facilitated in camps to
facilitate a proper implementation of relevant Laws.
(h) Communities are given awareness and are involved in proper protection of the Biota
inside and around the Project site.
(i) Indus Dolphin shall be considered as a specially protected animal and under no
circumstance its killing, catching or poaching shall be permissible.
Any contravention to any of the above sub-clauses will be considered as breach of contract
and lead to disqualification of the Contractor.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-43
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Clause regarding respect for Socio-economic and Cultural Values and heritage
The Contractor shall be bound to:-
(a) Ensure that no damage or disruption is caused to the social infrastructure or publicservices being provided to the people e.g., education, health, electricity supply,drinking water supply facilities for public gathering or religious congregations.
(b) Ensure the Contractor or his employees remain above the local Tribal tensionsespecially the strife's over distribution of canal water and use of aquatic life.
(c) Ensure that existing ownership of land around the Project is respected.(d) Ensure that if some construction material has to procure from or through a member
of local community, it must be by a proper Social Framework Agreement socialcommunities.
(e) Ensure that no damage or adverse effect is caused to archaeological (present orchance find) sites, graveyards and burial places.
* Clause regarding Public Safety, Health and Safety at Construct Site, includingmeasures against HIV/AID
The Contractor shall:-
(a) put up temporary but prominent sign boards all of the project activity area warningpeople against likely hazards which can be caused due to certain activities. (Also tobe reflected in SFA).
(b) arrange to run a proper campaign the labour camp, to make people aware of thecauses, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
(c) strengthen the existing BHU for the benefit of the labour as well as the surroundingvillages.
(d) ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camps by ensure a cleanmess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation againstChorea will be arranged at intervals recommended by Health Department.
(e) keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open forthe inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents.
(f) provide proper overall, helmet and field boots and earplugs to work as a precautionagainst any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction complex with localwireless telephones also fitted the vehicles.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-44
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
* Clause regarding employment of Locals in the construction work
The Contractor as an obligation of the Contract will employ, subject to availability and work
ability, maximum number of local labour for construction work.
Note: The above clauses have been suggested from technical point of view. These may be
got vetted by qualified law officer before incorporating them into the Tender Document or the
Contract Document.
8.10.3 Social Frame Work Agreement (SFA)
A social Frame Work Agreement (SFA) will be signed through mutual open consent between
the local village leaders and the Resident Engineer (RE) of the Project. At least two
confirmed leaders/elders will be chosen from each of the villages situated adjacent to the
area where construction activity is going to be witnessed. These leaders/elders will
constitute a villagers committee and they will chose a Chairman from among themselves.
The SFA shall be signed by the RE from the l&P Department side and by the Chairman of
villager's committee from the villages side. SFA shall be drafted on the lines of legal
agreements signed between two parties and should preferably be on a stamped paper to be
provided by the RE at the project cost. All the mitigation measures where reference to SFA
has been made in the EMP, shall be included in the SFA. The l&P Department obligations
and villages social obligations shall be listed separately. Copies of SFA shall be kept by RE
the villagers chairman and the Ex-Ew I/C of the area. SFA shall be considered as a natural
follow up of the public consultation and public hearing and an indication that l&P department
and the local people are mutually facilitating the rehabilitation process of the Taunsa
Barrage. Following draft SFA is suggested.
Social Frame Work Agreement
1. This is a Social Frame Work Agreement between Resident Engineer (RE) Taunsa
Barrage Rehabilitation Project representing the Irrigation and Power Department (I&P
Department), Government of Punjab and the villagers committee of Taunsa Barrage
Area, whose names have been inscribed below in their presence and full consent.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-45
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-i
S. No Village Name (Two of each Father's Nameof village)
Village
1 1.
2.2 1.
2.3 1 .
2.
4
2.5 1 .
2.
6 1 .
2.7 1 .
2.
8 1 .
2.9 1
2.
2. We the committee of village leader/elders of Taunsa Barrage area have agreedunanimously to nominate S/O as ourchairman and authorize him to enter into an SFA with RE Taunsa BarrageRehabilitation Project on our behalf and on his own behalf. We understand andpledge that this SFA will be a binding on us and the RE throughout the currency ofthe construction work as well as the operational phase.
