film exposure and developing process

Film Exposure and Film Exposure and DevelopingDeveloping

• Remember to set your ISO and ASA everytime you put a new roll of film in your camera.

• This lets your camera's light meter know how sensitive your film is to light.

• The faster the film speed the more sensitive your film is to light and requires less time for exposure.(600, 800, 1600, etc.)

• The slower the film speed the less sensitive your film is to light and requires more time for film exposure.(60, 100, 200,etc.)

Film LayersFilm Layers• Black and white film is made up of three layers.

The Emulsion LayerThe Emulsion Layer• The emulsion layer contains light sensitive Silver

Halide Crystals suspended in a gelatin. This is the part of the film where an image is formed.

Film GrainFilm Grain• Depending on the film speed will depend on the

size of the Silver Halide Crystals. The slower the film speed the smaller the crystals, the faster the film speed the larger the crystals.

What happens when What happens when you take a picture?you take a picture?

• As you take a picture it creates a frame on you film.

• It creates a Latent Image on your film that will not become visible until after developing your film.

The frame size on your negative is created by your shutter opening in the back of your camera.

35 MM film is considered to be a small format film in which 8x10 sometimes (11x14) prints are as large as you want to go with enlargements because the grain is more visible the larger you make the print.

Original SceneNegative of Scene

Negative of Scene

Black and White Print of Negative

Negative of Scene

More Silver Halide crystals are activated in the white and lighter areas then they are in the black and darker areas on the negative.

The lighter areas of the negative make the darker areas on the print and the darker areas on the negative create the lighter areas in the print.

Developing Your FilmDeveloping Your Film• First you need to load your film into a developing

tank.• This must be done in a light tight room

Developing Tank

Set Your Water Set Your Water TemperatureTemperature

Set Your Water Set Your Water TemperatureTemperature

Read Temperature Here

Adjust Here

Set Your Water Set Your Water TemperatureTemperature

• Start the water running while you tank you film.

• Once your film is load adjust your water temperature to 68ºF or 20ºC.

• Fill your tank with water to presoak your film.

DeveloperDeveloper• Measure out 2 ozs. of Developer and 20 ozs. of

water.

• Pour the Developer into the water.

• Pour water out of developing tank.

• Set your timer for 6.5 Minutes.

• Pour your developer mixture into your developing tank.

DeveloperDeveloper• The timer starts the second you start to add the

developer mixture into your tank.

• Agitate the developer for the first 30 seconds.

• Let it set for 30 seconds.

• Agitate for 5 seconds. • Let set for 30 seconds.• Total developing time is 6 minutes 30 seconds• Do this until you have only 10 seconds of time left

and than pour your developer out down the drain.

TIMER

Stop BathStop Bath• While you are developing measure out your Stop

Bath.

Stop BathStop Bath• While you are developing measure out your Stop

Bath.• 22 ozs.

• Stop Bath will neutralize the developer and stop the developing process.

• 1 Minute of constant agitation.

• You will save the Stop Bath.

Stop BathStop Bath• The Stop Bath will be Yellow if Good and will turn

Purple if Bad.

• If bad discard down the drain.

• Pour the good mixture back into the Stop Bath container.

• These chemicals will go far please use them correctly and save them whenever possible.

FixerFixer• Measure out the Fixer and have prepared for

when the Stop Bath is complete.

FixerFixer• Measure out the Fixer and have prepared for

when the Stop Bath is complete.• 22 ozs

• 5 Minutes total time.

• Agitate the same way you did the developer.

• The first 30 seconds and then 5 seconds every 30 seconds.

FixerFixer• You will save the Fixer when the fixing time is

up.

• Check the fixer with Hypo-Check. (Hypo = Fixer)

• If the Hypo check turns white the fixer is bad pour it into the recyling unit.

• If it does not turn white the fixer is good save and put back into the fixer container.

FixerFixer• Please check and only recycle Bad Fixer.

• At this point in the developing stage your film is no longer light sensitive and you can open your develping tank.

Running Water WashRunning Water Wash• You want to fill your tank with water and dump it

out 5 times.

• Do this with the top off your developing tank.

Archival WashArchival Wash• Measure out 22 ozs of Archival Wash.

Archival WashArchival Wash• Measure out 22 ozs of Archival Wash.

• 2 Minutes of constant agitation.

• Reuse - Discard only if there are black things floating in the chemical. RECYCLE.

Running Water WashRunning Water Wash• With the lid off your tank fill with water and

dump it out 15 times.

• After the last time fill up with water one more time on leave the water in for the next step.

PHOTOFLOPHOTOFLO• Place 4 drops of PhotoFlo into the tank of water

and lightly spin your film reels to mix the solution through your water.

• Let set for 1 Minute.

• Take your film out of the tank and off of the reel.• Squeegee your film with wet fingers.• Hang in the film drier to dry.

Film DryerFilm Dryer• Set the dryer to the first line between the 0 and

1.

DON’T CHANGE THIS DIAL

Proper Placement of tank for drying