espa ñ ol ii: repaso examen del mediosemestre: capítulo 3

Español II: Repaso

Examen del mediosemestre: Capítulo 3

Capítulo 3: ¿Qué ropa está de moda?

Vocabulario Pp. 94-95 (clothing articles/fabrics/patterns) Pp. 98-99 (accessories/people in

clothing/methods of payment)Gramática Pretérito (How do you use verbs in the

past?) Adjetivos Demostrativos

(this/that/these/those) Pronombres Demostrativos (What if you

don’t want to refer to the noun?)

¿Qué es el Pretérito?

Verbs have a different set of endings to use the past tense This past tense is called the preterite

Like the present tense, each type of verb has its own set of endings, though ER and IR verbs share the same endings

The preterite also has has its share of irregular verbs, such as verbs that end in:– car– gar– zar

Terminos del Pretérito: AR

The following endings are for forming regular AR verbs in the preterite:

yo é

tú aste

Él/ella/Ud. ó

nosotros amos

vosotros asteis

Ellos/ellas/Uds. aron

Terminos del Pretérito: ER y IR

The following ending are for BOTH regular ER y IR verbs in the preterite:

yo í

tú iste

Él/ella/Ud. ió

nosotros imos

vosotros isteis

Ellos/ellas/Uds. ieron

Car, Gar, Zar Verbs

Verbs that end in car, gar, or zar have irregular endings in the YO FORM

Car= qué Tocar: yo toqué

Gar=gué Pagar: yo pagué

Zar=cé Empezar: yo empecé

¿Cuáles son los Adjetivos Demostrativos?

Demonstrative adjectives are this, that, these, those

They “demonstrate” the location of something

MUST have an object behind them: the adjective has to agree in gender and number with the object

Unlike English, we have a different set of words for that and those if the object is far away

Demonstrative Adjectives: This/These/That/Those

este estos

esta estas

This/These:

That/Those:

ese esos

esa esas

**NOTE THE CHANGES IN THE MASCULINE FORMS BETWEEN SINGULAR AND PLURAL!!

Demonstrative Adjectives: That/Those-Far Away

These words are used if the object of that or those is far away. Note the spelling changes:aquel aquellos

aquella aquellas

¿Cuáles son Pronombres Demostrativos?

Demonstrative pronouns sound like what they are: pronouns that demonstrate the location of something

Because they’re pronouns, the subject is NOT referred to (this “one,” that “one”)

Los Pronombres Demostrativos

As you can see, the demonstrative pronouns are the same words as the demonstrative adjectives. The only difference is that you put an accent over the first “e” in every word.This should slightly affect the pronunciation as well.

éste éstosésta éstasése ésosésa ésasaquél aquéllosaquélla aquéllas