Signatures or LTI of the Chairman and the Members of the Villagers Committee.
Sr No Name Signatures/LTI1
2
3
4
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-46
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
5
6
7
8
10
1 1
12
3. By mutual consent it is agreed the i&P Department
(i) Shall not occupy any agricultural land or acquire any other land during the
construction of this project.
(ii) Shall not cause any damage or reduction in the water supply in the canals
taking off from Taunsa during the cosntruciton period of the project, except in
case of force majeure e.g. high floods, strong storms or any other act of God.
(iii) Shall not cause any disturbance to the Wildlife sanctuary, any public
archeological heritage or a place of worship.
(iv) Shall not interfere in the social political or tribal balance of the area.
(v) Shall/wherever possible facilitate better services and supplies to the area e.g.
schooling, health, awareness on epidemic diseases, HIV/AIDS, electricity and
road/rail communication.
(More commitments can be added if require)
4. Also, by mutual consent it is agreed that all the villagers residing in the area
influencing project (names of villages listed in para 1 aboveO, collectively and
severally:
(i) Shall not interfere in the location of labour camps, material depots, equipment
yards and all the approach roads to be used during project construction
phase, all of which will be located on the lands of l&P department.
(ii) Shall not interfere if the l&P department decides to shift the construction of
the sub-weir elsewhere on a more suitable site as long as the activity remains
on l&P department's own land.
(iii) Shall not receive any discharge of water slurry or oil spills to any graveyard or
archaeological site.
NDC NESPAK I ATKINS 8-47
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-f
(iv) Shall not cause any damage to wildlife or forest resources of the wildlifesanctuary (which is also RAMSAR site) and no villagers will be involved inkilling, poaching or hunting of animal including Indus Dolphin and hog dear.
(v) Shall not allow reduction or official interference in our existing services andfacilities e.g. education, health, electricity, drinking water supply, religious andsocial congregations.
(vi) Shall not allow any interference in our tribal, commercial or social norms, andwe understand that no land acquisition or resettlement is involved under theproject.
(vii) Agree that in case the contractor wishes to obtain some material from theprivate lands or wishes to make use of any piece of land outside the l&Pdepartment land that would invoke a new agreement between the villagersand the contractor and l&P department or Govt of Punjab shall not beinvolved in that in any way.
(viii) Agree to respect and observe the cautions on the sign boards displayed byproject authorities and shall not remove or cause to be removed anysignboards or installations put up by the Resident Engineer.
(Add more conditions if required as per the prevailing circumstances).
This SFA has been signed this day of , at
Signatures Signatures
Resident Engineer Chairman Villager's Committee(Full name and address) (Name and Address)
Counter singed
Signature
Executive Engineer
(full name and address)
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-48
Punjab Barrages Rehabilitation Project Phase-I
8.10.4 Operational Manual
However perfect the design may be and however meticulous the construction may be,
barrage often fail to achieve their full objectives if there no operational manual or the
provisions of the operational manual are not faithfully implemented. For post construction
phase of the project, it is recommended, that a board based team of experts is tasked to
develop a comprehensive operational manual for the rehabilitated Taunsa Barrage complex.
The manual should also include a provision of continuous pre-training of the staff who have
to be put on operational or maintenance duties. An effective monitoring and evaluation
(M&E) system should make an integral part of the operational manual by way of providing a
check list fro every operational and maintenance stage. As provided in the EMP, following
points must be included in the operational manual:
(i) Strict application of the prescribed M&E plan.
(ii) Continuous evaluation of design efficiency.
(iii) Training sessions for understanding and operating the manual.
(iv) Annual audit of environment (comparison of what is happening against he set
standards) to be conducted by an independent 3rd party.
(v) Regular maintenance (not repair).
(vi) Staff welfare.
(vii) Continuous public consultation (PR).
(viii) Continue gender issues and women consultation.
(ix) Canals must run according to their capacity and not beyond.
Refresher course for the operational staff are recommended.
NDC I NESPAK I ATKINS 8-49
I
I
I
I
I
ANNEXSI
m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ l
iIi
i
ii
Annex -ISheet 1 of 3
DRAFT
SOCIAL FRAME WORK AGREEMENT
This is a Social Frame Work Agreement between Resident Engineer (RE) Taunsa Barrage
Rehabilitation Project representing the Irrigation and Power Department (I&P Department),
Government of Punjab and the villagers committee of Taunsa Barrage Area, whose names
have been inscribed below in their presence and full consent.
S. No Village Name (Two of each Father's Name
of village)
Village
1 1.
2.
2 1 .
2.
3 1 .
2.
4 1 .
2.
5 1 .
2.
6 1 .
2.
7 1 .
2.
8 1 .
2.
9 1 .
2.
We the committee of village leader/elders of Taunsa Barrage area have agreed unanimously
to nominate S/0 as our chairman and
authorize him to enter into an SFA with RE Taunsa Barrage Rehabilitation Project on our
behalf and on his own behalf. We understand and pledge that this SFA will be a binding on
us and the RE throughout the currency of the construction work as well as the operational
phase.
Annex -ISheet 2 of 3
Signatures or LTI of the Chairman and the Members of the Villagers Committee.
Sr No Name Signatures/LTI1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1 1
12
By mutual consent it is agreed the l&P Department
(i) Shall not occupy any agricultural land or acquire any other land during theconstruction of this project.
(ii) Shall not cause any damage or reduction in the water supply in the canals taking offfrom Taunsa during the cosntruciton period of the project, except in case of forcemajeure e.g. high floods, strong storms or any other act of God.
(iii) Shall not cause any disturbance to the Wildlife sanctuary, any public archeologicalheritage or a place of worship.
(iv) Shall not interfere in the social political or tribal balance of the area.(v) Shall/wherever possible facilitate better services and supplies to the area e.g.
schooling, health, awareness on epidemic diseases, HIV/AIDS, electricity androad/rail communication.(More commitments can be added if require)
Also, by mutual consent it is agreed that all the villagers residing in the area influencingproject (names of villages listed in para 1 aboveO, collectively and severally:
(i) Shall not interfere in the location of labour camps, material depots, equipment yardsand all the approach roads to be used during project construction phase, all of whichwill be located on the lands of l&P department.
(ii) Shall not interfere if the l&P department decides to shift the construction of the sub-weir elsewhere on a more suitable site as long as the activity remains on l&Pdepartment's own land.
(iii) Shall not receive any discharge of water slurry or oil spills to any graveyard orarchaeological site.
(iv) Shall not cause any damage to wildlife or forest resources of the wildlife sanctuary(which is also RAMSAR site) and no villagers will be involved in killing, poaching orhunting of animal including Indus Dolphin and hog dear.
Annex -ISheet 3 of 3
(v) Shall not allow reduction or official interference in our existing services and facilitiese.g. education, health, electricity, drinking water supply, religious and social
congregations.(vi) Shall not allow any interference in our tribal, commercial or social norms, and we
understand that no land acquisition or resettlement is involved under the project.
(vii) Agree that in case the contractor wishes to obtain some material from the privatelands or wishes to make use of any piece of land outside the l&P department land
that would invoke a new agreement between the villagers and the contractor and l&Pdepartment or Govt of Punjab shall not be involved in that in any way.
(viii) Agree to respect and observe the cautions on the sign boards displayed by projectauthorities and shall not remove or cause to be removed any signboards or
installations put up by the Resident Engineer.(Add more conditions if required as per the prevailing circumstances).
This SFA has been signed this day of , at
Signatures Signatures
Resident Engineer Chairman Villager's Committee(Full name and address) (Name and Address)
Counter singed
SignatureExecutive Engineer
(full name and address)
----
Annex-Il
FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PUNJAB BARRAGES REHABILITATION PROJECT PHASE-ITAUNSA BARRAGE
Project Beneficiary Survey(Socio-Economic Study)
Year Questionnaire No.
I. Location/identification
1.1 Feeder/RD I 1.2 Village aJ
1.3 Tehsil _ 1.4 District F-I
II. Biographical Data
2.1 Name
2.2 Father's Name _
2.3 Age _
2.4 Caste a
2.5 Tribe a
2.6 Marital Status 1. Married 2. Single 3. Widower 4. Divorced E2.7 Literacy Status 1. Literate 2. Illiterate a
2.8 If Literate, Years of schooling Years |E|J|
2.9 Occupation (head of the household) 1. Agriculturist 2. Fisherman 3. Non-Agriculturist
2.10 State your habitant status
1. Local 2. Settler 3. Refugee 4. Temporary Resident
2.11 Are you member of any village Community organization 1. Yes_ 2. No. EJ2.12 If yes, which of the following organizations?
1 Religious2 Political3 Economic4 Law & Order a
5 Educational (formal/informal)6 Community Organization7 Punchayat/Jirga8 Youth Organization9 Any other
Ill. House Hold Profile
3.1 State the family composition (see on next page)
IV. Housing Status
4.1 State total area of your house?
4.2 How much is the total area of your house?
1. Covered J 2. Uncovered
4.3 Ownership status of the house
1. Owned 2. Rented 3. Rent Free 4. Having no home a
1. Katcha 2. Pacca 3. K&P a
4.4 Physical condition of the house
1. Katcha 2. Pacca 3. Katcha and Pacca _ 4. Juggi E
Ill. Household Profile
Sr # Relation with AgeMarital Status Education Occupation Employment Monthly Residential Health StatusSrA#)EducationlOccupation Status (B) Income Status (C)
Household Hea Agbes Sex (iga)e to _eaby_it/vllae_)Dsale
1 3) Dependent 3) Living aborad 3) Handicapped
2 Divorced 4) Reird/ensine 4) Others
43_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _
54 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6 5_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
87 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
j 9_ _ _ _ _ __
9 i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1 2 0_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1 3 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
A) B) C) D)1) Married 1) Working 1) Residing with parents 1) Healthy2) Single 2) Jobless 2) Migrated to nearby city/village 2) Disabler3) Widow 3) Dependent 3) Living aborad 3) Handicapped4) Divorced 4) Retired/Penssioner 4) Others
4.6 Does the house Contain?1 Gas 1. Yes_ 2. No a
2 Electricity 1. Yes_ 2. No_ _
3 Telephone 1. Yes_ 2. No_ _
4 Hand pump 1. Yes_ 2. No a
5 Running water (Tap) 1. Yes_ 2. No_ _
V. Social Organizations
5.1 Specify the existing village/social organizations in your area and state their functional status?
No. Category Name
1 Religious _ 1. Yes_ 2. No__
2 Political 1. Yes_ 2. No a
3 Economic 1. Yes_ 2. No E
4 Law & Order E 1. Yes_ 2. No___
5 Educational (formal/informal) E 1. Yes_ 2. Noa
6 Community Organization/Welfare _ 1. Yes _ 2. No__
7 Women Organization E 1. Yes_ 2. No E
8 Union Council _ 1. Yes_ 2. No__
9 Any Other (specify) _ 1. Yes_ 2. No_a
5.2 Does the population of the village belong to same caste/Tribe? 1. Yes_ 2. No a
5.3 If no, name the main caste and their population?
Name of Caste Population1.2.3.
45
VI. Leadership Pattern
6.1 Which type of people are influential in village matters (including irrigation) and
how they decide these matters?
Sr# Person/Status Decision Pattern
1 MPA/MNAs2 _Member of U/C3 Spiritual/Religious Leader4 Land Lord/LumberDar5 School Teacher6 Community Leader7 Government Official8 Rest. Government Official9 Any other (specify)
6.2 Were these decisions considered final and implemented successfully? 1. Yes _ 2. No
i) Finality of decision _
ii) Successful implementation a
6.3 Are the general relationship among people in the locality essentially based upon?
1. Competition 2. Conflict l
3. Co-operation 4. Don't Know w
6.4 Was there any major dispute related to irrigation in the past? 1. Yes 2. No a
5
6.5 If yes, what was the nature of dispute and how was it resolvedNature of Dispute Method of Resolution
1.
2.
3.
6.6 Would the existing inter and intera bradari system facilitate the process of Project in the area?
1. Yes 2. No. 3. DK a
VII. Land Use
7.1 Status of Land OperatedVill ge Elsewhere in Project Area
Category Acre P/A Rent Acre P/A RentRented - outShared- outRented - out .Shared- out .Cultivated Area .Cultivation .Culturable Waste .Fallow Land .
7.2 Is groundwater suitable for irrigation? 1. Fit 2. Partially Fit 3. Unfit_ _
7.3 What is the depth of wear table? feet a
7.4 Is water table at your acquired land:1. Constant 2. Falling 3. Rising __
7.5 Do you have any working tube well in you land? 1. Yes 2. No a
7.6 If yes, which type of tube well?1. Diesel Tube well 2. Electric Tube well J
IX. Marketable surplus produce9.1 Did you have any marketable surplus produce during last copping seasons?
1. yes 2. No _
9.2 If yes, give detailsMarketed Price Total Transport Cast
Cropt Sail Point(i) QTY (Rs/Mound) Amount (Rs) (Rs/Mound)W heat__ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
Rice(B+I)SugarcaneCottonFodder®Fodder(K)__ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
Vegetables__Vegetables(K)Oil seedsO thers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
9.3 Describe any problem which affect production are sale of crops during last seasons?1 Higher inputs prices
2 Low out prices a
3 Not availability of surface water E4 Unreliability of groundwater (for non-owners) _
5 Non availability of buyers _
6 Any other (specify) JX. Orchards
10.1 DO you have any orchard/fruits trees? 1. yes . 2. NO a
6
VIII. Cropping Pattern, Agronomic Practices and Production during last Cropping Year
Weedicide Pesticide Totals By
S# Crop Cropped Fertilized FYN No. of ploughs Seed rate (per Arc Fertilizer use er Arc Irrigation Instruction Production Products
Area Area (a) Method # Method Variety Treated Qty Type Bags Type Bags Type #) (ii) (M.Tons) (M.Tons)
(Acre) (Acre) No of Trolleys (b) = _ _ _e (kg) (f) # g # _ =
1 W heat__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 Maize grains)
3 R ice _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 Sugarcane = ______ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ =
6 Fodder (Rabi) = = = = = =_==__==_
7 Fodder (Kharif) .
8 Vegetables (Rabi)
9 Vegetables (Khanif) _ _
10 Oil Seeds _ _ _ _
11 O rchards__ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
12 O ther T__
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a) b) c) d) g) h) i)
Farm yard Mechanical =1 Broadcasting=1 Local =1 Urea=1 Canai only 1 yes=1
Manure Local (L) =2 Improved=2 h yielding =2 Can=2 PTWonly 2 No=2
M+l=3 e) AS=3 CTW only 3
yes=1 NP=4 Canal +PWT 4
No=2 DAP=5 Canal+CTW 5
SOP=7 Canal+PWT+CWT 6
MOP=8 Water purchased (WP) 7
Zinc=9 Canal=WP 8
SSP=10 Canal=PTW+WP 9
Canal+CTW+WP 10
Another (specify) 1112
10.2 If yes, no. of trees1 Grave ____
2 Cities ____
3 Mango
4 Banana ____
5 Any others (specify) l l l
10.3 What Was your annual gross income from orchard/fruit trees?Rs l l l l
(i) Market 1 Mill 4commission agent 2 Procurement Center 5village vendor 3 Others 6
Xi. Income from other farming Activities11.1 What is your annual gross in cross from selling of timber?
11.2 What is your annu dual gross income from fish farming/poultry farming?
11.3 What is your annu dual gross income from other farming activities? !71XII. Fisherman Profile at (Mancher Lake)
12.1 state the type of house in which your family is living?
1 Juggi at the edge of lake 2. Living in boating the lake
3. having House in nearly village E12.2 Major of source of your family income?
1. fishing only 2. Fishing/Catching birds I3. Fishing/Agriculture 4. Fishing/other source of income _
12.3 Are you Fishing at?i) Owner Eii) Share bases Eiii) Both a
12.4 In what ways your family will be affected with the raising of mancher Lake?
1 Residence a
2 Economic Activity I3 Income _
4 Tribe System a
12.5 What problems do you anticipate with the raising of Mancher Lake? (General reframe)?
12.6 What solution do you have for the anticipated problems?
Xil. Gender13.1 Does the women of the area are involved in income generating activities?
1. Yes 2. NO. _
13.2 If yes, what type of activities ?
13.3 What ways the project upoun women and female population of your area?
a) Equity12
E
3
b) Education1
2 3
c) Welfare1
2 3
d) Efficiency1
2 3
e) Empowerment1
2 [
3
f) Anti-Poverty1
2 C
3
g) Environment
2 3
h) Ethics
2 3
Any other Significant Observation
Date Name of Interview
8
iI
Annex-IIISheet 1 of 4
FISHES COMMONLY FOUND IN RIVER INDUS
UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM
TAUNSA BARRAGE
Local Name Scientific Name
Ahee Pseudeutropius atherinoides (Bloch)
Bachwa Clupisonta garua (Harn).
Eutropiichthys vacha (Ham)
Eutropiichthys muris (Ham)
Bounchee Oxygaster gora (Ham)
Bhangaii Laheo micropthalmus (Day)
But Notoplerus notopterus (Pallas)
Notopterus chitala (Ham)
Chal Oxygaster hacaila (Ham)
Oxygaster gora (Ham)
Rasbora deniconius (Ham)
Aspidoparala morar (Ham)
Chalwa Eutropiichthys vacha (Ham)
Chanchi Gandusia chapru (Ham)
Chelle Eutropiichthys vacha (Ham)
Eutropiichthys murius (Ham)
Chelli Chupisoma garua (Ham)
Chiddu Barbus (Puntius) sophore (Ham)
Barbus (Puntius) ticto (Ham)
Barbus chrysopterus (McClell)
Barbus (Puntius) Conchonius (Ham)
Chidu Colisa fasciata (Bloch and Schn.)
Chilwa Oxygaster hacaila (Ham)
Oxygaster gora (Ham)
Aspidoparia morar (Ham)
Bartlius vagra (Ham)
Barilius bendelisis var chedra (Ham)
Choota Saul Channa striatus (Bloch)
Choti kangee Colisa Lalius (Ham)
Cirreah Labeo gonius (Ham)
Annex-IIISheet 2 of 4
Local Name Scientific NameCowwa Xenentodon cancila (Ham)
Coonch Bagarius bagarius (Ham)
Dahee Labeo calbasu (Ham)
Dahi Labeo calbasu (Ham)
Dalunga Channa punctatus (Bloch.)
Dau Channa gachua (Ham)
Daula Channa marulius (Ham)
Channa punctatus (Bloch)
Channa triatus (Bloch)
Di Labeo calbasu (Ham)
Dogra Crossocheilus latius (Ham)
Dumbra Labeo rohita (Ham)
Dumbro Labeo rohita (Ham)
Fidar Colisa fasciata (Bloch and Schn.)
Gandha Nandus nandus (Ham)
Gandan Notopterus notopterus (Pallas)
Gambusia Gambusia affinis holbrooki (Girard)
Gila Glossogobius gluris (Ham)
Gonch Bagarius hagarius (Ham)
Gagata cenia (Ham)
Nangra nangra (Ham)
Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella
Guddah Osteobrama cotio var cunma (Day)
Osteobrama cotio (Ham)
Gulfam Cyprinus carpio
Grooj Mastacembelus armatus (Lacep.)
Jerki Wallago attu (Bloch and Schn.)
Jhalli Eutropiichthys vacha (Ham)
Eutropiichthys murius (Ham)
Kalbano Labeo calbasu (Ham)
Kangee Ambassis nama (Ham)
Colisa fasciata (Bloch and schn)
Ambassis ranga (Ham)
Ambassis baculis (Ham)
Annex-IIISheet 3 of 4
Local Name Scientific Name
Karra Mystus (Mystus) bleekeri (Day)
Khagga Mystus (Mystus) bleekeri (Day)
Khagga Rita rita (Ham)
Khangni Barbus (Puntius) sarana (Ham)
Kharni Barbus (Puntius) sarana (Ham)
Barbus Oxygaster gora (Ham)
Khotah Nandus nandus (Ham)
Khurero Labeo dero (Ham)
Lohari Barilius Vagra (Ham)
Morakha Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham)
Morakhi Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham)
Mori Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham)
Mullee Wallago attu (Bloch And Schn)
Mund Channa punctatus (Bloch)
Naulakhi Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)
Oothi Oxygaster bacaila (Bloch)
Pari Notopterus notopterus (Ham)
Notopterus chitala (Ham)
Oxygaster gora (Ham)
Popra Barbus (Puntius) sarana (Ham)
Barbus (Puntius) sophore (Ham)
Barbus (Puntius) ticto (Ham)
Barbus (Puntius) punjabensis (Day)
Barbus (Puntius) chrysopterus (McClell)
Barbus (Puntius) phutunio (Ham)
Popree Barbus (Puntius) phutunio (Ham)
Barbus (Puntius) tetra rupugus (McClell)
Rohu Labeo rohita (Ham)
Saul Channa marulius (Ham)
Channa striatus (Bloch)
Seenghala Mystus (Osteobagrus) seenghala (Sykes)
Sereiha Labeo gonius (Ham)
Shakur Channa marulius (Ham)
Shisha Ambassis ranga (HamO
Annex-IIISheet 4 of 4
Local Name Scientific NameAmbassis nama (Ham)
Ambassis baculis (Ham)Silver carp Hypopthalmiethys malitrix (Ral)Singhara Mystus (Osteobagrus) seenghala (Sykes)Singhari Mystus (Osteobagrus) aor (Ham)Singhi Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)Sonnee Cirrhinus reba (Ham)Sunni Cirrhinus reba (Ham)Takla Xenentodon cancila (Ham)Tangra Mystus (Mystus) vittatus (Bloch)Tapra Labeo rohita (Ham)Theil Catla catla (Ham)Thaila Catla catla (Ham)Theili Catla catla (Ham)Tilapia Oreochromis mossambica (Peters)Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters)Tilapia Oreochromis aureus
Mystus (Osteobagrus) seenghala (Sykes)Tirkanda Rita rita (Ham)(Source: Fisheries Department, Punjab)
Annex-IVSheet 1 of 2
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION DEPARIMENT# ) ~~~~~~~Govemrmenf of the Ptw*a
GI. ; IS1 r RIF'I 4 Lytton Road, Lothoe. N.190rNO), $2/F.93/0609/EIA
l)D;tie O (10912004
-"'l lie Chicr I[ l:giuleer (RcsCorclh).h 1ig:iml on Poweer f)epoiu Irneot,(; scl oet llC. P'un jiab.I .olsie
Stibjeel:- DIL.( ISION ( rNVIR NMrl.N I INII'A( I ASS,Wi!;l I _l,1l
I)est riptimn r r vi'tiject: heit p roject tfr citilithi onlOll sittt itiodei iim ; r lt)t i:i r cotist ortilC rIllolving sCope of rnrk:* Ellnuriril~ sitruc itt-l 5(IihilI or stistiiimo cNkfii nge,
conos,trictiotn of I siibsidy ivyir doirtloitrernoi go providle icuishiion iiiiter to mitigle tIhe crrec ,,r hof ydraulic jilmp.
.emoeling o or it i,, I I I Pok lit. ii :1ill ! ee msoti-e N-ys.. Co,i( 1 , fit; 1111If' f'rout.i ,I-ichi .l ' 1ill l. - II) Odi IIc-K problilem
or oblique river airproimich (if * ntlls.* (.lnr gcwhitg systeml to lbe midtle elVcfivonic.* Fli,lrnenileiil or ailihility or c;1irl Wi aler
'I'hic TIiutuIr fIarrige. bill t ve oer Ri tvet lud its ;s c lrtd :1tI.ocol h (r Jul-ftiecld 3n" 31 reel N nidtl 7n" 51 rcei IE i, tie sNol tio-iesl I tiic
l'Pn j11 iti TCesilil KIit Atll, fir mitrict N 1l70 rrl rg: rur.
3 1 I llc il oimiellltlalt 'lOIrcltm ACcilct (ITPA). lPiollnli ;Ims (IIciCle(I to aiccord ilk .1ppr'vai
01 C11110110ititllplse 'o ille projccl 'allijectl to th toilloinig:. ii.l i
( i a I nf soil erosioo %% ill lbe ' lili itin (1 with fi c I polle proelt prvii i orill for reui c incillg i o xf
(ii) Nlmich iltv sha-Ill be cairditlIl 0111 lIllilig ilc CilC lc etiotl M1 IlliC pl'jCCt acti% ilics. \iollintirilig
tplell. (1111C8 wlc xilvic op|eat.Iionl shilflali¢e mbmitiliv*i Ito ITIA. Po..i'f, lit !i1.. ,,hZl 1) tsi
iii) Nlitzalifoil imcntllto atitl cliti6iomlllCnlita ,.li(lcliIICs IclImimewled(I( in ii c lIe tIeA pollta
1:116foollicl MlCg I C It Pli;lll lan11:| dil,T1li ld slie or ic IIv adhrri t(i Ilil i Ilmi7c llcgal ive
clIivilllilert:l imlpipcts of lic plrojet
(iv) All liic ull-skitlehI tinl 1n Ihe c\1:nIhl pos"sible tLkitItl Jl,cs 'fill l Ic gimte it I lcal aiiOerPtm i(li11 Illcitl ( ii (lpo er Ii illin g,
( ) "lXensive Ic fie pc i olitonli. cgricc finlie pI1 ihit l.lntit l 1 illiligetum 5(e1CCi'S, ltlI1 ltc ch t (cfl ied 01
iI fhtle nrca It, ciii 111cc Cm iltt'llIICri:II tCfmliilihiS
(viI (amlping siles shoduld Ie locited lel least 500 melerc aown 'roni ii anY seItInicl [it t l v n0idt iSll l1 1CC it the lwr;ll picc'pl. Scwn gel±coelalcel fivoll Clolpilil' ciIts oil Id hle 1b C :lc(l ill
celiric tati ; nl; d tsoak pits it dItiIOInLe S-IemIin 1jc lr'I ;t:lilble. I hese shOulds be cloituldCtC( at:, ,,i.i,,t,.,sIjt, ofv WOt iltlt c 64(X ,, 1 .1; 1I, p:,. ',111:1,1clif of1 sc:l:fmal \%:11t t l te>X<b ';%:ptic 1;1l11,
:111d1 s'': ilis sIloilfl 11111v 1'lcdalcti in he arias it tlee fllgh prouInIl wolr table cxi.ls.
(ii) I ploponciownt stati oeleill 111lit t jt ai1nlo licieint IleaIhit safz w lll lciv rs nle iplace Ioilrl"'litc'cOoo of winer bafltIS )clvf I,\ aI rfscmptcheoivc lQcmtcrLcnc *Cspotm,T -,: ctettl,
I I hliS pplXtal\ -IShall hc Ie d mll :lci tSt}l vo icl ii' :il or ;Ifl\ ............................. tilecim(fituiols. onctifitnned ill
Ptiar al2oIie n1c mII (11ClItlc liedl \ ilk-
S I lie Plloliti'lcill shall he litable rn comIpliance lit Seciion 13, II. 1 7 anld IR *11 IIJI:tl IARteEMInGoaions 200(1. re anlrlitg approval, cn firmilI ion or coninplamce. ellirv. iivspccfions ,Il1(
mottlilml illt I' I I
Annex-IVSheet 2 of 2
6. 3T I is appitn';tII is ccc if dt: tl otli I ir tisIric I t I l, - o.I 11. ,j1 1 I II ei I c i,.,,i,,gof'r.e tj arragc, tilc proponciit i% i.fiI'I1r Ii,jI,ill .prlrn%at ill ;ol I'I1;lII:he % ill lrII3(2)(:) ni d Sccction I R o Ih 1b IAI II I IRcv'rl.iwn.' rf 7 Amii clIuImgvc in thc nipe lsmdII pr,'1:i 4:'fliI hN Il 'lilmimm:ticted tro IlA, I'mijah mid J1X: he
2 'I hxis alnlp,oyal (loc.; no^t :11,.INC ilxc 111c lpolAllent of' flel diilly to1 obil;;l 1a.t.l am lO lgt' a >'Co1lisell1 qC.lt Il.')( ' I)e I-eq1ire(I zxiltCr av It.v ilt fi-cV.
AS sI S IA AN i; !1 1 I " It (t.A {e/1)(; It'A. Ithiii ;,I
Fod,zl. Nti VF-lIlA l):ledI __ _ /"()"12P
A to .xfn'i,,z,l i, /,?flnrrI1? telt 'I he D)irector (M'&('). I l'A. Pt'tmjnh. I hnltre2. 'I I )irector 1,1U.&I). IVPA. imi1'a,ll. I 4ihorec
A'SIS I AN I c MUl IJA)fi ID).(G [P-A, Itiij:,
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